Publikasjoner
NIBIOs ansatte publiserer flere hundre vitenskapelige artikler og forskningsrapporter hvert år. Her finner du referanser og lenker til publikasjoner og andre forsknings- og formidlingsaktiviteter. Samlingen oppdateres løpende med både nytt og historisk materiale. For mer informasjon om NIBIOs publikasjoner, besøk NIBIOs bibliotek.
2010
Forfattere
Lise GrøvaSammendrag
Det er ikke registrert sammendrag
Sammendrag
Det er ikke registrert sammendrag
Forfattere
Margarita Novoa Garrido Harald VoldenSammendrag
The main objective of this experiment was to compare timothy and X-Festulolium varieties Felina and Felopa as forage for growing bulls. Thirty one-year-old Norwegian Red bulls were assigned to one of the three feeding groups by stratified block randomisation within weight in individual boxes and feeding. The forage was grown at Bioforsk"s research station in Bodø, (latitude: 67.28 °N), Norway, and harvested at a NDF content of 500 g/kg dry matter in the summer of 2008. The grass was ensiled in round balls and fed ad libitum. The bulls were fed a fixed amount of one kg of concentrate/day through the experiment. Animals were slaughtered at a live weight of 600 kg, and the slaughters were classified according to the EUROP system. The animals fed with timothy had an overall larger weight gain than the bulls fed with the X-Festulolium variants, though the weight gain decreased towards the end of the feeding period. The forage consumption in the timothy group was also larger. Grass type had no effect on the on the classification of the slaughters.
Forfattere
Kjersti Holt Hanssen Bjørn TveiteSammendrag
The objective of this study was to quantify the long-term growth response of Norway spruce and Scots pine to whole-three harvesting (WTH) at first thinning. The results show that for spruce, WTH has lead to a decrease in forest growth 25 years after thinning. In the pine stands, the results were more variable between sites and periods and the growth reduction after 25 years was not statistically significant.
Forfattere
R Nestby I Martinussen A Nes J RohloffSammendrag
Examination of European blueberry (EB) populations from different latitudes in Norway revealed differences in growth, fruit yield and fruit quality. Subpopulations from latitude 61, 64 and 69°N (respectively south, mid and north of Norway) showed different growth patterns when they were grown under similar conditions. The EB tended to grow longer shoots in 2009 at intermediate fertilization in half-cultivated forest fields fertilized in 2008 and 2009, while shoot number was not influenced by fertilization. Berry size and fruit yield in forest fields was not influenced by fertilization neither in 2008 nor in 2009. However, there were differences in yield between locations in both years and between soil conditions in 2008. Fertilized seedlings sawn in March 2008 and planted on farm land in July the same year, grew larger plants in 2009 compared with no fertilization, but developed no flowers. Content of sugar, anthocyanins, total phenols, and antioxidants was higher in Mid- and North - Norway compared to samples from the south in 2008 . Fruit quality parameters changed from early to late harvest in the ripening period (only samples from South Norway). Sugar content was highest at the early maturation stage, while anthocyanin levels were highest in the mid-harvest period and then declined. Antioxidant levels increased at later harvest dates, and data was clearly correlated with total phenol content but not with anthocyanins.
Forfattere
R Nestby I Martinussen A Nes J RohloffSammendrag
Examination of European blueberry (EB) populations from different latitudes in Norway starting in 2008, have revealed results that indicate differences in growth, fruit yield and fruit quality. The examinations have been executed in subpopulations at latitudes 61, 64 and 69°N (respectively south, mid and north of Norway). Effects of fertilization, cutting of plants, climate etc have been examined in forest fields and on cultivated land. Plants have also been propagated and growth patterns have been examined under controlled conditions. Fruit samples from all locations have been analyzed for important biological components. This presentation will give an overview of some of the results obtained during the two first years of the project period.
Sammendrag
Examination of European blueberry (EB) populations from different latitudes in Norway revealed differences in growth, fruit yield and fruit quality. Two northern and two southern clones of EB (from between 61-69 degrees N) were grown at 12 degrees C and 18 degrees under shourt (12 h) and long (24 h) days. The northern clones were able to grow rapidly at reasonable low temperatures when given 24 hour light, while the southern clones seemed to be adapted to shorter days and were not able to use the 24 h light efficiently. In the field EB tended to grow longer shoots in 2009 at intermediate fertilization in half-cultivated forest fields fertilized in 2008 and 2009, while shoot number was not influenced by fertilization. Berry size and fruit yield in forest fields was not influenced by fertilization neither in 2008 nor in 2009. However, there were differences in yield between locations in both years and between soil conditions in 2008. Fertilized seedlings sawn in March 2008 and planted on farm land in July the same year, grew larger plants in 2009 compared with no fertilization, but developed no flowers. Content of sugar, anthocyanins, total phenols, and antioxidants was higher in Mid- and North- Norway compared to samples from the south, in 2008. Fruit quality parameters changed from early to late harvest in the ripening period (only samples from South Norway). Sugar content was highest at the early maturation stage, while anthocyanin levels were highest in the mid-harvest period and then declined. Antioxidant levels increased at later harvest dates, and data was clearly correlated with total phenol content but not with anthocyanins. Berries produced at 12 degrees had significantly higher % sugars (sucrose, fructose and glucose), phenolic acids and total phenols than berries produced at 18 degrees.
Sammendrag
Det er ikke registrert sammendrag
Sammendrag
The effects of genetically modified (GM) maize (Zea mays L.) expressing the Bacillus thuringiensis Berliner Cry1Fa2 protein (Bt) and phosphinothricin or glyphosate herbicide tolerance on soil chemistry (organic matter, N, P, K and pH), compared with non-GM controls, were assessed in field and pot experiments. In the field experiment, NH4+ was significantly higher in soil under the crop modified for herbicide tolerance compared to the control (mean values of 11 and 9.6 mg N/kg respectively) while P was significantly higher in soil under the control compared to under the GM crop (mean values of 6.9 and 6.4 dg P/kg, respectively). No significant differences were found as a result of growing Bt/herbicide tolerant maize. In the pot experiment, using soils from three sites (Gongzhuling, Dehui and Huadian), significant effects of using Bt maize instead of conventional maize were found for all three soils. In the Gongzhuling soil, P was significantly higher in soil under the control compared to under the GM crop (mean values of 4.8 and 4.0 dg P/kg, respectively). For the Dehui soil, the pH was significantly higher in soil under the control compared to under the GM crop (mean values for {H+} of 1.1 and 2.4 μM for the control and the GM crop respectively). In the Huadian soil, organic matter and total N were both higher in soil under the GM crop than under the control. For organic matter, the mean values were 3.0 and 2.9% for the GM crop and the control, respectively, while for total nitrogen the mean values were 2.02 and 1.96‰ for the GM crop and the control respectively. Our results indicate that growing GM crops instead of conventional crops may alter soil chemistry, but not greatly, and that effects will vary with both the specific genetic modification and the soil.
Forfattere
Atle Wibe Anna-Karin Borg-Karlson Jerry Cross Lene SigsgaardSammendrag
One of the major pests on cultivated strawberry in northern part of Europe is the strawberry blossom weevil, Anthonomus rubi. The weevils deposit eggs in the flower buds before it sever the buds from their stalks. This may lead to a direct loss of crop of more than 50%. To develop effective plant protection method against A. rubi funnel traps baited with the sex aggregation pheromone and plant volatiles were used for trapping weevils in the fields. The sex pheromone blend used in the study was a mixture of Grandlure I, Grandlure II and Lavendulol (ratio 1:4:1). Plant volatiles emitted by the strawberry plants were collected using SPME and identified by GC/MS. These chemical analyses identified several compounds present in different quantities. The sex pheromone blend and selected plant volatiles were tested in fields either separately or in different mixtures. The field trials were carried out during a three year period where the last year aimed to optimise the mixture used in the previous years by adding more test compounds and testing the most potent compound at different concentrations. To improve insect catch rates modified traps were also tested. The study sites were in Norway, Denmark and in the UK. General high catch rates were achieved at three different study sites in Norway due to high weevil density. The results from these fields, supported by the results from the fields with lower catch rates, were in accordance with each other. The main finding was that traps baited with some identified plant volatile compounds and the sex pheromone blend increased the catch rates compared to traps bated with single a plant compound or the sex pheromone blend alone. The results show also that the concentration of the plant volatiles relative to the pheromone concentration is important for attracting weevils to the traps. This study has shown that it is important to bait insect traps with both sex aggregation pheromones and plant volatiles at the correct level to achieve significant catch rates of A. rubi. Hopefully, the results will generate knowledge important for developing new plant protection method for strawberry without using insecticides.