Publikasjoner
NIBIOs ansatte publiserer flere hundre vitenskapelige artikler og forskningsrapporter hvert år. Her finner du referanser og lenker til publikasjoner og andre forsknings- og formidlingsaktiviteter. Samlingen oppdateres løpende med både nytt og historisk materiale. For mer informasjon om NIBIOs publikasjoner, besøk NIBIOs bibliotek.
2006
Sammendrag
Eni Norge AS gjennomførte boring av letebrønn 7122/7-3 i desember 2005 på Goliatfeltet. Det ble tatt prøver over ristebord av borekaks, samt prøver av boreslam som referanse. Totalinnhold og vannløselig innhold av formiat, salter, metaller og organiske parametre (totalt organisk karbon, PAH, hydrokarboner C10-C40) ble bestemt. I tillegg til den kjemiske karakteriseringen ble økotoksikologiske tester med organismer fra vann og jord gjennomført. Undersøkelsene skal bedre beslutningsgrunnlaget når det gjelder behandlingsbehov for borekaks på land, disponeringsløsninger og miljørisikovurderinger. Det vannløselige innholdet av metaller, hydrokarboner og PAH er lavt i de fleste prøver og reduserer vanligvis ikke muligheten for deponering på deponier for inert avfall. Innholdet av totalt og vannløselig organisk karbon i borekaks er høyt i mange prøver og må reduseres før deponering. Prøven Havert 2350-2430m viste den høyeste toksisiteten både ved testing av eluat fra borekaks og ved innblanding i jord. Formiat er trolig den dominerende toksiske komponenten i eluatene. Effektene på spretthaler kan til dels forklares ved høy ledningsevne (innhold av salter) og høy pH. Observert effekt av borekaks fra Havert 2350-2430m kan imidlertid ikke forklares med bakgrunn i saltinnhold, pH, PAH eller hydrokarboninnhold.
Forfattere
Kirsty McKinnonSammendrag
Det er ikke registrert sammendrag
Sammendrag
Grøne blad og vakre, raude bær midt på vinteren har gjort kristtorn til eit populært innslag i julepyntinga. For at dette skal kunna halda fram, må det setjast i verk tiltak mot det omfattande bladfallet ein ser i klyppegrøntfelt og viltveksande kristtorn. Bladfallet ser hovudsakeleg ut til å skuldast aukande angrep av soppsjukdomar. Det kan vera fleire årsaker til meir soppsjukdomar, men i viltveksande kristtorn har det truleg samanheng med auka gjengroing pga. mindre beiting og lite stell av plantene. Spørsmålet er difor om stell og beiting med sau kan bøta på dette.
Forfattere
Rune Halvorsen Økland Harald Bratli Wenche E. Dramstad A. Edvardsen Gunnar Engan Wendy Fjellstad Einar Heegaard Oddvar Pedersen Heidi SolstadSammendrag
Knowledge of variation in vascular plant species richness and species composition in modern agricultural landscapes is important for appropriate biodiversity management. From species lists for 2201 land-type patches in 16 1-km2 plots five data sets differing in sampling-unit size from patch to plot were prepared.Variation in each data set was partitioned into seven sources: patch geometry, patch type, geographic location, plot affiliation, habitat diversity, ecological factors, and land-use intensity.Patch species richness was highly predictable (75% of variance explained) by patch area, within-patch heterogeneity and patch type. Plot species richness was, however, not predictable by any explanatory variable, most likely because all studied landscapes contained all main patch types ploughed land, woodland, grassland and other open land and hence had a large core of common species.Patch species composition was explained by variation along major environmental complex gradients but appeared nested to lower degrees in modern than in traditional agricultural landscapes because species-poor parts of the landscape do not contain well-defined subsets of the species pool of species-rich parts.Variation in species composition was scale dependent because the relative importance of specific complex gradients changed with increasing sampling-unit size, and because the amount of randomness in data sets decreased with increasing sampling-unit size. Our results indicate that broad landscape structural changes will have consequences for landscape-scale species richness that are hard or impossible to predict by simple surrogate variables.
Forfattere
Nils VagstadSammendrag
Det er ikke registrert sammendrag
Sammendrag
Minced samples of cliff-fish from saithe during cold storage at 4 °C have been analyzed with fluorescence spectroscopy, and the amount of thiobarbituric acid reactive substances (TBARS) and total amount of volatile nitrogen (TVN) have been measured. Partial least squares regression models have been built between the fluorescence spectra and the chemical measured TBARS and TVN values. Both models were evaluated using full cross validation and test set validation. The correlation between the fluorescence spectra and TVN was 91% and the correlation between the fluorescence spectra and the TBARS was 79%, both using test set validation. The work has showed that fluorescence spectroscopy can be used as a rapid and non-destructive method for measuring TBARS and TVN in minced samples of cliff-fish from saithe with a high degree of accuracy.
Sammendrag
In a preliminary experiment terminal stem cuttings (4 – 5 cm) were collected in the spring (May) from a wild population of lingonberry near Holt Research Center, Tromsø, Norway. The cuttings were rooted in peat mixed with 30% perlite with and without auxin treatment (Seradix 1 or Seradix 2: 3-indol-butyric-acid). The effect of dipping in a fungicide (Rovral) was also tested. With the best treatment, control without auxin and fungicide, as much as 66% of the cuttings rooted. Both dipping in Seradix and in the fungicide reduced rooting of the cuttings. To test the seasonal variations in rooting of lingonberry cuttings, terminal cuttings were harvested regularly every month in more than one year. The results indicate that a relatively short cold period is needed to induce bud break and shoot growth. Cuttings harvested during spring and summer rooted poorly compared to cuttings harvested in late autumn and during winter. The best rooting was obtained using cuttings harvested in September and November.
Forfattere
Trygve S. AamlidSammendrag
Denne veiledningsartikkelen, presentert på Norges Golfforbunds hjemmeside, gir råd om hvordan greenkeeperne skal stelle gresset foran og gjennom vinteren.
Forfattere
Nina HeibergSammendrag
Referat fra NJF seminar 391 ved Balsgård i Sverige. I mange av de nye vekstene det blir jobbet med i Norden, er det svært høyt innhold av stoffer som man tror kan gi helsegevinst. Artikkelen omhandler nye resultater fra undersøkelser med helsefremmende stoffer i bærvekster. Artikkelen omhandler i tillegg flere nye vekster som det har vært arbeidet med i Norden, blant annet nyper, tindved, eldkvede og vindruer. Interessen for dyrking er nye vekster er økende både i Norden og i de Baltiske land.
Forfattere
Tor Gunnar Vågen Keith D. Shepherd Markus G. WalshSammendrag
Sensing landscape level change in soil fertility following deforestation and conversion in the highlands of Madagascar using Vis-NIR spectroscopy. Research data on soil quality are scarce in Madagascar, despite the island"s widely recognized problems of soil and environmental degradation. One of the major constraints to properly assessing current status, trends and processes of soil degradation is the high level of costs involved when using conventional soil analytical methods. Previous studies have demonstrated that visible-near-infrared (Vis-NIR) reflectance spectroscopy may permit rapid and cost effective analysis of tropical soils that could provide new opportunities for farmers, land managers, local authorities and researchers in assessing and managing soil quality. This study tested the potential of Vis-NIR soil spectral libraries for predicting and mapping soil properties in the eastern highlands of Madagascar. Stable calibration models were developed for several key soil properties. Cross-validated r2 values were soil organic carbon (SOC), 0.94; total nitrogen (TN), 0.96; and cation exchange capacity (CEC), 0.80. A spectral soil fertility index (SFI) was developed based on ten commonly used agronomic indicators of soil fertility. SFI varied significantly with current and historic land use. The index was successfully calibrated to both soil reflectance measured in the laboratory ( p =0.003) and Landsat TM reflectance ( p =0.003), which permitted mapping of the index.