Publications
NIBIOs employees contribute to several hundred scientific articles and research reports every year. You can browse or search in our collection which contains references and links to these publications as well as other research and dissemination activities. The collection is continously updated with new and historical material.
2024
Authors
Ingeborg Klingen Nils Bjugstad Therese With Berge Krzysztof Kusnierek Hans Wilhelm Wedel-Jarlsberg Roger Holten Anette Sundbye Lene Sigsgaard Håvard Eikemo Kirsten Tørresen Valborg KvakkestadAbstract
Droner til bruk i plantevern i jord- og hagebruk er relativt nytt og i dette forprosjektet ønsket vi å etablere et kunnskapsgrunnlag for bærekraftig bruk av droner i norsk plantevern. Vi gjorde dette ved å: 1) Systematisere kunnskap om avdrift fra plantevernmidler fra sprøytedroner, 2) Gjennomføre et pilotstudie på en metode for å måle avdrift og avsetning av plantevernmidler utenfor målområdet fra sprøyte droner, 3) Skaffe kunnskap om eksponering av dronepilot for plantevernmidler, 4) Skaffe kunnskap om miljøeksponering inkludert rester av plantevernmidler i drone-sprøytede plantekulturer, 5) Skaffe kunnskap om bruk av droner i presis påføring av plantevernmidler, lavrisikostoffer og biologiske kontrollorganismer, 6) Øke vår kunnskap om forskrifter og standarder som kan påvirke bruken av droner i integrert plantevern i Norge. Basert på kunnskap gjort tilgjengelig i dette forprosjektet, foreslår vi videre studier som er nødvendig å utføre for å kunne bruke droner i integrert plantevern på en smart måte. Vårt håp er at resultatene fra dette forprosjektet vil gjøre det mulig å ta beslutninger om hvordan droner bør brukes i plantevern i Norge for å være i tråd med direktivet for bærekraftig bruk av plantevernmidler (Direktiv 2009/128/EF). Det er spesielt målgrupper som bønder, landbruksrådgivningstjenester, agroindustri, forskere, nasjonale statlige organer som Mattilsynet og lovgivere som kan tenkes å ha nytte av å lese denne rapporten.
Abstract
No abstract has been registered
2023
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No abstract has been registered
Abstract
Closing nutrient cycles by bio-based fertilizer products (BFPs) can improve the environmental sustainability of food systems and facilitate a more circular economy. Although the theoretical potential for nutrient recycling has been explored in detail, BFPs still seldom replace mineral fertilizer products in practice. The aim of the present study was to explore the critical enabling and limiting factors for the use of BFPs as seen from the perspective of farmers, suppliers, and civil society. To this aim, qualitative interviews were conducted with seven conventional grain farmers, six suppliers of BFPs, and five representatives of civil society, limited to environmental non-governmental organizations. The presented results illustrate a mismatch between demand and supply. On the one hand, the interviewed farmers were only interested in using BFPs if they are practical to use, balanced with respect to nutrient contents, and potentially provide the same earnings as mineral fertilizers. Positive effects for soil quality were an important driver for many of the farmers. On the other hand, the suppliers of BFPs were generally not able to offer products that fulfilled the farmers’ demands without economic losses, and they emphasized that they have faced several regulatory challenges. Representatives of regional civil society organizations expressed concern that new technical solutions could cause new environmental challenges, and that BFPs could enable further intensification of livestock production. The central-level representatives from the same NGOs, however, were positive about that BFPs can solve environmental problems. Policy instruments will be needed to increase the adoption of PFPs. Fostering BFPs’ that contribute to a sustainable agriculture is important to consider when formulating these polices.
Abstract
No abstract has been registered
Abstract
No abstract has been registered
Authors
Giovanna Ottaviani Aalmo Silvija Krajter Ostoic Divina Gracia P. Rodriguez Liz O’Brien Constanza ParraAbstract
An increasing number of cities are becoming a striking illustration of the maldistribution of resources. These resources, which are both physical and societal, lead to inequalities which are at the root of issues such as societal tensions, poverty, alienation, and marginalization of particular groups from the public discourse (Cassiers and Kesteloot 2012). The interrelationships between the urban social environment and urban environmental conditions, alongside political and economic structures, define the distribution and access to the benefits and services that are linked to nature in the cities (O’Brien et al. 2017a, b).
Abstract
This report presents findings from a qualitative survey among actors involved in the production and sale of local food in Oslo and Bristol, with a focus on sales models and challenges and opportunities for direct sales. The actors in Oslo and Bristol had largely the same motivation for local food sales, including environmental sustainability, transparency in the supply chain, creating community, supporting farmers, sharing knowledge about food and agriculture, as well as being a counterweight to the mainstream food system. Climate crisis and food safety were stronger motivational factors among actors in Bristol than in Oslo, while in Oslo there was more emphasis on the importance of local sales channels for food diversity and quality. Several interviewees pointed to lack of economic profitability as one of the most important challenges for the local food producers. It requires a great deal of work both with production, marketing and sales to be economically successful as a small-scale producer. At the same time, buying local food often requires more time, effort and money from consumers compared to shopping in grocery stores. The report points to several possible solutions to these challenges: increased demand for local food due to changes in attitudes, increased cooperation between producers, sales channels, organizations and public authorities to reduce competition and find common solutions, as well as the development of common digital platforms that can create economies of scale and make marketing and deliveries more efficient. It is also important to look at how the public sector, both through grants, procurement and guidance, can facilitate increased production and sale of local food.
Abstract
Short food supply chains (SFSCs) are associated with a range of contested, place-based attributes which contrast with the characteristics of complex, global and corporate chains. This article avoids such oppositional binaries by focusing on SFSCs serving two European cities, namely Oslo (Norway) and Bristol (UK). It reviews cities as a particular kind of market within which to secure custom, by presenting qualitative data from a study of SFSCs in these two cities to examine marketing barriers and opportunities encountered. Distinctive urban contexts, such as the density of consumers and presence of food-related infrastructures, can influence the marketing strategies and sales channels chosen by food enterprises. Difficulties are faced by both food producers and the sales channels through which they come to market, especially in relation to financial viability, price competition and efficiency. Our analysis, as well as highlighting connections and divergences between Oslo and Bristol, emphasises the role of these cities in providing diverse food market niches. Alongside global chains, functioning SFSCs help to reflect the history of Oslo and Bristol as trading cities with diverse populations and reveal enterprise adaptability and innovation as market demand shifts.
Abstract
Local food is increasing in popularity. The more local, the better. However, selling local food is much more demanding than many may be aware of. Fortunately, new digital solutions are on the way.