Publikasjoner
NIBIOs ansatte publiserer flere hundre vitenskapelige artikler og forskningsrapporter hvert år. Her finner du referanser og lenker til publikasjoner og andre forsknings- og formidlingsaktiviteter. Samlingen oppdateres løpende med både nytt og historisk materiale. For mer informasjon om NIBIOs publikasjoner, besøk NIBIOs bibliotek.
2025
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Gjennom god agronomi og god forvaltning av nitrogenressurser forebygges tap av nitrogen. De viktigste tiltakene mot avrenning av nitrogen fra åkerarealer er balansert gjødsling, fangvekster, grasdekke, og ingen jordarbeiding om høsten. Rensetiltak for nitrogen i jordbruksavrenning, for eksempel våtmarker, er ikke tilstrekkelig utprøvd under norske forhold, men kan også være effektive tiltak.
Forfattere
Carey Donald Gunnhild Jaastad M.H. Flaigeng Sylvain Alain Yves Merel Josef Rasinger Marc HG Berntssen Ikram BelghitSammendrag
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Sammendrag
Land-use changes threaten ecosystems and are a major driver of species loss. Plants may adapt or migrate to resist global change, but this can lag behind rapid anthropogenic changes to the environment. Our data show that natural modulations of the microbiome of grassland plants in response to experimental land-use change in a common garden directly affect plant phenotype and performance, thus increasing plant tolerance. In contrast, direct effects of fertilizer application and mowing on plant phenotypes were less strong. Land-use intensity-specific microbiomes caused clearly distinguishable plant phenotypes also in a laboratory experiment using gnotobiotic strawberry plants in absence of environmental variation. Therefore, natural modulations of the plant microbiome may be key to species persistence and ecosystem stability. We argue that a prerequisite for this microbiome-mediated tolerance is the availability of diverse local sources of microorganisms facilitating rapid modulations in response to change. Thus, conservation efforts must protect microbial diversity, which can help mitigate the effects of global change and facilitate environmental and human health.
Populærvitenskapelig – Torvuttak i det norske klimagassregnskapet
Katharina Hobrak, Gunnhild Søgaard
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Norge utarbeider og sender hvert år inn et nasjonalt klimagassregnskap til FNs klimakonvensjon. Utslipp fra torvproduksjon er en del av dette. I 2015, 2021 og 2023 har det vært gjennomført spørreundersøkelser for å kartlegge omfanget av torvuttak i Norge. Disse tallene blir brukt i det nasjonale klimagassregnskapet. Basert på spørreundersøkelsene var det i perioden 2015–2023 et årlig uttak på gjennomsnittlig 297 000 m3. Dette gir et utslipp på 77 068 tonn CO2-ekvivalenter årlig.
Forfattere
Komi Mensah Agboka Elfatih M. Abdel-Rahman Daisy Salifu Brian Kanji Frank T. Ndjomatchoua Ritter Atoundem Guimapi Sunday Ekesi Landmann TobiasSammendrag
This study introduces a hybrid approach that combines unsupervised self-organizing maps (SOM) with a supervised convolutional neural network (CNN) to enhance model accuracy in vector-borne disease modeling. We applied this method to predict insecticide resistance (IR) status in key malaria vectors across Africa. Our results show that the combined SOM/CNN approach is more robust than a standalone CNN model, achieving higher overall accuracy and Kappa scores among others. This confirms the potential of the SOM/CNN hybrid as an effective and reliable tool for improving model accuracy in public health applications. • The hybrid model, combining SOM and CNN, was implemented to predict IR status in malaria vectors, providing enhanced accuracy across various validation metrics. • Results indicate a notable improvement in robustness and predictive accuracy over traditional CNN models. • The combined SOM/CNN approach demonstrated higher Kappa scores and overall model accuracy.
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Forfattere
Lisa Fagerli Lunde Tone Birkemoe Anne Sverdrup-Thygeson Johan Asplund Rune Halvorsen O. Janne Kjønaas Jenni Nordén Sundy Maurice Inger Skrede Line Nybakken Håvard KauserudSammendrag
Boreal forests are important carbon sinks and host a diverse array of species that provide important ecosystem functions.Boreal forests have a long history of intensive forestry, in which even-aged management with clear-cutting has been thedominant harvesting practice for the past 50–80 years. As a second cycle of clear-cutting is emerging, there is an urgentneed to examine the effects of repeated clear-cutting events on biodiversity. Clear-cutting has led to reduced numbers ofold and large trees, decreased volumes of dead wood of varied decay stages and diameters, and altered physical andchemical compositions of soils. The old-growth boreal forest has been fragmented and considerably reduced. Here,we review short- and long-term (≥50 years) effects of clear-cutting on boreal forest biodiversity in four key substrates:living trees, dead wood, ground and soil. We then assess landscape-level changes (habitat fragmentation and edge effects)on this biodiversity. There is evidence for long-term community changes af
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