Publikasjoner
NIBIOs ansatte publiserer flere hundre vitenskapelige artikler og forskningsrapporter hvert år. Her finner du referanser og lenker til publikasjoner og andre forsknings- og formidlingsaktiviteter. Samlingen oppdateres løpende med både nytt og historisk materiale. For mer informasjon om NIBIOs publikasjoner, besøk NIBIOs bibliotek.
2007
Forfattere
Richard MeadowSammendrag
Foredraget er et framlegg av resultater fra et brukerstyrt prosjekt. Utprøving av alternative midler for bekjempelse i direktesådd kålrot og forsøk med dekke ble omtalt.
Forfattere
I.A. Rasmussen D.L. Benoit A. Davies F. Forcella J.L. Gonzalez-Andujar F. Graziani A.C. Grundy L. Karlsson A. Mead P. Milberg A. Murdoch P. Neve J. Salonen B. Sera E. Sousa F. Tei Kirsten Tørresen J.M. UrbanoSammendrag
Samspill mellom oppspiringsforhold, opphavssted til frø og jordarbeiding på oppspiring av meldestokk på 11 ulike steder i Europa og Nord-Amerika ble presentert.
Sammendrag
Det er ikke registrert sammendrag
Forfattere
Kirsten TørresenSammendrag
Virkning av klima om høsten på tilvekst av etablerte planter, gjenvekst fra rotbiter og frosttoleranse til rotbiter av kveke, åkertistel og åkerdylle fra prosjektet WINSUR ble presentert.
Sammendrag
available, especially in Norway. The objective of the present research was to estimate C losses from cultivated peatlands in West Norway by three independent methods: 1) long-term monitoring of subsidence rates, 2) changes in ash contents, and 3) soil CO2 flux measurements. Subsidence of cultivated peat soils averaged about 2.5 cm y-1. We estimated that peat loss and compaction were respectively responsible for 38% and 62% of the total subsidence during a 25-year period after drainage. Based on this estimate the corresponding C loss equals 0.80 kg C m-2 yr-1. The observed increase in mineral concentration of the topsoil of cultivated peat is proportional to their C loss, providing no mineral particles other than lime and fertilizers are added to the soil. Using this novel approach across 11 sites, we estimated a mean C loss of 0.86 kg C m-2 y-1. Soil CO2 flux measurements, corrected for autotrophic respiration, yielded a C loss estimate from cultivated peat soils of 0.60 kg C m-2 yr-1. The three methods yielded fairly similar estimates of C losses from Norwegian cultivated peatlands. Cultivated peatlands in Norway cover an estimated 63 000 ha. Total annual C losses from peat degradation were estimated to range between 1.8 and 2 million tons CO2 y-1, which equals about 3-4 % of total anthropogenic greenhouse gas emissions from Norway.
Forfattere
Marie-France Dignac Cornelia Rumpel Daniel Rasse Mercedes Mendez-Millan Haithem Bahri André MariottiSammendrag
Little is known on the relationship between the chemical composition and the dynamics of plant biomolecules in soils at the long-term scale. Chemical recalcitrance of specific molecules such as lignins has been proposed as a possible factor governing organic matter stabilization in soils. Other stabilization mechanisms, involving soil mineral constituents, may act differently on above- and belowground tissues of plants, leading to contrasting contributions of these tissues to soil organic matter (SOM). Cutins and suberins are present respectively in the aboveground and the belowground tissues of higher plants and can be used as biomarkers of the inputs of these plant tissues to soils. Using compound specific isotopic tracer techniques applied to agricultural lands converted from C3 plant to C4 plant cropping, we followed the molecular turnover of lignins, cutins and suberins in soils, in order to assess their specific residence times, and infer the contributions of above- and belowground tissues to SOM. We showed that lignin turnover in soil is faster than that of total organic carbon. We evidenced contrasting behaviour of lignin as well as cutin/suberin monomers on a molecular basis which may be related to their chemical nature, their position into the polymeric structure and to the plant tissue in which they are present. Therefore, we suggest that compound specific isotope measurements in combination with longterm field trials could lead is understanding of soil carbon stocks and fluxes on a molecular level.
Forfattere
Unni Abrahamsen Guro Brodal Oleif Elen Arne Hermansen Ragnhild Nærstad Arne Stensvand Venche Talgø Brita ToppeSammendrag
Det er ikke registrert sammendrag
Forfattere
Bert G Drake Tom Powell J. Li R. HinkleSammendrag
these water-gates in response to increased atmospheric CO2 mixing ratio"s, reduces transpiration under most laboratory and short term experimental conditions. Does this imply however, as atmospheric CO2 rises, and plant canopies expand, that evapo-transpiration (ETR), soil moisture content (SMC), and ecosystem water use efficiency (WUE) will increase? To test this question, field experiments have been and still are conducted using open top chambers. We have exposed native species in Florida Scrub to a carbon dioxide mixing ratio of nearly 700 ppmv CO2 for the past ten years and in Chesapeake Bay wetlands for 21 years. As a result of this treatment, in both ecosystems there was an increase in net ecosystem CO2 exchange and leaf area but a reduction of stomatal conductance, stem flow,
Forfattere
Dag-Ragnar BlystadSammendrag
Denne presentasjonen tok for seg situasjonen angående agurkgrønnmosaikkvirus i Norge - de fire, nye tilfellene i 2007 og bekjemelsestiltak. Det ble også orientert om det nye EU-prosjektet angående pepinomosaikkvirus - PEPEIRA . Norge ved Bioforsk har en rolle som partner i dette prosjektet.
Forfattere
Dag-Ragnar BlystadSammendrag
Foredraget fokuserte på nye funn av agurkgrønnmosaikkvirus i Norge i 2007. Viruset har ikke vært påvist siden 1983. Mulige smitteveier og aktuelle bekjempelsestiltak ble diskutert.