Publikasjoner
NIBIOs ansatte publiserer flere hundre vitenskapelige artikler og forskningsrapporter hvert år. Her finner du referanser og lenker til publikasjoner og andre forsknings- og formidlingsaktiviteter. Samlingen oppdateres løpende med både nytt og historisk materiale. For mer informasjon om NIBIOs publikasjoner, besøk NIBIOs bibliotek.
2005
Sammendrag
Spring barley was grown for four years (2001-2004) in field trials consisting of 20 replicate blocks at two sites on morainic soil in central SE Norway. Five N level treatments were used within each block: 0, 60, 90, 120 and 150 kg N ha-1. Regression analyses showed that a selection of soil properties could explain 55-96% of the spatial yield variation and 18-91% of the variation in yield response to N. A variable-rate strategy, accounting for variation between both years and replicate blocks (VRs+t), was compared with a strategy, which accounted for variation between years, and a uniform strategy, which did not account for any variation. The VRs+t strategy had the highest potential yield, apparent fertilizer recovery and net revenue (yield value minus N cost). Using the VRs+t strategy, even at sub-optimal N rates, would increase the profit of barley cropping as long as the increase in net revenue was at least 24 and 42% of the estimated potentials, respectively.
Sammendrag
Bygg ble dyrket over fire år (2001-2004) i to feltforsøk på morenejord. Feltene var 160 m lange, hadde 20 gjentak, og ble plassert slik at jordvariasjonen ble størst mulig på langs av forsøksblokkene. Innenfor hvert gjentak var det fem ulike nitrogennivå: 0, 6, 9, 12 og 15 kg N/daa. Regresjonsanalyse viste at et utvalg jordegenskaper kunne forklare 55-96 % av avlingsvariasjonen og 18-91 % av variasjonen i avlingsutslag for N-gjødsel innenfor feltene (romlig variasjon). En strategi med varierende gjødslingsmengde, som tar hensyn til både romlig variasjon og variasjon mellom år (Vr+å), ble sammenlignet med en strategi som bare tar hensyn til årsvariasjonen, og en strategi med lik gjødsling (12 kg N/daa) over hele arealet hvert år. Strategien Vr+å hadde høyest avlingspotensial, N-utnyttingsgrad og dekningsbidrag (avlingsverdi minus N-kostnad). Når kostnaden forbundet med varierende N-tildeling også tas med i kalkylen, ville en i praksis måtte oppnå minst 24 og 42 % av det estimerte økonomiske potensialet for å få økt lønnsomhet.
Sammendrag
Det er ikke registrert sammendrag
Sammendrag
Det er ikke registrert sammendrag
Sammendrag
This study was conducted to explore organic and conventional dairy farmers' perceptions of risk and risk management, and to examine relationships between farm and farmer characteristics, risk perceptions, and strategies. The data originate from a survey of conventional (n=363) and organic (n=162) dairy farmers in Norway. Organic farmers had the least risk averse perceptions. Institutional and production risks were perceived as primary sources of risk, with farm support payments at the top. Compared to their conventional colleagues, organic farmers gave more weight to institutional factors related to their production systems. Conventional farmers were more concerned about costs of purchased inputs and animal welfare policy. Organic and conventional farmers' management responses were more similar than their risk perceptions. Financial measures such as liquidity and costs of production, disease prevention, and insurance were perceived as important ways to handle risk. Even though perceptions were highly farmer-specific, a number of socio-economic variables were found to be related to risk and risk management. The primary role of institutional risks implies that policy makers should be cautious about changing policy capriciously and they should consider the scope for strategic policy initiatives that give farmers some greater confidence about the longer term. Further, researchers should pay more attention to institutional risks. (c) 2004 Elsevier B.V. All rights reserved.
Sammendrag
About eighteen percent of the conventional dairy and cash crop farmers in Norway are considering to, and four percent are planning to convert to organic farming during the next five years. These two farmer groups can be considered as the potential for conversion to organic farming in Norway. In a questionnaire survey, this group rated attitudes on organic and conventional farming more similar to organic farmers than other conventional farmers did. For farmers considering or planning to convert, additional organic farming payments, organic farming laws and regulations and price premiums for organic products were more important sources of risk than for other conventional farmers. Most of these mentioned factors are influenced by agricultural policies, which thus represent an important factor for farmers? decision regarding the conversion to organic farming.
Sammendrag
Animal health and health handling were studied in organic dairy farms separated into three groups according to time of conversion. The study showed differences in both health and health handling between the groups and especially so for the earliest converters.
Sammendrag
Animal health and health handling were studied in organic dairy farms separated into three groups according to time of conversion. The study showed differences in both health and health handling between the groups and especially so for the earliest converters.
Sammendrag
About 18% of the conventional dairy and cash crop farmers in Norway are considering to, and 4% are planning to convert to organic farming during the next five years. ...
Sammendrag
About 18% of the conventional dairy and cash crop farmers in Norway are considering to, and 4% are planning to convert to organic farming during the next five years. ...