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Publikasjoner

NIBIOs ansatte publiserer flere hundre vitenskapelige artikler og forskningsrapporter hvert år. Her finner du referanser og lenker til publikasjoner og andre forsknings- og formidlingsaktiviteter. Samlingen oppdateres løpende med både nytt og historisk materiale. For mer informasjon om NIBIOs publikasjoner, besøk NIBIOs bibliotek.

2000

Sammendrag

The VEAS-Biosolids are intended as fertilizers and soil improvers in agriculture. The Norwegian legislation requires that material applied to agricultural land should pose no threat to human, animal and plant health. This may include freedom from infective plant pathogens of certain species, and specified limits for the occurrence of viable seeds of weeds. In the present study, the sanitation efficacy for potato cyst nematode (PCN), Globodera rostochiensis (Ro1) and wild oat, Avena fatua, is evaluated for the VEAS combined thermal filter press and vacuum dryer, which is the final step in the production of VEAS-Biosolids at the VEAS sewage sludge industrial plant. Germ carriers, each carrying 3 nylon bags with 20 nematode cysts and one bag with 100 seeds of wild oat, were placed in 3 filter presses at the VEAS plant. The germ carriers for in-process testing and the non-exposed process control germ carriers were either pre-exposed to sludge or kept dry before the test run. During this test, the pathogens were exposed to temperatures of 78-81 oC for 145 minutes and pressure variations between 4,5 and -0,92 bar. After completion of the test the germ carriers were removed, and the survival of PCN and wild oat seeds was investigated in the laboratory. The vitality of PCN was studied by recording the hatching of juveniles, by vitality staining of cyst contents with New Blue R, and by recording the development of new cysts on a susceptible potato cultivar. The viability of wild oat examined by tetrazolium test. Under the conditions of present test run and according to the vitality tests performed, the combined thermal filter press and vacuum dryer of the VEAS industrial plant had a 100% efficacy in the sanitation of PCN and wild oat. For both organisms a 4 days pre-exposure to sludge seemed to reduce vitality and viability. The mechanism of sanitation may rely on an interaction between sludge toxicity, temperature and pressure changes. Under the conditions of the test run the VEAS combined thermal filter press and vacuum dryer was reliable in eradicating PCN and wild oat.

Til dokument

Sammendrag

I dette arbeidet presenteres tabeller for beregning av verdien av bestand av gran, furu og bjørk. Tabellene er utarbeidet ved hjelp av regneprogrammet BESTPROG. De bygger på NISKs tilvekstmodeller for de ulike treslagene. Virket er fordelt på sortimentene sagtømmer og massevirke.Verdien av hogstuttakene er beregnet på grunnlag av pris- og kostnadsforutsetninger som ligger nært opp til dagens praksis. Tynningene er utformet slik at de gir positivt kontantutbytte, men de er ikke optimalisert i forhold til de økonomiske forutsetninger. Slutthogstalderen er derimot tilnærmet optimalisert. De bestandsdata som ligger til grunn for verditabellene er oppgitt i egne tabeller. For de vanlige bonitetsklassene er det stilt opp tabeller for grunnverdi/venteverdi og differanseverdi, som er venteverdi fratrukket bestandets slakteverdi, og rentefot 2,5-5,0 % p.a. For rentefot 4 % er det stilt opp tabeller for beregning av bestokningens vente-verdi, som er venteverdi fratrukket grunnverdi. Disse tabellene er beregnet for 1 meters bonitetsklasser. Tabellverdiene er normert slik at de forutsetter en rånettoverdi (eventuelt netto-verdi) av slutthogsten på kr 100 pr. m³, skogkulturutgifter på kr 100 pr dekar og 15 år ventetid på naturlig gjenvekst.

Sammendrag

Aluminium (Al) has been considered to be a central element for risk evaluation of forest damage due to acidification. It has been hypothesised that Al reduces root growth, nutrient uptake and forest vitality. However, forest monitoring studies fail to show correlations between soil acidification and forest health. In general, no direct relation between Al concentration and forest health has been established. Here, Al concentrations in soil solution were manipulated by weekly additions of dilute AlCl3 to levels that are believed to be unfavorable for plant growth. Four treatments (in triplicate) including a reference and three Al addition levels were established. Effects of enhanced Al concentrations on fine root growth, nutrient uptake and crown condition in a mature Norway spruce forest in Norway were tested (1996-1999). After three years of manipulation, crown condition, tree growth and fine root growth were not affected by potentially toxic Al concentrations. However, the Mg content in current year\"s needles decreased at the highest Al addition treatment. The Mg/Al ratio of fine roots of the same treatment had declined too, which suggests that Al blocked Mg uptake at the root surface. The manipulation will be continued for two more years.

Sammendrag

Forsøk har vist at testlagring kan gi uttrykk for lagringsevnen hos ulike parti av kepaløk. Det ble tatt ut 100 løk i hver testprøve. Uttak for vurdering av råte ble gjort like etter at løken var ferdig tørket. Denne testløken ble vurdert i desember. Løk for vurdering av groing ble tatt ut fra løkpartiene i desember og lagret ved 20oC til første halvdel av mars. Kvile i løken gjør at en ikke kan vente utslag for groing tidligere.