Publikasjoner
NIBIOs ansatte publiserer flere hundre vitenskapelige artikler og forskningsrapporter hvert år. Her finner du referanser og lenker til publikasjoner og andre forsknings- og formidlingsaktiviteter. Samlingen oppdateres løpende med både nytt og historisk materiale. For mer informasjon om NIBIOs publikasjoner, besøk NIBIOs bibliotek.
2017
Forfattere
Luis Samaniego Rohini Kumar Stephan Thober Oldrich Rakovec Matthias Zink Niko Wanders Stephanie Eisner Hannes Müller Schmied Edwin Sutanudjaja Kirsten Warrach-Sagi Sabine AttingerSammendrag
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Sammendrag
The extractive content of inner and outer heartwood of nine Scots pine trees from three different stands in Norway was determined by automated solvent extraction and biological screening tests were performed using basidiomycetes. The evaluation of mass spectra by means of a NIST library search shows that in the petroleum ether extracts α-pinene and carene as well as terpinene and cadinene derivatives are the main extractives found in both inner and outer heartwood. In the inner heartwood, however, these substance groups were found in lower quantities. These substances mainly have a hydrophobic effect. The screening tests indicate that also extractive-rich heartwood is extremely degraded by Poria placenta which corresponds to the analytical results of the petroleum ether extracts.
Forfattere
Jogeir N. StoklandSammendrag
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Forfattere
Kris Verheyen Pieter De Frenne Lander Baeten Donald M. Waller Radim Hédl Michael P. Perring Haben Blondeel Jörg Brunet Markéta Chudomelová Guillaume Decocq Emiel De Lombaerde Leen Depauw Thomas Dirnböck Tomasz Durak Ove Eriksson Frank S. Gilliam Thilo Heinken Steffi Heinrichs Martin Hermy Bogdan Jaroszewicz Michael A. Jenkins Sarah E. Johnson Keith J. Kirby Martin Kopecký Dries Landuyt Jonathan Lenoir Daijiang Li Martin Macek Sybryn L. Maes František Máliš Fraser J.G. Mitchell Tobias Naaf George Peterken Petr Petřík Kamila Reczyńska David A Rogers Fride Høistad Schei Wolfgang Schmidt Tibor Standovár Krzysztof Świerkosz Karol Ujházy Hans Van Calster Mark Vellend Ondřej Vild Kerry Woods Monika Wulf Markus Bernhardt-RömermannSammendrag
More and more ecologists have started to resurvey communities sampled in earlier decades to determine long-term shifts in community composition and infer the likely drivers of the ecological changes observed. However, to assess the relative importance of and interactions among multiple drivers, joint analyses of resurvey data from many regions spanning large environmental gradients are needed. In this article, we illustrate how combining resurvey data from multiple regions can increase the likelihood of driver orthogonality within the design and show that repeatedly surveying across multiple regions provides higher representativeness and comprehensiveness, allowing us to answer more completely a broader range of questions. We provide general guidelines to aid the implementation of multiregion resurvey databases. In so doing, we aim to encourage resurvey database development across other community types and biomes to advance global environmental change research.
Forfattere
Fride Høistad ScheiSammendrag
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Sammendrag
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Successional dynamics in plant community assembly may result from both deterministic and stochastic ecological processes. The relative importance of different ecological processes is expected to vary over the successional sequence, between different plant functional groups, and with the disturbance levels and land-use management regimes of the successional systems. We evaluate the relative importance of stochastic and deterministic processes in bryophyte and vascular plant community assembly after fire in grazed and ungrazed anthropogenic coastal heathlands in Northern Europe. A replicated series of post-fire successions (n = 12) were initiated under grazed and ungrazed conditions, and vegetation data were recorded in permanent plots over 13 years. We used redundancy analysis (RDA) to test for deterministic successional patterns in species composition repeated across the replicate successional series and analyses of co-occurrence to evaluate to what extent species respond synchronously along the successional gradient. Change in species co-occurrences over succession indicates stochastic successional dynamics at the species level (i.e., species equivalence), whereas constancy in co-occurrence indicates deterministic dynamics (successional niche differentiation). The RDA shows high and deterministic vascular plant community compositional change, especially early in succession. Co-occurrence analyses indicate stochastic species-level dynamics the first two years, which then give way to more deterministic replacements. Grazed and ungrazed successions are similar, but the early stage stochasticity is higher in ungrazed areas. Bryophyte communities in ungrazed successions resemble vascular plant communities. In contrast, bryophytes in grazed successions showed consistently high stochasticity and low determinism in both community composition and species co-occurrence. In conclusion, stochastic and individualistic species responses early in succession give way to more niche-driven dynamics in later successional stages. Grazing reduces predictability in both successional trends and species-level dynamics, especially in plant functional groups that are not well adapted to disturbance. bryophytes; burning; Calluna vulgaris; coexistence; conservation management; determinism; disturbance; grazing; heathland; randomization test; stochasticity; vascular plants.
Forfattere
Patryk Czortek Amy Eycott John-Arvid Grytnes Jutta Kapfer Anna Delimat Bogdan JaroszewiczSammendrag
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