Publications
NIBIOs employees contribute to several hundred scientific articles and research reports every year. You can browse or search in our collection which contains references and links to these publications as well as other research and dissemination activities. The collection is continously updated with new and historical material.
2025
Authors
Mohammed M. Morad Nicole P. Anderson Thomas G. ChastainAbstract
Abstract Little is known about seed development and its contribution to seed yield components in orchardgrass ( Dactylis glomerata L.). Field trials were conducted in 2018 and 2019 to investigate orchardgrass seed development and the effects of four trinexapac‐ethyl (TE) plant growth regulator and spring nitrogen (N) treatments on this process: untreated control, TE (210 g ai ha −1 ), spring N (112 kg ha −1 ), and TE + N. Regression analyses were used to elucidate seed development in three spikelet positions. In 2018, seed weight increased over growing degree days (GDD) in a bi‐phasic segmented pattern in seed from distal and central spikelets but increases were linear from proximal spikelets. In 2019, seed weight increased in proximal spikelets following a bi‐phasic segmented function, while seed weight increase in central spikelets was also bi‐phasic, except for the TE treatment. Seed growth rate varied among spikelet positions, ranging from 0.22 to 0.34 mg GDD −1 per 100 seeds. The seed growth rate varied among TE and N treatments, ranging from 0.31 to 0.47 mg GDD −1 per 100 seeds. The TE + N treatment had the shortest seed filling duration and one of the smallest seed growth rate values, producing low seed weight. The TE + N treatment produced high seed number and yield, indicating a reduction in seed abortion or shattering. Seed carbon (C) and nitrogen (N) content increased during seed development and peak deposition preceded physiological maturity. No effects of TE on deposition of C or N in orchardgrass seed occurred.
Abstract
The goal of this study was to begin developing a methodology with which individual golf courses can measure their soil organic carbon (SOC) stocks and sequestration. We propose a two‐tiered methodology that starts with the space‐for‐time substitution method but then graduates to the longitudinal method. Space‐for‐time allows golf courses to compare their SOC stock to the SOC stock of the surrounding land use, whereas the longitudinal method provides a high‐resolution carbon sequestration estimate after 5 years. The first tier of this methodology was tested on two golf courses that are part of the same golf facility in the United Kingdom. The two golf courses and the agricultural fields adjacent to them, which also represented the historical land use of the golf courses, were sampled to determine their SOC stocks. We recognize that the SOC stock trajectories of the golf courses and neighboring crop fields are unknown, and thus we do not use the term carbon sequestration to describe the differences in carbon stocks between the two land uses. Instead, we use the term counterfactual carbon storage to describe that the SOC stock of the surrounding agricultural fields was the best available representation of what the SOC stock of the land the golf courses are now on would have been had the golf courses not been built. We found the golf courses had higher SOC stocks than the surrounding agricultural fields, which corresponded to 0.41 and 0.77 Mg C ha −1 year −1 more carbon in the soils of the golf courses than on the surrounding agricultural fields. Maintenance emissions from the time of construction to the present were also estimated to calculate the lifecycle net climate impact of the golf courses. Our results highlight the importance of emissions reductions if golf courses are to be carbon neutral throughout their lifecycle.
Abstract
As summer droughts become more common and water resources more precious, some golf courses in Scandinavia are turning to lower quality irrigation water to irrigate their courses. We visited seven golf courses on the Baltic coast of Sweden using lower quality irrigation water to interview superintendents and to take soil and water samples for salinity analysis. Four of the seven golf courses experience salinity stress regularly, primarily in a 6–8 week period in July and August. Soil and water samples taken at the seven golf courses in October 2024 generally did not exceed salinity thresholds for cool‐season turfgrasses, but retesting of water and soil will be conducted again in 2025 with at least one of the sampling events conducted during the summer period in which salinity stress symptoms usually occur.
Authors
Nicole Anderson Jing Zhou Pete BerryAbstract
No abstract has been registered
Authors
Nicole Anderson Hannah Rivedal Seth DormanAbstract
No abstract has been registered
Authors
Nicole Anderson Calvin YoderAbstract
No abstract has been registered
Authors
Magda KarloAbstract
No abstract has been registered
Authors
Nicole AndersonAbstract
No abstract has been registered
Authors
Johannes BreidenbachAbstract
Presentation
Authors
Johannes BreidenbachAbstract
No abstract has been registered