Publikasjoner
NIBIOs ansatte publiserer flere hundre vitenskapelige artikler og forskningsrapporter hvert år. Her finner du referanser og lenker til publikasjoner og andre forsknings- og formidlingsaktiviteter. Samlingen oppdateres løpende med både nytt og historisk materiale. For mer informasjon om NIBIOs publikasjoner, besøk NIBIOs bibliotek.
2012
Forfattere
jihong liu clarkeSammendrag
Det er ikke registrert sammendrag
Forfattere
Even Sannes Riiser Ingrid Holtsmark Hege Særvold Steen S. Swaminathan N Khanna Ralph Bock jihong liu clarkeSammendrag
The global spread of dengue fever threatens a large percentage of the world’s population. The disease causes great human suffering, a high mortality from dengue haemorrhagic fever and its complications, and major costs. There is currently no vaccine to prevent dengue virus infection. Our project aims to express a tetravalent vaccine candidate in tobacco chloroplasts, a cost effective system, and hence to contribute to innovation and bio-economy as a long term goal.
Forfattere
Carl Jonas Jorge Spetz jihong liu clarkeSammendrag
Potato is an important crop worldwide. The world production of potatoes in 2009 was 330 million tonnes, of which two thirds were used as food by humans with the rest used for animal feed or production of starch, liquor etc. Thus, to secure food supply and contribute to the bioeconomy have been the driving forces for the fast advancement in potato biotechnology.
Sammendrag
Det er ikke registrert sammendrag
Forfattere
Marianne BechmannSammendrag
Det er ikke registrert sammendrag
Forfattere
Tatsiana Espevig Bjørn Molteberg Anne Marte Tronsmo Publikasjonsforfatter Trygve S. AamlidSammendrag
The use of velvet bentgrass (Agrostis canina L.) on putting greens is limited by sparse knowledge on optimal maintenance. Our objective was to determine the effects of N (75 or 150 kg N ha–1 yr–1), topdressing (0.5 or 1.0 mm biweekly), and mechanical-biological treatment (grooming, vertical cutting, spiking, and Thatch-less) on turfgrass visual quality, playability, winter survival, and thatch formation. The study was conducted at a coastal location in Norway (Landvik, 58°N) from August 2007 to May 2010 on sandbased root zone (United States Golf Association specifications) seeded in late spring 2007 with velvet bentgrass ‘Legendary’. Only the higher N rate gave acceptable quality during the first 2 yr after sowing. The higher N rate reduced moss and winter injuries from disease compared with the lower Nbut decreased surface hardness by 21% and reduced ball roll distance by 6 to 14%. Significant interactions reflected an increase in mat organic matter with increasing N rate under light but not under heavy topdressing. Compared with grooming only, grooming plus vertical cutting significantly reduced mat organic matter from 64 to 53 g kg–1. Grooming plus spiking improved water infiltrationrate by 51% compared with grooming alone. Thatch-less increased hardness of the otherwise soft plots receiving grooming plus spiking but had no effect on mat depth or organic matter content.
Forfattere
Svein SkøienSammendrag
Det er ikke registrert sammendrag
Forfattere
Kristin DaugstadSammendrag
A project funded by the Norwegian Genetic Resource Center started in 2003, the purpose being to make new landraces of the most common meadow species in Norway. These are the two grasses timothy ( Phleum pratense) and meadow fescue( festuca pratensis), and the legume red clover (Trifolium pratense) For each species the goal is to develop several local populations adapted to different climatic conditions and differentfarming systems. To achieve this we must restart the processes that developed our first landraces.
Forfattere
Christer MagnussonSammendrag
The European Commission requested the Panel on Plant Health to deliver a scientific opinion on the phytosanitary risk of plants (other than fruits and seeds) of Pinus pinea and of the genera Chamaecyparis, Cryptomeria and Juniperus for the spread of pine wood nematode (PWN) via movement of infested plants or untreated plant products or by supporting natural spread of PWN in conjunction with European species of the vector. The Panel analysed the data submitted by Portugal regarding surveys on the Tróia Peninsula where P. pinaster and P. pinea co-occur, and the related laboratory results of Naves et al. (2006) on feeding and oviposition preferences of Monochamus galloprovincialis. The Panel also undertook a comprehensive review of the literature. The zero infestation of PWN recorded on P. pinea on the Tróia Peninsula was not significantly different from the result for P. pinaster, because of the small P. pinea sample. Hence, the conclusion that P. pinea is not a host plant for PWN is not supported by the data submitted, principally because of low statistical confidence arising from the few P. pinea trees present. Moreover, the limited presence of P. pinea in the study areas means that the results are representative neither of the Tróia Peninsula nor of other parts of Portugal. Naves et al. (2006) recorded some oviposition by M. galloprovincialis on P. pinea, but less than on other hosts. No differences in feeding of M. galloprovincialis on P. pinaster and P. pinea were detected, thus potentially allowing PWN transmission to trees by this route. The available information regarding the genera Chamaecyparis, Cryptomeria and Juniperus as potential hosts of Monochamus spp. and PWN suggests overall a low susceptibility to PWN or its vectors; the uncertainty concerning PWN is high and would require supplementary research. © European Food Safety Authority, 2012
Sammendrag
Cover crops are included in cropping systems in order to achieve various ecological benefits. In stockless organic cereal systems in Scandinavia, nitrogen is commonly supplied by undersowing a legume shortly after sowing. Retarding the growth of annual weeds is considered an additional benefit of using cover crops. However, studies on the influence of undersown cover crops on the growth of perennial weeds are lacking. In this paper we present data from a four- year field experiment on the growth of Cirsium arvense (L.) Scop., Sonchus arvensis L. and Elymus repens (L.) Gould., in cereals with and without undersown red clover (Trifolium pratense L.), combined with contrasting stubble treatments after harvest. Clover did not significantly reduce the growth of any of the weed species. Regression analyses showed, however, that the growth of C. arvense and S. arvensis increased with increasing clover biomass at low densities of clover, whereas at higher densities it decreased with increasing biomass of clover. Amongst the stubble treatments, shallow ploughing followed by harrowing gave the best control of all weed species. The effect was most pronounced on E. repens, and least on S. arvensis, for whichneither the number nor the weed biomass were significantly different from the untreated control. Rotary tilling gave a similar effect, but again less pronounced on S. arvensis. Mowing suppressed E. repens to some degree, tended to suppress S. arvensis (n.s.) but had no effect on C. arvense. Thegrowth and survival of seed-propagated plants of the same species were studied in a one-year field experiment and in a greenhouse experiment, the latter only including the species S. arvensis andC. arvense. The use of a cover crop reduced the number of leaves per plant in S. arvensis both in the field and in the greenhouse. The same effect was found for C. arvense, but only in the greenhouse experiment. In the latter, above-ground biomass of the cover crop explained 67 % of the variation intotal biomass of S. arvensis and 47 % of that for C. arvense. From a practical point of view, the study has shown that undersown red clover has only marginal effects on perennial weeds, in contrast to various stubble treatments which influence strongly on weed growth. In general, soil tillagesuppresses perennial weeds best, but mowing may be a more environmentally friendly alternative for some weed species, such as. E. repens.