Publikasjoner
NIBIOs ansatte publiserer flere hundre vitenskapelige artikler og forskningsrapporter hvert år. Her finner du referanser og lenker til publikasjoner og andre forsknings- og formidlingsaktiviteter. Samlingen oppdateres løpende med både nytt og historisk materiale. For mer informasjon om NIBIOs publikasjoner, besøk NIBIOs bibliotek.
2024
Forfattere
Live Lingaas Nesse Kristin Forfang Jannice Schau Slettemeås Snorre Hagen Marianne Sunde Abdelhameed Elameen Gro Skøien Johannessen Marianne Stenrød Girum Tadesse Tessema Marit Almvik Hans Geir EikenSammendrag
The abundance and diversity of antimicrobial-resistant bacteria (ARB) and antimicrobial resistance genes (ARGs) in agricultural landscapes may be important for the spread of antimicrobial resistance (AMR) in the environment. The aim of this study was to apply screening methods for ARB and ARGs to investigate the impact of farming on the prevalence of AMR in a country with low antibiotic usage. We have analyzed samples (n = 644) from soil and wild terrestrial animals and plants (slugs, snails, mice, shrews, earthworms, and red clover) collected over two years in agricultural fields accompanied by nearby control areas with low human activity. All samples were investigated for the occurrence of 35 different ARGs using high-throughput quantitative PCR (HT-qPCR) on a newly developed DNA array. In addition, samples from the first year (n = 415) were investigated with a culture-based approach combined with whole-genome sequencing (WGS) to identify antimicrobial-resistant E. coli (AREC). ARGs were detected in 59.5% of all samples (2019 + 2020). AREC, which was only investigated in the 2019 samples, was identified in 1.9% of these. Samples collected in the autumn showed more ARGs and AREC than spring samples, and this was more pronounced for organic fields than for conventional fields. Control areas with low human activity showed lower levels of ARGs and a lack of AREC. The use of livestock manure was correlated with a higher level of ARG load than other farming practices. None of the soil samples contained antibiotics, and no association was found between AMR and the levels of metals or pesticides. High qualitative similarity between HT-qPCR and WGS, together with the positive controls to the validation of our 35 ARG assays, show that the microfluid DNA array may be an efficient screening tool on environmental samples. In conclusion, even in a country with a very low consumption of antimicrobials by production animals, our results support the hypothesis of these animals being a source of AREC and ARGs in agricultural environments, primarily through the use of manure.
Sammendrag
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Forfattere
Marianne Bechmann Frederik Bøe Hans Olav Eggestad Anastasija Isidorova Sigrun Kvernø Kathinka Lang Roger Holten Åge MolversmyrRedaktører
Hanne UgstadSammendrag
Program for jord- og vannovervåking i landbruket (JOVA) ledes av NIBIO divisjon for miljø og naturressurser og gjennomføres i samarbeid med Divisjon for bioteknologi og plantehelse, flere av forskningsstasjonene i NIBIO og andre institusjoner. JOVA overvåker jordbruksdominerte nedbørfelt over hele landet, og feltene representerer ulike driftsformer og ulike jordbunns-, hydrologiske og klimatiske forhold. JOVA rapporterer årlig om jordbruksdrift, avrenning og tap av partikler, næringsstoffer. Tap av partikler og næringsstoffer rapporteres for agrohydrologisk år, 1. mai – 1. mai. Tap av plantevernmidler overvåkes i for fem av feltene og rapporteres for kalenderår.
Forfattere
Tatsiana Espevig Kristine Sundsdal Victoria Stornes Moen Erik Lysøe Monica Skogen Marina Usoltseva Kate Entwistle Sabine Braitmaier Carlos Guerrero Karin NormanSammendrag
Det er ikke registrert sammendrag
Forfattere
Tatsiana Espevig Kristine Sundsdal Victoria Stornes Moen Erik Lysøe Monica Skogen Marina Usoltseva Kate Entwistle Sabine Braitmaier Carlos GuerreroSammendrag
Myntflekk (dollar spot på engelsk) er forårsaket av Clarireedia sopper (tidligere Sclerotinia), og er en av de økonomisk viktigste sykdommene på golfbaner. Tidligere ble minst to sopparter som forårsaker myntflekk påvist på skandinaviske golfbaner (Espevig et al., 2015; Espevig et al., 2017), men etter at navnet på sopp-slekten ble endret fra Sclerotinia til Clarireedia i 2018 (Salgado-Salazar et al., 2018), er det funnet minst fem Clarireedia-arter i Skandinavia dag. Målet med denne studien var å finne ut hvilke av disse Clarireedia-artene som forårsaker myntflekk i Europa.
Forfattere
Tatsiana Espevig Kristine Sundsdal Victoria Stornes Moen Erik Lysøe Monica Skogen Marina Usoltseva Kate Entwistle Sabine Braitmaier Carlos Guerrero Peter EdmanSammendrag
Det er ikke registrert sammendrag
Sammendrag
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Sammendrag
Det er ikke registrert sammendrag
Forfattere
Karin Juul Hesselsøe Anne Friederike Borchert Trond Olav Pettersen Atle Beisland Kristine Sundsdal Victoria Stornes Moen Erik Lysøe Monica Skogen Carl Frisk Tatsiana Espevig Christian Spring Mark Ferguson Matthew Clark Liam Hargreaves Martin Nilsson Wolfgang Prämaßing Lukas Borrink Daniel R. Hunt Julian Siebert Axel Städler Yuri Lebedin Valentina Maygurova Anna Antropova Tatiana Gagkaeva Marina Usoltseva Kate Entwistle Sabine Braitmaier Carlos Guerrero Ingeborg M. Hokkanen Heikki HokkanenSammendrag
Integrated Pest Management (IPM) refers to the integration of all available techniques for control of diseases, harmful insects and weeds and keep the use of pesticides to levels that are economically justified and environmentally sustainable (FAO, 2016). In compliance with regulations 2009/128/EU and 2009/1107/EU, the five Nordic countries, UK, the Netherlands, Germany, Portugal and Italy have all imposed strict regulations on pesticide use (STERF, 2016). In this context, a main challenge for golf courses is to secure high-quality playing conditions for current and future generations while at the same time reducing the dependency on chemical plant protection products. IPM has for many years been one of STERF’s highest research priorities with a focus on: Evaluation and management of turfgrass species, varieties and mixtures to create more disease resistant, stress tolerant and weed-competitive turf (i); Identification and understanding the biology and proliferation of harmful organisms in turf (ii) Safer and more efficient use of pesticides (including reduced risk for surface runoff and leaching to the environment (http://www.sterf.org/sv/projects/project-list?pid=12) (iii). Due to common EU directives, global warming and other reasons, golf courses in other parts of Northern Europe mostly experience the same IPM challenges as in the Nordic countries. This project addresses UN’s Sustainable Development Goals 12, 13 and 15 as described by R&A and STERF in ‘Golf Course Scandinavia 2030’. It is also a direct follow-up of R&A’s GC2030 ‘Action Plans for ‘Golf Course Condition and Playability’ (1) and ‘Resources’ which request projects that identify alternative approaches to pesticide use and discuss their efficacy (2). The overall goal of this project was to investigate cultural practices and new technologies for prevention and control of the two most important and destructive turfgrass diseases on golf course putting greens - microdochium patch and dollar spot, and to get insight on situation and methods for prevention and control of insect pests on golf courses with a minimum use of pesticides in the Nordic countries.
Sammendrag
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