Publikasjoner
NIBIOs ansatte publiserer flere hundre vitenskapelige artikler og forskningsrapporter hvert år. Her finner du referanser og lenker til publikasjoner og andre forsknings- og formidlingsaktiviteter. Samlingen oppdateres løpende med både nytt og historisk materiale. For mer informasjon om NIBIOs publikasjoner, besøk NIBIOs bibliotek.
2000
Forfattere
V.R. Nsolomo Halvor Solheim Kåre Olav VennSammendrag
Det er ikke registrert sammendrag
Forfattere
V.R. Nsolomo Halvor Solheim Kåre Olav VennSammendrag
Det er ikke registrert sammendrag
Forfattere
P.C. Evensen Halvor Solheim Klaus Høiland J. StenersenSammendrag
Three clones of Norway spruce (Picea abies) were studied for their response to mass-inoculation with the blue-stain fungus Ceratocystis polonica. The effect of different pretreatments (fungal inoculation and wounding) before mass-inoculation was investigated for their possible role in an acquired resistance reaction.Pretreated trees showed enhanced resistance to the subsequent mass-inoculation relative to control trees that received no pretreatment. Furthermore, the fungal colonization of inoculated trees was less than that of wounded trees. The phenolic content of the bark, analysed by RP-HPLC, was compared in trees receiving different treatments.Trees inoculated with C. polonica had higher average concentration of ()-catechin, taxifolin and trans-resveratrol than wounded trees. Both inoculated and wounded trees had higher average concentrations of these compounds than control trees.The effect of the phenolic extract of Norway spruce bark on the growth of the root rot fungus Heterobasidion annosum and the blue-stain fungi C. polonica and Ophiostoma penicillatum were investigated in vitro. Heterobasidion annosum was not negatively affected, and the extracts had fungistatic effects on the blue-stain fungi. The growth of O. penicillatum was more inhibited than the growth of the more aggressive C. polonica.
Forfattere
Sverre KobroSammendrag
Det er ikke registrert sammendrag
Forfattere
Maria HerreroSammendrag
Det er ikke registrert sammendrag
Forfattere
Christer Magnusson Bonsak HammeraasSammendrag
Den nordlige rotgallnematoden, Meloidogyne hapla, er så langt påvist på friland i Vestfold, Aust-Agder og Rogaland, men bør ha mulighet til å etablere seg i hvert fall opp til og med Nord-Trøndelag. Nematoden lever parasittisk i røttene på et stort antall plantearter, inkludert de fleste grønnsaker. Skader i gulrotsåkre har vist redusert vekst eller total utgang av kulturveksten. Gulrøttene kan bli misdannet, avstumpet, og danne flere spisser. Galler finnes både på hovedroten og siderøttene. I kepaløk er skade registrert som flekkvis redusert vekst. Skadeterskelen for gulrot og kepaløk er under l egg pr. gram jord. Gulrot er mer følsom enn kepaløk på grunn av både kvantitets- og kvalitetsreduksjon. Mens de fleste grønnsaker er gode vertsplanter, og dessuten følsomme for angrep av M. hapla, kan de fleste korn og grasarter karaktriseres som ikke-vertsplanter. Tilsåing med korn og gras kan derfor redusere smittenivået. Dette krever imidlertid et nøye ugrasrenhold da M. hapla er kjent for å angripe over 50 vanlige arter av ugras. De påvisninger som er gjort i de senere år kan indikere en begynnende spredning på frilandsarealer. Man bør være observant ovenfor denne nematoden i årene fremover slik at spredning og skadeomfang kan holdes under kontroll.
Forfattere
Sverre KobroSammendrag
Rognebærmøll har vært et problem i flere danske hager siste år. Sannsynlighet for angrep i inneværende sesong diskuteres.
Rapport – Scientific co-operation CATIE/MIP and Norwegian institutions
Leif Sundheim, Trond Hofsvang
Forfattere
Leif Sundheim Trond HofsvangSammendrag
Det er ikke registrert sammendrag
Forfattere
Halvor SolheimSammendrag
Det er ikke registrert sammendrag
Forfattere
Christer Magnusson Bonsak Hammeraas Jan Netland Annette Folkedal SchjøllSammendrag
The VEAS-Biosolids are intended as fertilizers and soil improvers in agriculture. The Norwegian legislation requires that material applied to agricultural land should pose no threat to human, animal and plant health. This may include freedom from infective plant pathogens of certain species, and specified limits for the occurrence of viable seeds of weeds. In the present study, the sanitation efficacy for potato cyst nematode (PCN), Globodera rostochiensis (Ro1) and wild oat, Avena fatua, is evaluated for the VEAS combined thermal filter press and vacuum dryer, which is the final step in the production of VEAS-Biosolids at the VEAS sewage sludge industrial plant. Germ carriers, each carrying 3 nylon bags with 20 nematode cysts and one bag with 100 seeds of wild oat, were placed in 3 filter presses at the VEAS plant. The germ carriers for in-process testing and the non-exposed process control germ carriers were either pre-exposed to sludge or kept dry before the test run. During this test, the pathogens were exposed to temperatures of 78-81 oC for 145 minutes and pressure variations between 4,5 and -0,92 bar. After completion of the test the germ carriers were removed, and the survival of PCN and wild oat seeds was investigated in the laboratory. The vitality of PCN was studied by recording the hatching of juveniles, by vitality staining of cyst contents with New Blue R, and by recording the development of new cysts on a susceptible potato cultivar. The viability of wild oat examined by tetrazolium test. Under the conditions of present test run and according to the vitality tests performed, the combined thermal filter press and vacuum dryer of the VEAS industrial plant had a 100% efficacy in the sanitation of PCN and wild oat. For both organisms a 4 days pre-exposure to sludge seemed to reduce vitality and viability. The mechanism of sanitation may rely on an interaction between sludge toxicity, temperature and pressure changes. Under the conditions of the test run the VEAS combined thermal filter press and vacuum dryer was reliable in eradicating PCN and wild oat.