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NIBIOs ansatte publiserer flere hundre vitenskapelige artikler og forskningsrapporter hvert år. Her finner du referanser og lenker til publikasjoner og andre forsknings- og formidlingsaktiviteter. Samlingen oppdateres løpende med både nytt og historisk materiale. For mer informasjon om NIBIOs publikasjoner, besøk NIBIOs bibliotek.

2020

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Sammendrag

The Norwegian sheep industry is based on utilization of “free” rangeland pasture resources. Use of mountain pastures is dominating, with about two million sheep grazing these pastures during summer. Regional challenges related to e.g., loss of sheep to large carnivores make farmers think differently. The Norwegian coastline is among the longest globally and is scattered with islets and islands. Alone along the coast of Nordland county, it is estimated more than 14,000 islands. Use of islands for summer pasture is an alternative but there is a limited knowledge about such a management system. In this study, we examined lambs' average daily gain on island pastures at the coast of Norway. In total 230 lambs on three islands (Sandvær, Sjonøya, and Buøya), with varying pasture quality and stocking rate, for 3 years (2012, 2013, and 2014). At Sandvær as much as 92% of the island was characterized as high nutritional value while at Sjonøya and Buøya only 15%, was characterized high nutritional value. We found an average daily lamb growth rate of 0.320 kg d−1. Lambs on Sandvær had a higher daily gain (P < 0.05) than those on Sjonøya and Buøya, and lambs' average daily gain was significantly lower (P < 0.05) in 2013 compared to 2012 and 2014. We conclude that with a dynamic and adaptive management strategy there is a potential to utilize islands for sheep grazing during summer.

Sammendrag

Perennial versus short term (<3 years) grass vegetation cover is likely to have considerable differences in root density and thus carbon (C) inputs to soil. Carbon inputs are important to maintain soil organic carbon (SOC) and may even increase it. In Norway and Scandinavia, the SOC content in soil is often higher than in other parts of Europe, due to the cold climate and high precipitation (i.e. slower turnover rates for soil organic matter) and a dominance of animal production systems with a large amount of grassland. Here we aimed to evaluate differences in SOC content, down to 60 cm depth, of a long-term grassland (without ploughing for decades) and a short-term grassland (frequently renewed by ploughing) under contrasting climate, soil and management conditions. Quantification of SOC was carried out on three long-term experimental sites on an extended latitude gradient in West and North Norway. The samples were taken from 4 depth increments (0-5, 5-20, 20-40 and 40-60 cm) in treatments that have not been ploughed for at least 43 years, and in treatments that were ploughed every third year until 2011. Preliminary results suggest that there is no significant difference in SOC storage down to 60 cm between long-term and short-term grasslands.

Sammendrag

Farms in Central Norway, feeding more forage and pasture to their dairy cows, achieved lower milk yield per cow but higher profitability than farms feeding more concentrate feeds, mainly because of more governmental subsidies per kg milk and meat produced. Also, our analysis does not support the general assumption that higher concentrate feeding and milk production lowers global warming potential and energy needed per kg of milk and meat produced compared with more extensive systems

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Sammendrag

-Valg av engtype, antall slåtter per år og antall engår før fornying har mer å si for de totale fôrkostnadene enn valg av høsteutstyr og rundballepresseutstyr. -Fortørking for å øke tørrstoffinnholdet i graset før pressing har sterk effekt på kostnadene ved at det reduserer arbeidsbehov og traktorbruk. - Kostnadsreduksjon ved å kutte ut ensileringsmiddel er større enn gevinsten med sparte kraftfôrkostnader når slikt middel brukes. -Leie og leiekjøring av kombipresse gir høyere kostnader enn eie, men gir langt færre arbeidstimer. Fordelene med leie av kombipresse vil øke med høyere timepris på arbeidskrafta. -Husdyrgjødselhandtering har betydning for økonomien. Når det ligger til rette for det, er slangespredning billigst og med lavt arbeidsforbruk. Det kan være gunstig økonomisk å vurdere sameie av slangesprederutstyr og/eller vogner med nedlegger eller stripespreder som kan brukes med større «tidsvindu» -Kjøreavstand betyr mye både for dyrkings- og høstekostnadene. Kjøreavstand bestemmer hvilke husdyrgjødsellinjer som er kostnadsmessige optimal, og den positive effekten av fortørking på kostnad øker med kjøreavstanden