Publikasjoner
NIBIOs ansatte publiserer flere hundre vitenskapelige artikler og forskningsrapporter hvert år. Her finner du referanser og lenker til publikasjoner og andre forsknings- og formidlingsaktiviteter. Samlingen oppdateres løpende med både nytt og historisk materiale. For mer informasjon om NIBIOs publikasjoner, besøk NIBIOs bibliotek.
2007
Forfattere
Liv Birkeland (sluttet)Sammendrag
Eieren av Bunnpris-kjeden Trond Lykke har gjort seg til talsmann for verdens 850 millioner sultne. Lykke hevder at det er gjennom å spise mest mulig billig mat at vi nordmenn kan vise vår solidaritet med verdens fattige og sultne. Å etterspørre varer som er produsert på en mer økologisk forsvarlig måte, er derimot egoistisk og umoralsk. FAO (FNs mat- og landbruksorganisasjon) hevder i motsetning til Lykke at økologisk landbruk har potensial til å øke verdens matvaresikkerhet samt dempe klimaendringer og andre miljøproblemer. Et forskerteam fra University of Michigan viser i en omfattende studie at en global omlegging til økologisk produksjon vil øke den totale matproduksjonen. Denne økningen vil være sterkest i dagens fattige land. I rike, industrialiserte land der produksjonen i dag ved hjelp av intensive metoder ligger på et høyt nivå, vil man med mer økologisk bærekraftige metoder kunne forvente avlingsnedgang. Det er opp til enhver forbruker å vurdere moralen ved sine innkjøp. At Bunnpris-eieren forsøker å påføre en stadig voksende kundegruppe dårlig samvittighet ved at de velger økologiske produkter, bør vekke undring hos flere.
Forfattere
Hans OvergaardSammendrag
Global change will likely affect the epidemiology of vector borne diseases (VBD). A changing climate may cause shifts in the prevalence and intensity of VBD"s. Both direct effects (changes in temperature and rainfall) and indirect effects (changing local environmental conditions) of climate change influence disease vectors and the disease-causing organisms they carry. Substantial research efforts are required to predict the effects of future climate scenarios on changes in magnitude and spatial distribution of VBD"s. Research is also needed to explore innovative locally-adapted solutions to control vectors and VBD"s. Solutions that can be easily adapted to local situations and changing environmental and climatic conditions are more likely to be effective and sustainable. The Integrated Pest and Vector Management (IPVM) approach is a promising solution. IPVM is a recently developed concept based on community participation and agroecosystem management aiming to control both agricultural pests and disease vectors in an environmentally friendly and sustainable manner. IPVM originates from the Integrated Pest Management (IPM) approach, which is commonly implemented through Farmer Field Schools (FFS). IPM is a crop protection strategy with focus on biological control aiming to reduce pesticide use for the benefit of human and environmental health. FFS is a participatory non-formal education approach teaching farmers the principles of biological control through agroecosystem analysis, field observations, and experimentation. IPM implemented through FFS has led to reduced crop losses, less pesticide input, increased profitability, and improved environmental management and farmer empowerment. By adding modules on vector ecology, vector control, disease cycle, etc. to the FFS curriculum local communities may contribute to improved vector control by implementing synergistic combinations of interventions based on knowledge of local vector biology and disease transmission (i.e. Integrated Vector Management, IVM). These approaches preserve beneficial organisms, lessen selection pressure for insecticide resistance, and ensure community empowerment for the benefit of health promotion, rural development, and preparedness for adverse global change effects.
Sammendrag
A project focusing on the introduction of organic and local produced food was initiated at the University Hospital in Trondheim in 2003. By the end of 2006 the aim of serving 30 % organic food has been reached on average for the kitchen. The hospital kitchen produces about 1200 meals every day for 60 divisions at the hospital. The objective of this study is to gain empirical insight into the patients" and nurses" perception of the food served at the hospital, their views concerning food production methods, as well as differences between the groups regarding the two aforementioned issues.
Forfattere
Helge SjursenSammendrag
Tradisjonelt er grønngjødslingseffekten den viktigste årsaken til å benytte kløver underkultur i korn. I flere omfattende forsøk har vi imidlertid nå studert hvordan bruk av underkultur i korn påvirker veksten til både ett- og flerårig ugras.
Sammendrag
A review on the most common potato-infecting viruses was given. The following viruses were described: Potato virus X, Potato virus Y, Potato virus M, Potato virus S, Potato moptop virus and Tobacco rattle virus. The way each virus is transmitted as well as strategies to prevent aphid transmission of viruses was explained
Forfattere
Kari ØrstadSammendrag
Potetvirus A og Y, biologi og årsak til de problemene vi har fått i settepoteter i år. Vintertest av egne settepoteter, utførelse og evt. resultater så langt i år.
Sammendrag
A project focusing on the introduction of organic and local produced food was initiated at the University Hospital in Trondheim in 2003. By the end of 2006 the aim of serving 30 % organic food has been reached on average for the kitchen. The hospital kitchen produces about 1200 meals every day for 60 divisions at the hospital. The objective of this study is to gain empirical insight into the patients" and nurses" perception of the food served at the hospital, their views concerning food production methods, as well as differences between the groups regarding the two aforementioned issues.
Forfattere
Dag-Ragnar BlystadSammendrag
Orinetering om mulighetene for vintertest for virus i Norge
Sammendrag
In December 2005 a questionnaire survey was conducted at the university hospital in Trondheim, Norway. Patients and personnel expressed that food is important for their health and well-being. Good taste, appearance and right nutrition were mentioned to be important factors for food quality. About 80 % of the respondents were positive or really positive to use organic food at the hospital, even though only around half of them agreed that it is worth the price. Furthermore the absence of pesticides, artificial fertilizers and preservatives in food was ranked to be more important than organic production of food. All respondents seemed to be critical towards the use of pesticides and preservatives in food production and processing.
Forfattere
Dag-Ragnar BlystadSammendrag
Orinetering om aktuelle karanteneskadegjørere av virus og viroider