Publikasjoner
NIBIOs ansatte publiserer flere hundre vitenskapelige artikler og forskningsrapporter hvert år. Her finner du referanser og lenker til publikasjoner og andre forsknings- og formidlingsaktiviteter. Samlingen oppdateres løpende med både nytt og historisk materiale. For mer informasjon om NIBIOs publikasjoner, besøk NIBIOs bibliotek.
2008
Sammendrag
Rural communities in Norway have been under great economic stress in recent years. There has been an increasing debate about how to utilize the large potential in a growing tourism industry to promote rural employment and income. This study is based on the institutional view of innovation with a focus on institutions that are important for stimulating innovations. The objectives are: 1) to determine if networking is positively related to innovativeness and if innovativeness is positively related to performance in the nature-based tourism industry in Norway and 2) to develop an in-depth understanding of how different actors trigger a member of the industry to change, create, or otherwise innovate. An e-mail survey was conducted of companies across the country followed by a qualitative study in one Norwegian municipality. Results indicate that there is a positive connection between networking and innovativeness, and between innovativeness and performance. A qualitative case example illustrates the interaction among actors and the resulting impacts on the innovation process.
Sammendrag
Rural communities in Norway have been under great economic stress in recent years. There has been an increasing debate about how to utilize the large potential in a growing tourism industry to promote rural employment and income. This study is based on the institutional view of innovation with a focus on institutions that are important for stimulating innovations. The objectives are: 1) to determine if networking is positively related to innovativeness and if innovativeness is positively related to performance in the nature-based tourism industry in Norway and 2) to develop an in-depth understanding of how different actors trigger a member of the industry to change, create, or otherwise innovate. An email survey was conducted of companies across the country followed by a qualitative study in one Norwegian municipality. Results indicate that there is a positive connection between networking and innovativeness, and between innovativeness and performance. A qualitative case example illustrates the interaction among actors and the resulting impacts on the innovation process.
Forfattere
Leif Jarle AsheimSammendrag
This paper describes a stochastic linear programming model for farms with a milk and cattle meat production system. This model documentation is worked out using the farm account records for three family farms in Northern Norway. The model is built in Excel using the addin Simetar to analyze risks. The LP model maximizes farm gross margins but the fixed costs of each farm are subtracted in order to compute farm profit and risk in farm profit. Data for the 15 years from 19912005 from the farms and from the annual editions of the Handbook of farm planning (NILF, 2000) have been used as a basis for developing the stochastic variables. The following variables have been made stochastic: area and yield of green fodder, yields of leys and pastures, yield of milk per cow, meat price, milk price, fuel costs and costs of concentrate feed. The rate of interest is also made stochastic. In the model the rate of interest is affecting the risk in farm profit through the fixed costs. Emphasize has been given to build a flexible model allowing for examining effects of changes in several ways e.g. length of grazing period, calving time, or harvesting method for grass. The milk production is restricted by a farm specific milk quota, but otherwise the farming intensity is varied as farmers may choose selling e.g. small calves or up to two years old castrates with extensive use of pasture. Updating the model with data for another year is facilitated by defining prices for one year at a time and by cell referencing all variables. The records may be replaced with records for family farms with similar production systems in other areas in the country. The production is based on grass and pasture roughage. Dairy farms in more central areas also produce cereals, grain and oilseeds and the model has to be developed further for such farms. The model will be used to carry out different farm economics analysis for Norwegian family farms combining milk and cattle meat production in production systems involving extensive use of pasture.
Sammendrag
NILF legger med dette notatet fram sin andre noe bredere analyse av driftsøkonomien i samdriftene i norsk melkeproduksjon. I notatet presenterer vi resultater fra en undersøkelse av samdrifter for regnskapsåret 2006. Vi ser også på hvordan samdriftene er organisert og i et eget vedlegg på hvordan regnskapsførere ser på aktuelle problemstillinger i melkesamdrifter. Hovedvekten er likevel lagt på å presentere informasjon om innsats og utbytte i samdriftene. Spørsmålet er hvor godt resultat samdriftene oppnår sammenlignet med andre melkebruk. Samdrift i melkeproduksjon er definert som samarbeid om felles melkeproduksjon på helårsbasis. Før oppstart må det søkes om godkjenning hos Statens landbruksforvaltning som har ansvaret for kvoteordningen for melk. Det er tidligere gjort lite for å få oversikt over de økonomiske forhold på samdriftsbruk. Det som er gjort, er i hovedsak spørreundersøkelser hos samdriftsdeltakere hvor det ble spurt om forhold knytte til samdrift og melkeproduksjon, men hvor den økonomiske situasjonen ikke ble berørt. I den grad økonomien er belyst, er dette oftest basert på kalkyler. […]
Sammendrag
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Forfattere
Geir Wæhler GustavsenSammendrag
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Forfattere
Geir Wæhler GustavsenSammendrag
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Sammendrag
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