Publikasjoner
NIBIOs ansatte publiserer flere hundre vitenskapelige artikler og forskningsrapporter hvert år. Her finner du referanser og lenker til publikasjoner og andre forsknings- og formidlingsaktiviteter. Samlingen oppdateres løpende med både nytt og historisk materiale. For mer informasjon om NIBIOs publikasjoner, besøk NIBIOs bibliotek.
2018
Sammendrag
Det er ikke registrert sammendrag
Sammendrag
Sommeren 2017 ble det samlet 100 bladprøver fra norske jordbærfelt plantet i perioden 2015-2017 med importert plantemateriale, for å lete etter liten jordbærbladlus (Chaetosiphon fragaefolii). Denne bladlusarten er på grunn av sin rolle som virusvektor forbudt å introdusere og spre i Norge. Den er ikke tidligere funnet på jordbær i Norge. Den ble heller ikke funnet i denne undersøkelsen, der til sammen 10 000 blader ble undersøkt.
Forfattere
Marianne StenrødSammendrag
I 2016 ble det til sammen brukt 41 ulike aktive stoffer av plantevernmidler i nedbørfeltet. Det ble påvist 18 ulike midler i bekkevannet, og det var funn i alle de 10 analyserte prøvene. Flere midler, både ugras-, sopp- og skadedyr-midler, ble påvist gjennom store deler av sesongen. Tre midler som brukes i potetdyrking (metribuzin, imidakloprid, propamokarb) ble påvist i konsentrasjoner som kan ha negative effekter i vannmiljø (over MF-verdi). Potet- og grønnsakarealet ble kraftig redusert fra 56 % i 2008 til ca. 36 % i 2009, og har siden holdt seg på i gjennomsnitt 30 %. Det var lite nedbør og avrenning totalt i perioden, men august hadde mer nedbør og avrenning enn middel for foregående år. Det ble også vannet i deler av feltet i mai–juli.
Forfattere
Marianne StenrødSammendrag
Det er ikke registrert sammendrag
Forfattere
Marianne StenrødSammendrag
Det er ikke registrert sammendrag
Forfattere
Fernanda de Cássia Neves Esteca Luis Rodrigues Italo Delalibera Júnior Ingeborg Klingen Gilberto J. de MoraesSammendrag
Det er ikke registrert sammendrag
Sammendrag
We investigated the ability of the fungal entomopathogen Beauveria bassiana strain GHA to endophytically colonize sugarcane (Saccharum officinarum) and its impact on plant growth. We used foliar spray, stem injection, and soil drench inoculation methods. All three inoculation methods resulted in B. bassiana colonizing sugarcane tissues. Extent of fungal colonization differed significantly with inoculation method (χ2 = 20.112, d. f. = 2, p < 0.001), and stem injection showed the highest colonization level followed by foliar spray and root drench. Extent of fungal colonization differed significantly with plant part (χ2 = 33.072, d. f. = 5, p < 0.001); stem injection resulted in B. bassiana colonization of the stem and to some extent leaves; foliar spray resulted in colonization of leaves and to some extent, the stem; and soil drench resulted in colonization of roots and to some extent the stem. Irrespective of inoculation method, B. bassiana colonization was 2.8 times lower at 14–16 d post inoculation (DPI) than at 7–10 DPI (p = 0.020). Spraying leaves and drenching the soil with B. bassiana significantly (p = 0.01) enhanced numbers of sett roots. This study demonstrates for the first time that B. bassiana can endophytically colonize sugarcane plants and enhance the root sett and it provides a starting point for exploring the use of this fungus as an endophyte in management of sugarcane pests.
Forfattere
Ingeborg KlingenSammendrag
Det er ikke registrert sammendrag
Forfattere
Ingeborg KlingenSammendrag
Det er ikke registrert sammendrag
Forfattere
Fernanda de Cássia Neves Esteca Luis Rodolfo Rodrigues Gilberto José de Moraes Italo, Júnior Delalibera Ingeborg KlingenSammendrag
Mulching of soil beds of strawberry fields is usually done with polyethylene film in southern Minas Gerais state, Brazil. This material is relatively expensive and difficult to discard after use. In some countries, mulching is done with the use of organic material that could have an advantage over the use of plastic for its easier degradation after use, and for favoring edaphic beneficial organisms. Predatory mites (especially Gamasina, Mesostigmata) may be abundant in the soil and could conceivably move to the soil surface and onto the short-growing strawberry plants at night, helping in the control or pest arthropods. The two-spotted spider mite, Tetranychus urticae Koch, is considered an important strawberry pest in that region, where the fungus Neozygites floridana (Weiser and Muma) has been found to infect it. Different mulching types could affect the incidence of this pathogen. Dehydrated coffee husk and pulp (DCHP) is a byproduct readily available in southern Minas Gerais, where could be used as organic mulching in strawberry beds. The temporary contact of that material with the soil of a patch of natural vegetation could facilitate its colonization by edaphic predatory mites helpful in the control of strawberry pests. The objective of this work was to study the effect of mulching type on the population dynamics of the two-spotted spider mite, associate mites and N. floridana, in a greenhouse and in the field. The use of DCHP increased the number of edaphic Gamasina on strawberry plants—Proctolaelaps pygmaeus (Müller) (Melicharidae) and Blattisocius dentriticus (Berlese) (Blattisociidae) were observed on strawberry leaflets, mainly in nocturnal samplings, indicating their possible daily migration from soil to plants. Lower levels of two-spotted spider mite occurred on plants from pots or soil beds mulched with DCHP instead of polyethylene film, possibly because of the slightly higher levels of mites of the family Phytoseiidae and infection by N. floridana. Adding DCHP onto the floor of natural vegetation did not result in higher diversity or levels of gamasine mites on DCHP. Complementary studies should be conducted to find ways to increase diversity and density of those organisms in strawberry beds, in an attempt to improve biological control of strawberry pests. The decision to use DCHP for mulching should also take into account other factors such as strawberry yield, costs and efficiency of weed management, to be evaluated in subsequent studies.