Publikasjoner
NIBIOs ansatte publiserer flere hundre vitenskapelige artikler og forskningsrapporter hvert år. Her finner du referanser og lenker til publikasjoner og andre forsknings- og formidlingsaktiviteter. Samlingen oppdateres løpende med både nytt og historisk materiale. For mer informasjon om NIBIOs publikasjoner, besøk NIBIOs bibliotek.
2012
Forfattere
Marie L. Davey Einar Heegaard Rune Halvorsen Mikael Ohlson Håvard KauserudSammendrag
Bryophytes are a dominant vegetation component of the boreal forest, but little is known about their associated fungal communities, including seasonal variation within them.Seasonal variation in the fungal biomass and composition of fungal communities associated with three widespread boreal bryophytes was investigated using HPLC assays of ergosterol and amplicon pyrosequencing of the internal transcribed spacer 2 (ITS2) region of rDNA.The bryophyte phyllosphere community was dominated by Ascomycota. Fungal biomass did not decline appreciably in winter (P = 0.272). Significant host-specific patterns in seasonal variation of biomass were detected (P = 0.003). Although seasonal effects were not the primary factors structuring community composition, collection date significantly explained (P = 0.001) variation not attributed to locality, host, and tissue. Community homogenization and a reduction in turnover occurred with the onset of frost events and subzero air and soil temperatures. Fluctuations in the relative abundance of particular fungal groups seem to reflect the nature of their association with mosses, although conclusions are drawn with caution because of potential methodological bias.The moss-associated fungal community is dynamic, exhibiting seasonal turnover in composition and relative abundance of different fungal groups, and significant fungal biomass is present year-round, suggesting a winter-active fungal community.
Forfattere
Casper Claudi Rasmussen Erlend NybakkSammendrag
This study examines the relationship between customer orientation, innovativeness, autonomy, risk taking, growth willingness and growth in low technology micro-firms. A survey was sent to 3000 CEOs in the Norwegian wood industry and resulted in 514 usable respondents. Customer orientation, innovativeness, risk taking, autonomy and growth were conceptualized and analyzed as first order constructs using confirmatory factor analysis and OLS regression. The findings showed that customer orientation, innovativeness and autonomy have a significant impact on growth in micro-firms. The study found no support for interaction effects between innovativeness, autonomy, risk taking and customer orientation, however the interaction effect between customer orientation and autonomy was significant at the 10% level.
Forfattere
Carl Gunnar Fossdal Ari M. Hietala Igor A. Yakovlev Gustav Vaaje-Kolstad Emil Stefaczyk Halvor SolheimSammendrag
The GH61 represents the most enigmatic Glycoside Hydrolase Family (GH) regarding putative enzymatic activity and importance in cellulose degradation. Heterobasidion irregulare is a necrotizing pathogen and white rot fungus, causing enormous damages in conifer forests.The genome of H. irregulare allowed identification of ten HiGH61 genes. qRT-PCR analysis separate the HiGH61 members into two groups; one that show up regulation on lignocellulosic substrates and another that show either down regulation or constitutive expression. This grouping suggests that the fungus relates different sets of GH61s for different substrates, like in the various stages of necrotizing and saprophytic growth on the host.One HiGH61 showed up to 17000 fold increase on spruce heartwood suggesting a pivotal role in cellulose decomposition during saprophytic growth. Sequence analysis of these genes reveals that all GH61s but one possess the conserved metal binding motif predicted to be essential for activity.The sequences also divide into groups having either an insert near the N-terminus or an insert near the second catalytic histidine, which both may represent extensions of the substrate binding surface. Three HiGH61s encode cellulose-binding modules (CBM1), indicating direct targeting of crystalline cellulose, two being up regulated on pure cellulose.There was a common substrate-specific induction patterns of the HiGH61s with several reference cellulolytic and hemicellulolytic GHs, this taken together with their low levels on media lacking lignocellulose, reflect the concerted nature of cell wall polymer degradation.
Forfattere
Aksel GranhusSammendrag
Fra en fryktet undergang for snart 100 år siden er mengden skog i Norge i dag større enn noen sinne.
Forfattere
Lone Ross Gobakken Olav Albert HøibøSammendrag
The aesthetic service life of outdoor exposed wooden surfaces are often decided by growth of moulds and blue stain fungi, but also other visual changes caused by weathering such as colour changes, abrasion or wear, blistering, flaking, and even cracks in the wood or coating will contribute. When developing models that describe changes in the wood material and aim to predict the service life, it is essential to understand the impact of different climatic factors, the effect of variation in the wooden product itself and in the quality of craftsmanship and building design. The objective of this presentation is to gather knowledge about which factors influence surface mould growth on wood substrates in an outdoor environment. The analysis and the model development are based on data from evaluation of mould growth coverage on outdoors exposed wood panels consisting of different combinations of wood substrates and surface finishes from a number of field studies performed over the last years [1, 2, 3, 4, 5, 6 and 7].
Forfattere
Jan-Ole SkageSammendrag
Ved parkeringen til Hordnesmarka og innkjøringen til Stavollen idrettspark og Bjarghallen vokser det et lite, men flott bestand med japansk lerk. Lerken ble plantet i 1939 av ansatte ved Stend videregående skole. Feltet er blitt tynnet hele 8 ganger, mens veksten er blitt undersøkt 14 ganger av Skog og landskap på Fana i perioden 1951 til 2007. Det største treet var da ved 72 års alder hele 33,4 m høyt med en diameter på 46,4 cm. Tømmeret er både sterkt og varig, virket har derfor mange og gode bruksområder. Konglene er dekorative og kan brukes til pynting, blant annet som borddekor og i buketter.
Forfattere
Peder GjerdrumSammendrag
Sawmillers want to have predictable and homogeneous timber outcome from their industry. This paper analyses and discusses how well timber quality of boards from the same log, and in particular pairs of sister boards, correspond to each other, i.e. the limit for quality homogeneity.Observations from three different sawn timber outcome experiments were analysed. Varying quality traits were observed: appearance and machine strength grading, knot size and number, and board value.The results showed that 80% and 53% respectively, for two different samples, of the boards had different quality grade from their sister boards, and less homogeneity when more boards are sawn from the same log. The correlation between observations made in sister boards were modestly 0.42 for biggest green knot diameter, and almost absent for dry knots and other traits. Board value and machine strength are better correlated, 0.76 and 0.69, respectively.Relative pairwise difference for these parameters was found to follow the exponential distribution with mean 0.169 and 0.068, respectively. The results clearly indicate that there is no easy way achieving a consistent and pre-requested quality, at the same time avoiding an inherent portion of diverted quality boards.
Forfattere
Lars Sandved DalenSammendrag
Store deler av arealet i Husfjorden og Straumdalen er svært godt egnet til beite for sau.
Forfattere
Helmer BelboSammendrag
Avvirkningskostnaden per kubikkmeter har alltid vært, og er fortsatt, sterkt knyttet til størrelsen på treet. Tynningsoperasjoner lider generelt under denne sammenhengen; trærne er relativt små, uten at dette øker prestasjonen i antall trær per time eller senker timekostnadene på driftsapparatet nevneverdig. Energivirketynning med flertrehåndtering er en relativt ny hogstform i nordisk skogbruk som gir muligheter for å effektivisere tynningshogsten.
Forfattere
Hilde Olsen Åge A. NyborgSammendrag
God matjord er en knapp ressurs. For å verne om den må vi vite hvor den ligger. Nye kart fra Skog og landskap viser hvor vi finner de beste jordbruksarelene.