Publikasjoner
NIBIOs ansatte publiserer flere hundre vitenskapelige artikler og forskningsrapporter hvert år. Her finner du referanser og lenker til publikasjoner og andre forsknings- og formidlingsaktiviteter. Samlingen oppdateres løpende med både nytt og historisk materiale. For mer informasjon om NIBIOs publikasjoner, besøk NIBIOs bibliotek.
2010
Forfattere
Arild Andersen Trond Hofsvang May Bente Brurberg Christer Magnusson Trond Rafoss Brita Toppe Anne Marte Tronsmo Bjørn Økland Leif SundheimSammendrag
Det er ikke registrert sammendrag
Forfattere
Arild Andersen Trond HofsvangSammendrag
Evaluering av risiko ved introduksjon av Liriomyza sativae til Norge Evaluation of risks by accidental introduction of Liriomyza sativae into Norway
Forfattere
Ulla Karlström Kalevi Sivinen Bodil Hamborg Jensen Lise Gunn Skretteberg Børge Holen Anders JanssonSammendrag
In order to cover more commodity/country-combinations, the Nordic countries (Finland, Sweden, Norway and Denmark) are co-operating in monitoring. In 2008 the countries agreed to monitor samples from Africa. Together the Nordic countries analyzed a total of 623 samples from 18 different countries. Most of the samples came from South Africa (249), followed by Egypt (129), Morocco (92) and Kenya (88). In total 45 different commodities were analyzed, oranges (162) being the largest group, followed by beans with pods (80) and table grapes (71). In the analytical scope 220 to 345 pesticides and metabolites were covered
Sammendrag
A research has been undertaken studying pesticide residues in water from greenhouses and the use of soils and filter materials to reduce such losses. The pesticides detected in water samples collected downstream greenhouses include 9 fungicides, 5 herbicides and 4 insecticides. 10 compounds from flower and vegetable productions were frequently found to exceed environmental risk levels, and with a few exceptions the compounds were found in higher concentrations than those typically found in agricultural runoff. Some compounds were found in high concentrations (.1mg/l) in undiluted runoff from greenhouses producing vegetables. Nutrient concentrations in the runoff were also sporadically very high, with phosphorous values varying between 0.85 and 7.4mgP/l, and nitrogen values between 7.5 and 41.4mgN/l. Undiluted runoff from the productions showed values of 60mgP/l and 300mgN/l. High values of pesticides correlated with high values of nutrients, especially P. Column experiments using a sandy agricultural soil and stock solutions of non-polar and slightly polar pesticides mixed with a complex binder and nutrients showed a significant reduction for nearly all of the compounds used, indicating that transport through soil will reduce the concentrations of the studied pesticides. The pesticide adsorption capacity of the filter materials pine bark, peat, Sphagnum moss, compost, oat straw, ferrous sand and clay soil were tested in batch and column experiments. Adsorption were studied contacting the filter materials with aqueous solutions containing greenhouse production pesticides. The batch experiments showed that pine bark and peat, both combining a high content of organic matter with a low ph, provided the highest adsorption for most of the tested pesticides. Sphagnum moss, compost and oat straw also showed high adsorption for most of the pesticides, while the mineral filters provided the lowest adsorption (30-55%). Further column experiments confirmed these results, displaying the best removal efficiency in the organic materials, varying from 200mg/g in compost, to 500mg/g in moss, straw and pine bark.
Forfattere
Line Meinert Rød Gro Hege LudvigsenSammendrag
Det ble i 2009 gjennomført prøvetaking av grunnvannsbrønner i 9 områder i Norge. Prosjektet er en videreføring fra 2007 og 2008 - og har som formål å kartlegge forekomst av pesticider i viktige norske grunnvannsforekomster i tilknytning til jordbruksarealer. I hvert område er en til seks brønner prøvetatt i 2009, totalt 30 brønner. Det ble påvist pesticider i åtte av de ni områdene hvor prøvetaking ble gjennomført. Resultatene fra prøvetakingen viser at det påvises pesticider i grunnvann i jordbruksområder, men at konsentrasjonene i de fleste brønner er lave. Resultatene fra enkeltbrønner viser at mange brønner har funn flere år på rad, mens noen brønner hadde påvisninger ett år, men ingen funn året etter. I seks prøver ble grenseverdien for pesticider i drikkevann overskredet i 2009. Prosjektet er finansiert over "Handlingsplanen for redusert risiko ved bruk av plantevernmiddel".
Forfattere
Karl ThunesSammendrag
Det er ikke registrert sammendrag
Forfattere
Eivind Vangdal Sigrid Flatland Rune SlimestadSammendrag
Due to positive health effects, the consumption of fruits and vegetables ought to increase in Norway. The content of coloured anthocyaninsand other phenoliccompounds with antioxidativeeffect are believed to be important in this matter. In previous reports the wide ranges in contents of important phenolicsin different plum cultivars were presented (Vangdal et al., 2007). This presentation include analyses of minor phenolicacids and flavonols, as well as some data on effects of fertilization and storage on phenolics.
Forfattere
Anne Falk ØgaardSammendrag
In catchments with sensitive water bodies it is of interest to improve P retention in the constructed wetlands by including P adsorbing filters in the end of the wetland. Construction of filters at the outlet of pipe drains is also a possible mitigation option. P retention in filters is expected to be a combined effect of retention of soil particles that is too small for sedimentation in the wetland and adsorption of dissolved P. Here, results from a laboratory study of adsorption of phosphate to four different materials of interest for use as filters in constructed wetlands are presented. The filter materials tested were Maxit Filtralite P, Kemira CFH-12, crushed lime stone and coral sand. In Kemira CFH-12, Fe is the active component (ferric hydroxide granules), whereas in the other three Ca is the active component. The laboratory experiment was performed with four different phosphate concentrations in the range from 50 to 500 µg P/L, three different contact times (30 min, 2h and 6h) and with 1 g filter material to 30 ml solution. The ferric hydroxide granules were superior the other filter materials. At 30 min contact time and 500 µg P/L 88 % of P was adsorbed, whereas at 6 h contact time 99 % of P was adsorbed. Crushed lime stone adsorbed less than 20 % of P in the 500 µg P/L solution. Filtralite P and coral sand showed quite similar ability to adsorb P. At 30 min contact time and 500 µg P/L 35-50 % of P was adsorbed, whereas at 6 h contact time 78-90 % of P was adsorbed.
Forfattere
Anne Falk ØgaardSammendrag
Det er ikke registrert sammendrag
Forfattere
Tor J. JohansenSammendrag
Det er ikke registrert sammendrag