Publikasjoner
NIBIOs ansatte publiserer flere hundre vitenskapelige artikler og forskningsrapporter hvert år. Her finner du referanser og lenker til publikasjoner og andre forsknings- og formidlingsaktiviteter. Samlingen oppdateres løpende med både nytt og historisk materiale. For mer informasjon om NIBIOs publikasjoner, besøk NIBIOs bibliotek.
2009
Forfattere
Nadeem Yaqoob Carl Gunnar Fossdal Jan Karlsson Benedicte Riber Albrectsen Halvor SolheimSammendrag
Due to the great economic losses caused by the root and butt-rot pathogen Heterobasidion annosum, development of efficient control measures is warranted. H. annosum a necrotroph colonize the Norway spruce from inside and is responsible for 100s of millions of Euros losses annually. Considerable clonal variation has been recorded for Norway spruce in resistance towards H. annosum, but the defence mechanisms contributing to host resistance against both necrotrophic and biotrophic fungi remain poorly understood. The recent genome sequencing of Populus has made the genus a model to facilitate tree genetics. Genome-wide transcript profiling of Populus tremula upon pathogen attack will now be used, and homologues of Norway spruce genes to defence genes up-regulated in Populus will be identified. Two aspen clones (23 and 72) from the SwAsp collection (Luquez 2007) were used in the present study. Plants were propagated from tissue culture and kept in greenhouse under un-manipulated conditions. To study the host defence mechanisms, the rust (Melampsora magnusiana Wagner) and a bluestain fungus were used as a biotrophic and necrotrophic fungus respectively. Melampsora spores solution was applied to the underside of the leaf. To control for sectoriality six leaves were infected on each plant. To ensure high humidity and avoid cross contamination, plastic bags were wrapped around infected leaves. Leaves above infected leaves (10, 9, and 8) were harvested respectively 1, 3 and 14 days after inoculation. Initial results from microarray data indicate a clear separation between two Aspen clone (23 and 72) lines. For line 23 the response to biotroph and necrotroph seems to be similar. Whereas the response for line 72 is divergent for the treatments as they go in opposite direction. The controls show that there is an initial difference in the 2 lines (controls are separated). What are the genes that make biotrohic and necrotrophic treatment of 72 look so different will be worked out from microarray data. Differential expression of defense genes in biotrohic and necrotrophic treatment will be verified further with quantitative real time PCR. Chemical analysis of Aspen leaves gave less phenolic compounds as plants were kept in greenhouse. HPLC will be carried out after reaching some conclusion from microarray data analysis.
Forfattere
Åke Olson Mikael Brandström Kajsa Himmelstrand Mårten Lind Magnus Karlsson K. Lunden Kerstin Dalman Heriberto Vélëz Björn Canbäck Francis Martin Halvor Solheim Carl Gunnar Fossdal Pierre Rouzé Yao-Cheng Lin Matteo Garbelotto Ursula Kües Igor V. Grigoriev Andrea Aerts Erika Lindquist Jeremy Schmutz Jan StenlidSammendrag
The genome sequence of the conifer rot root pathogen Heterobasidion annosum was generated at JGI with 8.23 X coverage. The nuclear genome assembles in 39 scaffolds of total 33.7 Mbp estimated to cover 98.1% of the complete genome. We predicted 12,270 genes with an average length of 1,617 bp and exon number and length of 5.54 and 250 bp respectively. About 50% (5999) of the predicted genes could be validated by EST support with the 40,807 EST´s generated with in the project. The genome has a GC content of 52.0% and very little repetitive sequences with 2,895 SSR per mega base. The physical genome is congruent with the genetic linkage map, and most of the linkage groups have been possible to anchor to the 18 largest scaffolds.
Sammendrag
Det er ikke registrert sammendrag
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Forfattere
Kjell Andreassen Volkmar Timmermann Nicholas Clarke Halvor Solheim Ingvald Røsberg Wenche AasSammendrag
Det er ikke registrert sammendrag
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Det er ikke registrert sammendrag
Sammendrag
Juletrenæringen er i sterk vekst i Norge og utviklingen går mot stadig mer profesjonell produksjon. Gode resultater har gjort at norske juletrær etterspørres i Europa. Eksporten har økt de siste årene og var på anslagsvis 70 000 trær i 2008. Det er viktig å bistå en vekstnæring med å opprettholde produksjonen på et høyt nivå. Forskning på aktuelle problemstillinger er avgjørende.
Sammendrag
Bipolaris sorokiniana, som forårsaker Bipolaris-brunflekk, har i økende grad blitt registrert i såkorn av bygg i Norge de seinere årene. Særlig sortene Edel og Annabell har høye angrep. Forsøk viser at såkornsmitte av denne sjukdommen kan forårsake redusert oppspiring i felt og betydelige avlingstap og at beising med kjemiske midler har god effekt.
Sammendrag
De senere årene er det registrert økt forekomst av sopparten Fusarium graminearum i norskprodusert korn. F. graminearum produserer blant annet soppgiften deoksynivalenol (DON). Korn høstet fra angrepne planter kan derfor være uegnet til mat og fôr.