Publikasjoner
NIBIOs ansatte publiserer flere hundre vitenskapelige artikler og forskningsrapporter hvert år. Her finner du referanser og lenker til publikasjoner og andre forsknings- og formidlingsaktiviteter. Samlingen oppdateres løpende med både nytt og historisk materiale. For mer informasjon om NIBIOs publikasjoner, besøk NIBIOs bibliotek.
2025
Forfattere
Anne Linn HykkerudSammendrag
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Sammendrag
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Forfattere
Ellen ElverlandSammendrag
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Sammendrag
Introduction: The discovery of the methane-mitigating effect of the red seaweed Asparagopsis taxiformis has triggered a search for other seaweed species with similar effects. Brown seaweeds constitute the largest production volume of seaweeds in Europe. Some brown algae are known to inhibit methanogens and could potentially reduce enteric methane emissions. Use of by-products generated from industrial processing of plants are typically inedible for human consumption but well known as ruminant feeds. As fractions from Laminaria hyperborea showed significant reductions in methane emissions in vitro, a L. hyperborea by-product was chosen for an in vivo trial with sheep. The aim was to investigate the effect of L. hyperborea by-product inclusion in the diet of growing lambs on dry matter intake, methane emissions, growth rate and nitrogen digestibility. Methods: Twenty-four Norwegian White Sheep lambs (12 ewe and 12 male lambs, 4 months; 36.8 kg live weight) were fed a Control diet (grass silage and control concentrate) or an Algae diet (grass silage and algae concentrate 2% inclusion rate). Lambs were fed a basic diet (grass silage and neutral concentrate) and, in staggered order, introduced to their respective diets for five weeks before entering one of six open circuit respiration chambers. Methane production was measured for three consecutive days. All lambs entered the chambers three time (Periods 1, 2 and 3). Feed intake was measured four consecutive days a week, and live weight (kg) was measured every two weeks. Twelve male lambs were used to investigate in vivo nitrogen digestibility using metabolism crates. Results: The inclusion rate of L. hyperborea by-product was above the target and ended at 2.5% of DM. There was an increase in feed intake and live weight over the experimental period, consistent with the growth of the lambs. Methane production, yield, or intensity was not affected by diet, overall, but the Algae diet reduced methane in Period 1. Male lambs produced more methane than female lambs. Algae inclusion affected live weight negatively. Discusssion: It is concluded that use of L. hyperborea by-products as a feed additive to sheep needs further investigation due to inconclusive results in the present study.
Sammendrag
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Forfattere
Isabell EischeidSammendrag
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Forfattere
Gunhild Bødtker Claire Coutris Eva Marie-Louise Denison Åsa Frostegård Erik J. Joner Bjørn Tore Lunestad Elisabeth Henie Madslien Kaare Magne Nielsen Pål TrosvikSammendrag
In this self-tasking scoping review, VKM will map research about the environmental impacts of biodegradable plastics, including biodegradation rates and material persistence in different environments and geographical regions, the influence on microbial ecology and activity, and ecotoxicological effects of materials and associated chemical substances. Related to this is also research associated with the development of methodology, standards, environmental risk assessment, life cycle impact analyses, material sources and properties of biodegradable plastics and products. The aim is to 1) determine the extent of evidence summarised in reviews and original research papers within this emerging research area and 2) map the evidence according to the materials and chemicals studied, types of environments and geographical regions covered, the hypotheses addressed, the type of endpoints assessed and the reported key findings. Systematic literature searches will be performed to identify the summarised evidence, applying APRIO to develop a tailored search protocol that addresses the multi- and cross-disciplinary nature of the research area. We will select and map the identified publications applying Rayyan and sort them into three categories based on their main scientific focus and aim of study: 1) material properties and application, 2) biodegradation and microbial ecology, and 3) ecotoxicology. There will be no geographical restrictions on the search and study selection, but in the data charting process we will highlight findings relevant to Norway and other Nordic countries. The current project adheres to the “Preferred Reporting Items for Systematic Reviews and MetaAnalyses extension for Scoping Reviews (PRISMA-ScR) Checklist” for protocol development and reporting. We will address uncertainties associated with research studies applying EFSA guidelines and their generic list of common types of uncertainty affecting scientific studies and assessments.
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Sammendrag
Blandingsbestand av gran og furu kan bidra til å opprettholde og til og med øke produktiviteten i barskogbestand, spesielt på midlere boniteter og under utfordrende klimaforhold. Det er en av konklusjonene til artikkelforfatterne som har studert produktivitet og motstandsdyktighet i norske barblandingsskoger.