Publikasjoner
NIBIOs ansatte publiserer flere hundre vitenskapelige artikler og forskningsrapporter hvert år. Her finner du referanser og lenker til publikasjoner og andre forsknings- og formidlingsaktiviteter. Samlingen oppdateres løpende med både nytt og historisk materiale. For mer informasjon om NIBIOs publikasjoner, besøk NIBIOs bibliotek.
2010
Sammendrag
Coated wooden claddings in building facades are widely used in the Scandinavian countries, and are often preferred to other materials. Wood experience an increasing competition from other materials that are less labor intensive at the construction site and materials with less demand for maintenance thru service life, and makes further development of wooden claddings essential. Growth of discoloring moulds on exposed coated wooden claddings is mainly of aesthetic concern, and is especially disfiguring for light-colored surfaces. Growth of surface fungi often initiates repeated cleaning and shorter maintenance intervals, which in turn increase the total cost of ownership for wooden claddings. Cost and effort of ownership is often an important factor considered when choosing a product, and the traditionally good market situation for wooden claddings is therefore threatened. The development of real-time PCR (polymerase chain reaction) and taxon-specific primers has provided new possibilities for specific detection and quantification of fungi in their natural substrates. In qPCR (quantitative real-time PCR), the accumulation of the PCR product is detected for each amplification cycle. An efficient and reproducible sampling and extraction of DNA is required for a high-throughput qPCR based quantification of discoloring fungi. The authors have now adjusted DNA isolation protocols and optimized real-time PCR assays for species specific detection of fungi frequently found on painted surfaces (Aureobasidium pullulans, Alternaria alternata, Cladosporium cladosporides, Ulocladium atrum).
Sammendrag
Traditional wood preservatives based on biocides are effective against wood-deteriorating organisms because of their toxicity. By contrast, modified woods are non-toxic by definition. To investigate the efficiency of various wood modifications, quantitative real-time polymerase chain reaction (qPCR) was used to profile the DNA amounts of the white-rot fungus Trametes versicolor (L.) [Lloyd strain CTB 863 A] during an 8-week-long growth period in treated Pinus sylvestris (L.) sapwood. The studied wood was modified by acetylation, furfurylation, and thermal treatment. The traditional wood preservatives bis-(N-cyclohexyldiazeniumdioxy)-copper (Cu-HDO) and chromated copper arsenate (CCA) were used as references, whereas untreated P. sylvestris (L.) sapwood served as a control. The maximum levels of fungal DNA in native wood occurred at the end of the experiment. For all wood treatments, the maximum fungal DNA level was recorded after an incubation period of 2 weeks, followed by a decline until the end of the trial. For the preservative-treated woods, Cu-HDO showed the lowest level of fungal DNA throughout the experiment, indicating that exploratory hyphal growth is limited owing to the phytotoxicity of the treatment. The other treatments did not inhibit the exploratory hyphal growth phase. We conclude that qPCR studies of hyphal growth patterns within wood should provide a powerful tool for evaluating and further optimizing new wood protection systems.
Sammendrag
Det er ikke registrert sammendrag
Sammendrag
Det er ikke registrert sammendrag
Forfattere
Marie E. Olsson Karl-Erik Gustavsson Ingunn M. VågenSammendrag
Effects of heat treatment and storage on quercetin and isorhamnetin content, major and minor components of isorhamnetin and quercetin glucosides and aglycone, were investigated in onion (Allium cepa L.). The sweet onion ‘Recorra" and red onions ‘Hyred" and ‘Red Baron" were cultivated in the south part of Norway, and thereafter stored for eight months. The onions were either not field dried, but stored directly, or field dried and then stored, or field dried and then heat treated before storage. Neither storage nor heat treatment caused any major differences in total flavonol content in the investigated sweet onion as well as in the red onion cultivars. The two major quercetin glucosides differed in their changes in content during storage; quercetin-4¢-glucoside did not show any consistent changes during storage in the two red cultivars, independent of treatment, whereas quercetin-3,4¢-diglucoside increased significantly by 30 or 51 % respectively during storage in ‘Hyred" and ‘Red Baron" in the 24h heat treated onions. Isorhamnetin-4"-glucoside, which might possibly be of special interest from a human health point of view, was present at 2-3 times higher amount in the sweet onion cultivar than in the two red cultivars. Some of the quercetin glucosides present at lower concentrations, isorhamnetin-3,4"-diglucoside, quercetin-3,7,4"-triglucoside, and quercetin-7,4"-diglucoside increased during storage in all treatments in both ‘Hyred" and ‘Red Baron", though sometimes a decrease was found at the end of storage.
Forfattere
Gunhild BørtnesSammendrag
Det er ikke registrert sammendrag
Forfattere
Anne Kjersti Bakken Tor Lunnan Mats HøglindSammendrag
Der fleirårig raigras overvintrar godt, er ei raigrasbasert eng eit godt alternativ til timoteibasert eng. Raigras har høgare fôrkvalitet og toler hyppig hasuting betre enn timotei. I forsøk på Særheim på Jæren vart engtypane samanlikna, og raigrasenga gav betre utbytte, spesielt første engåret.
Forfattere
Lars Tørres HavstadSammendrag
Med bakgrunn i erfaringene fra denne forsøksserien anbefales det at førsteårs frøeng av raigras stubbes lavt og frøhalmen fjernes snarest mulig etter tresking. Når halmen fjernes har det så langt ikke vært nødvendig å høstgjødsle eller å fjerne gjenveksten senere om høsten/våren for å oppnå store avlinger året etter. Trolig har skuddtettheten om høsten vært tilstrekkelig til å opprettholde et høyt avlingsnivå også i andre engår uten ytterligere tilførsel av nitrogen om høsten. For dyrkere som ønsker å kombinere frøproduksjon og fôrproduksjon tyder derimot resultatene på at det ikke går ut over frøavlinga året etter om enga gjødsles med 4 kg N/daa like etter halmfjerning og fôrslåtten tas 25. september. Selv om avpussing av stubb og gjenvekst tidlig om våren hadde positiv virkning i ett av feltene må metoden prøves in flere forsøk før en eventuell anbefaling kan gis. Brenning av daumassen om våren bør i alle tilfeller unngås.
Sammendrag
Det er ikke registrert sammendrag
Forfattere
Margarita Novoa Garrido Birger Volden Harald VoldenSammendrag
To raisvingelsorter, Felina og Felopa, og timotei ble testet i et forsøk med okser. Bakgrunnen for forsøket er interessen for grasarter med gode overvintringsegenskaper, og som gir en god tilvekst og slaktekvalitet hos storfe. Ingen forskjell ble påvist på dyrenes produksjonsparametre.Les/last ned PDF av artikkel og presentasjon under "Les mer" til høyre.