Publikasjoner
NIBIOs ansatte publiserer flere hundre vitenskapelige artikler og forskningsrapporter hvert år. Her finner du referanser og lenker til publikasjoner og andre forsknings- og formidlingsaktiviteter. Samlingen oppdateres løpende med både nytt og historisk materiale. For mer informasjon om NIBIOs publikasjoner, besøk NIBIOs bibliotek.
2006
Forfattere
Dag-Ragnar BlystadSammendrag
I Norge gir dette viruset først og fremst skade i potet. Det er ett av to virus som gir nekrotiske ringer i potetknoller. Men som hagebruker blir en først og fremst kjent med viruset gjennom de symptomene en kan se i stauder, og blant dem er peon den viktigste. Symptomene i peon kan bestå i alt fra svak fargeskifting i de grønne bladene " mosaikk " til kraftige gule båndmønstre og ringstrukturer.
Forfattere
Arne StensvandSammendrag
Raud marg (Phytopphthora fragariae var. fragariae) er ein karanteneskadegjerar som angrip jordbær og nokre andre artar innan rosefamilien.
Forfattere
Arne StensvandSammendrag
Raud rotròte (Phytophthora fragariae var. rubi) er ein karanteneskadegjerar som angrip bringebær og hybridar av bringebær.
Forfattere
Anne Straumfors Karl-Christian Nordby Wijnand Eduard Sonja KlemsdalSammendrag
Inhalation of immunomodulating mycotoxins produced by Fusarium spp. that are commonly found in grain dust may imply health risks for grain farmers. Airborne Fusarium and mycotoxin exposure levels are mainly unknown due to difficulties in identifying Fusarium and mycotoxins in personal aerosol samples. We used a novel real-time PCR method to quantify the fungal trichodiene synthase gene (tri5) and DNA specific to F. langsethiae and F. avenaceum in airborne and settled grain dust, determined the personal inhalant exposure level to toxigenic Fusarium during various activities, and evaluated whether quantitative measurements of Fusarium-DNA could predict trichothecene levels in grain dust. Airborne Fusarium-DNA was detected in personal samples even from short tasks (10-60 min). The median Fusarium-DNA level was significantly higher in settled than in airborne grain dust (p < 0.001), and only the F. langsethiae-DNA levels correlated significantly in settled and airborne dust (r(s) = 0.20, p = 0.003). Both F. langsethiae-DNA and tri5-DNA were associated with HT-2 and T-2 toxins (r(s) = 0.24-0.71, p < 0.05 to p < 00.01) in settled dust, and could thus be suitable as indicators for HT-2 and T-2. The median personal inhalant exposure to specific toxigenic Fusarium spp. was less than 1 genome m(-3), but the exposure ranged from 0-10(5) genomes m(-3). This study is the first to apply real-time PCR on personal samples of inhalable grain dust for the quanti. cation of tri5 and species- specific Fusarium-DNA, which may have potential for risk assessments of inhaled trichothecenes.
Sammendrag
Det er ikke registrert sammendrag
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Det er ikke registrert sammendrag
Forfattere
Fride Høistad ScheiSammendrag
Det er ikke registrert sammendrag
Sammendrag
Det er ikke registrert sammendrag
Forfattere
Leif Ollila Martin E Smith Steinar Wikan Paul E Aspholm Hans Geir EikenSammendrag
In recent years there have been an increaseing number of observations of brown bear in the Pasvik Valley, Northern Norway. Based on observation from general public, a study of sighting of bear close or distant human instatlation from correlated to the development of the bear population, has been carried out to reveal if there has been a shange in the brown bear appearence close to human instatlation.
Forfattere
Hugh RileySammendrag
Resultater for 1998-2004 er rapportert fra fire langvarige (25-28 år) jordarbeidingsforsøk, der konvensjonell høstpløying er sammenlignet med redusert jordarbeiding, som regel grunn harving bare om våren. Results for 1998-2004 are reported from four long-term (25-28 years) tillage trials, comparing conventional autumn ploughing with reduced tillage, normally spring harrowing only. Plant residues were retained during the period studied. The weather was somewhat wetter than the 1961-1990 normal. Results with reduced tillage were mostly similar to those seen in earlier trial periods. In Trial 1, mean grain yield was 95% with spring harrowing only versus autumn ploughing, 96% when harrowing in autumn was performed as well and 97% when the soil was ploughed every third year. In Trial 2 positive crop rotation effects were found both with and without ploughing, and reduced tillage gave 5% lower grain yield in this trial also. In Trial 3, tillage system did not affect yields of cereals grown in rotation with potatoes, but reduced tillage gave 12% lower potato yield than ploughing. Little difference in response to N fertilizer was found. In Trial 4, reduced tillage on large-scale (0.7 ha) plots gave 11% lower grain yields than annual ploughing, partly due to shallow sowing depth. No long-term trend in the yield responses to tillage was discernible in any trial, and between-year variability was similar with both ploughing and reduced tillage. Percentage yields with reduced tillage relative to annual ploughing correlated positively with rainfall in May and with mean air temperature in August. It is concluded that the reduced tillage systems studied are sustainable in terms of productivity, relative to labour, machinery and energy inputs. Likely benefits of such systems include higher levels of organic matter and aggregate stability in surface soil horizons, but a disadvantage is the need for frequent herbicide use to control perennial weeds.