Publikasjoner
NIBIOs ansatte publiserer flere hundre vitenskapelige artikler og forskningsrapporter hvert år. Her finner du referanser og lenker til publikasjoner og andre forsknings- og formidlingsaktiviteter. Samlingen oppdateres løpende med både nytt og historisk materiale. For mer informasjon om NIBIOs publikasjoner, besøk NIBIOs bibliotek.
2025
Forfattere
Payel Bhattacharjee Mari Talgø Syvertsen Igor A. Yakovlev Torgeir Rhoden Hvidsten Torstein Tengs Mallikarjuna Rao Kovi Marcos Viejo Carl Gunnar Fossdal Jorunn Elisabeth OlsenSammendrag
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Forfattere
Zahra Bitarafan Melissa Magerøy Rafael de Andrade Moral Najmeh Salehan Kristian Schmidt Nielsen Christian AndreasenSammendrag
Atmospheric CO2 concentrations and temperatures have significantly increased, accompanied by substantial changes in precipitation patterns. These changes are anticipated to intensify in the future. In Nordic regions, increasing temperatures can improve growing conditions for some crops by extending the growing season and expanding cultivation northward. Climate changes may also favour some weed species, potentially reducing crop yield and affecting herbicide efficacy. To assess glyphosate efficacy under future climate conditions, we conducted two dose-response experiments on barnyard grass (Echinochloa crus-galli- C4 plant), oilseed rape (Brassica napus- C3 plant) and wild oat (Avena fatua- C3 plant). Plants were grown under ambient conditions (400 ppm CO2 at 18/12 °C (day/night)) and predicted future conditions (800 ppm CO2 at 20.5/14.5 °C (day/night)). Glyphosate was applied at 3–4 − leaf−stage in doses of 0, 8.75, 17.5, 35, 70, 140, 420, 1260, and 2520 g active ingredient (a.i.) ha−1, with the highest dose only included in the second experiment. Chlorophyll fluorescence was measured 48 h after spraying. Two days after spraying, oilseed rape exhibited stress symptoms under both growing conditions, while barnyard grass showed symptoms only under future conditions and doses exceeding 6 g a.i. ha−1. Plants were harvested 72 h after spraying for transcriptome analysis and two weeks after spraying to determine dry weight, C%, N% and C/N ratio. The ED50 and ED90 values did not significantly differ between the two environments for each grass species. However, oilseed rape required significantly higher glyphosate doses to reduce dry weight by 50 and 90 % at ambient growing conditions, likely due to the faster translocation of glyphosate. This suggests that glyphosate doses can be reduced in a warmer climate with an elevated CO2 level. No apparent differences in the C%, N%, or C/N ratio were observed between environments for any species. Transcriptome analysis indicated that all species respond differently to glyphosate and climate change.
Forfattere
Stian FolvikSammendrag
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Forfattere
Tatsiana Espevig Kristine Sundsdal Victoria Stornes Moen Ramsøy Kate Entwistle Marina Usoltseva Sabine Braitmaier Daniel Hunt Carlos Guerrero Monica Skogen Erik LysøeSammendrag
Thirty-seven turfgrass samples expressing dollar spot symptoms were collected in summer 2020 on golf courses in Sweden, Denmark, United Kingdom, Germany, Portugal, and Spain. The fungi were isolated at Norwegian Institute of Bioeconomy Research (NIBIO) Turfgrass Laboratory (Norway) and sent for molecular identification using sequencing of regions of ITS (internal transcribed regions of the ribosomal DNA) and calmodulin. Clarireedia homoeocarpa was identified in four turfgrass samples and Clarireedia jacksonii was identified in 11 turfgrass samples. From seven turfgrass samples, the isolated fungi were not Clarireedia spp., but Waitea circinata, Fusarium culmorum, and Fusarium oxysporum. This suggests dollar spot is not always accurately identified from foliar symptoms in the field.
Sammendrag
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Forfattere
Attiq Ur Rehman Jahn Davik Petteri Karisto Janne Kaseva Saila Karhu Marja Rantanen Ismo Strandén Timo Hytönen Alan H. Schulman Tuuli HaikonenSammendrag
Key message Multiple QTLs for powdery mildew resistance were identifed in a pre-breeding population derived from the octoploid progenitor species of garden strawberry, including a stable major novel factor on chromosome 3B. Abstract Powdery mildew (PM), caused by the biotrophic fungal pathogen Podosphaera aphanis, poses an increasing threat to garden strawberry (Fragaria×ananassa) production worldwide. While a few commercial cultivars exhibit partial resistance, fungicide application remains essential for managing PM outbreaks. However, breeding ofers a more sustainable approach for controlling PM. A better understanding of the genetics of resistance is required for informed breeding strategies, e.g. through identifying novel resistance factors derived from the progenitor species of garden strawberry, F. chiloensis and F. virginiana. We conducted genome-wide association (GWA) and multivariate analyses in a reconstructed (ReC) strawberry population to investigate PM resistance under natural infection. Leveraging multi-year feld trial data and 20,779 singlenucleotide polymorphism markers, we identifed a novel major quantitative trait locus (QTL) on chromosome 3B, designated as q.LPM.Rec-3B.2, that was consistently associated with high PM resistance in both leaves and fruits. Greenhouse validation with a subset of the ReC population confrmed that this QTL region was stable across feld and greenhouse environments. Promising candidate genes for resistance, including two for MLO and one for EXO70, were identifed within this major QTL. In addition, multi-locus GWA models and non-additive GWA revealed additional resistance QTLs on multiple chromosomes. Despite previous challenges in breeding for robust PM resistance due to its quantitative nature and complex genetic control, our results provide valuable insights into resistance-contributing QTL regions already existing in strawberry, novel wildderived resistance QTLs not previously known, candidate genes, and pre-breeding germplasm carrying resistance traits as resources for future genome-informed breeding eforts.
Sammendrag
In this chapter, we outline what is known about climatic and stress memory in trees, with examples covering different groups and species of trees (conifers, poplar, oak, ash, and eucalypts). We focus on two broad types of memory: (1) immune memory involved in inducible defenses (defense priming) and (2) climatic memory, whereby trees maintain certain phenological phenotypes in response to environmental conditions experienced during embryogenesis. We outline the epigenetic mechanisms that are thought to be involved in the creation and maintenance of climatic and stress memory in trees. We also give examples of how to study such memories in trees. In these examples, we focus on research protocols that have been proven useful to characterize memories and their mechanistic basis, with an emphasis on molecular techniques that can be used to dissect epigenetic mechanisms.
Sammendrag
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Sammendrag
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Forfattere
Volkmar Timmermann Paul Eric Aspholm Isabella Børja Nicholas Clarke Carl Frisk Jostein Gohli Jane Uhd Jepsen Paal Krokene Nina Elisabeth Nagy Christo Nikolov Jørn-Frode Nordbakken Joyce Machado Nunes Romeiro Sverre Solberg Halvor Solheim Arvid Svensson Jozef Vakula Ole Petter L. Vindstad Bjørn Økland Wenche AasSammendrag
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