Publikasjoner
NIBIOs ansatte publiserer flere hundre vitenskapelige artikler og forskningsrapporter hvert år. Her finner du referanser og lenker til publikasjoner og andre forsknings- og formidlingsaktiviteter. Samlingen oppdateres løpende med både nytt og historisk materiale. For mer informasjon om NIBIOs publikasjoner, besøk NIBIOs bibliotek.
2004
Sammendrag
Heftet har kort informasjon om alle sider ved økologisk produksjon av Ribesartene rips, solbær og stikkelsbær. Det er avsnitt om vekst og utvikling, skjering,krav til jord og dyrkingsstad og klima. Gjødsling og vatnig vert drøfta. Det same med sortar og sortseigenskapar, planter og planteoppal og dyrkingsmåtar. Innanfor plantevern vert utfordringar innanfor ugras, sjukdomar og skadedyr drøfta. Litt om hausting, lagring og omsetnad og om regelverket er også med.
Sammendrag
The performance of the plum rootstocks Marianna, Pixy and Wangenheim using St. Julien A as a standard to the cultivars Avalon, Edda, Excalibur, Jubileum, Reeves and Victoria Naa was assessed in a field trial at western Norway at 60° North. Trees were planted in spring 1999 and evaluated for the five subsequent years. The plant material was one year old whips, spaced 2.0 x 4.5 m and formed with a central leader as free spindles. Soil management were grass in the alleyways and herbicide strips 1-m wide along the tree rows. Tree size was significantly affected by the rootstocks after five years growth. Wangenheim produced the smallest and St. Julien A and Pixy the largest trees as measured by trunk cross-sectional area in average for the different cultivars. Pixy produced the largest yields per tree to the cultivars Edda, Excalibur and Reeves while St. Julien A was the most productive to Avalon, Jubileum and Victoria Naa. Trees on Pixy were the most yield efficient for all cultivars with the exception of Victoria Naa. The fruit sizes were in general large, but became affected by the different rootstocks to some extent. Depending on the cultivar, fruit size was favourable affected by Pixy and St. Julien A, while trees on Marianna produced the smallest fruits. Fruit quality characterized by the content of soluble solids was in general high and did not differ between trees on the various rootstocks. The cultivar Avalon had the largest amounts of soluble solids.
Forfattere
Mekjell MelandSammendrag
Alternate bearing is a major problem for the Norwegian apple industry. Due to over-cropping one year where fruit size and quality are reduced, the trees are likely to turn into a pattern with high and low yield every second year. This inconsistent yield pattern provides problem for both the growers and the market. Commercial practise is to remove the excessive flowers or fruitlets by chemicals or by handthinning. The only officially registered agents for apple thinning are ethephon and ammoniumthiosulphat. The growers find them unpredictable in use and more knowledge is wanted in order to give more precisely thinning recommendations. A new project started at Ullensvang Research Centre in 2003. It will last for three years and focus on optimising the crop loads and test different thinning agents under bloom and at different fruitlet stages. Different crop levels will be established during and after bloom by hand adjusted by trunk cross sectional area. The experimental trees will be monitored during a 3-year period. Traditional pomological observations will be registered included storage of the fruits where fruit quality will be measured. Leaf areas per tree will be calculated using an area meter. In addition different thinning chemicals will be tested according the program to the working group of European Fruit Research Institute Networks. Emphasis will be put on concentration and thinning periods of the agents ethephon, ammoniumthiosulphat and compounds that could be approved for organic growing like colza oil. Results from the 2003 season will be presented.
Forfattere
Mekjell MelandSammendrag
During the period 1998-2000, thinning trials were conducted using bloom thinners on mature European plum trees at Ullensvang Research Centre in western Norway. In 1998, unsprayed control and hand-thinned `Victoria" trees were compared with trees treated at full bloom with a single application of 1% Armothin® or 1.5% ammoniumthiosulphate (ATS). The same program was conducted in the following two years with the addition of a single full bloom treatment with 250 ppm ethephon and a post-bloom application one month after full bloom with the mixture 10 ppm 1-napththaleneacetic acid (NAA) and 75 ppm ethephon. Generally, thinning treatments reduced crop load and enhanced fruit quality (fruit size, soluble solid content, fruit firmness and ground and surface colour), but the results varied from year to year. Fruit set was reduced to about half of control values and the percentage of class 1 fruits was doubled compared to the control trees. All thinning compounds caused some minor leaf injury but no fruit damage. No differences in the amount of gummosis (internal disorder of the fruits) were observed due to treatments. Return bloom was improved by thinning.
Sammendrag
Det er ikke registrert sammendrag
Sammendrag
Fruktene nede og inne i frukttrekruna er mindre mogne med dårlegare fargeutvikling enn fruktene i toppen av frukttrea. Dette skuldast fyrst og fremst redusert ljostilgang. Ein reflekterande duk på bakken under plommetrea vil auka ljostilgangen og gje plommer med betre kvalitet og jamnare mogning. Målingar i vekstsesongen viste at den reflekterande duken gav meir ljos, medan ein ikkje registrerte auka temperatur i tre som vaks over reflekterande duk. Plommer dyrka over reflekterande duk hadde høgare innhald av oppløyst turrstoff, mindre syre og betre fargeutvikling samanlikna med kontrollen. Skilnaden var meir markert i nedre del av trea. Graset under duken var svekka, og i traktorspora gjekk graset ut.
Forfattere
Mekjell MelandSammendrag
Det er ikke registrert sammendrag
Sammendrag
Artiklen gjer greie for ulike måtar å støtta opp intensive eple- og pæreplantingar. Dette vert vist med teikningar kombinert med teknisk omtale.
Sammendrag
Det er ikke registrert sammendrag
Sammendrag
Det er ikke registrert sammendrag