Publikasjoner
NIBIOs ansatte publiserer flere hundre vitenskapelige artikler og forskningsrapporter hvert år. Her finner du referanser og lenker til publikasjoner og andre forsknings- og formidlingsaktiviteter. Samlingen oppdateres løpende med både nytt og historisk materiale. For mer informasjon om NIBIOs publikasjoner, besøk NIBIOs bibliotek.
2016
Sammendrag
Prohexadione-Ca, an acylcylohexadione, is a plant growth retardant jointly developed by BASF, Germany and Kumiai Chemical Industry, Japan. In 2012, a trial on 11-year-old 'Aroma'/'M 9' apple trees growing on the experimental farm at NIBIO Ullensvang, western Norway was initiated. Trees were treated with prohexadione-Ca (trade name Regalis®, 10% prohexadione-Ca as active ingredient) 10 days after full bloom (June 6) at concentrations of 125 or 250 g ha-1; other trees were also sprayed 10 days after full bloom and again one month later (July 5) at the same concentrations and compared against an untreated control. Treatments were applied to individual whole trees in a randomized complete block design with four replications. Prohexadione-Ca treatments significantly reduced shoot growth of treated apple trees. Two treatments with 125 g or one treatment of 250 g reduced growth by ~80%. Prohexadione-Ca had little effect on yield and fruit quality. Shoot growth was also retarded in the year following application and this is attributed to a carry over effect of the prohexadione-Ca application(s).
Forfattere
Kenan Kanlic Belma Kalamujic Jasmin Grahic Åsmund Asdal Mekjell Meland Mirsad Kurtovic Fuad GasiSammendrag
Triploid apple cultivars are often favored by human selection due to their increased fruit size, even though they possess higher requirements in terms of pollination compared to their diploid counterparts. However, similar to the sensory characteristics, preferences for the size and shape of apple fruit are not universal, but culturally dependent. In order to investigate the influence of selection pressure on the frequency of triploid genotypes among different traditional apple germplasms, 141 apple accessions maintained in ex situ collections in Norway and 115 traditional and international apple accessions from Bosnia and Herzegovina (B&H) were analyzed using 8 microsatellite markers. Genotypes possessing more than two alleles per locus were deemed to be triploid. The results of SSR analyses from this and comparable studies indicate that the triploid apple cultivars are much more frequent among the traditional apple germplasm from Southern Europe than they are among the traditional apple germplasm from Northern Europe. The possible causes for these results are also discussed.
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Sammendrag
The response of three-year-old 'Summerred' trees to crop load regulation by the chemical thinning agent Brevis® was tested in comparison with different levels of hand thinning. Brevis® was applied once or twice at a dosage of 1.1 and 2.2 kg ha-1 when fruitlets were approximately 15 and 19 mm in diameter at the time of the first and second application, respectively. All Brevis® applications significantly reduced the number of fruits tree-1. Both the single application of 2.2 kg ha-1 and the two-fold application of 1.1 kg ha-1 thinned the tree to the target crop load level of 30 apples tree-1. The degree of thinning by the single application of 1.1 kg ha-1 Brevis® did not significantly increase fruit weight and resulted in a very strong inhibition of return bloom similar to that observed in the untreated controls and trees hand thinned to 60 fruits tree-1. Return bloom was positively related to the level of thinning obtained. At the target fruit load of about 30 apples tree-1, return bloom was around 40% of the bloom in the year of the thinning trial. A further thinning to circa 15 fruits tree-1 increased return bloom to approximately 60%. In conclusion, 'Summerred' trees planted as two-year-old feathered trees should not bear more than 20 to 25 fruits tree-1 in their 3rd leaf in a northern climate to avoid the onset of biennial bearing and to ensure regular annual yields. Only then sufficient numbers of flower buds will develop to have the chance to obtain a good crop in the next year.
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Swede is a root vegetable grown under a range of growth conditions that may influence the product quality. The objective of this controlled climate study was to find the effect of growth temperature on sensory quality and the contents of glucosinolates, vitamin C and soluble sugars. High temperature (21 °C) enhanced the intensities of sensory attributes like pungent odour, bitterness, astringency and fibrousness, while low temperature (9 °C) was associated with acidic odour, sweet taste, crispiness and juiciness. Ten glucosinolates were quantified, with progoitrin as the dominant component followed by glucoberteroin, both with highest content at 21 °C. Vitamin C also had its highest content at 21 °C, while the total sugar content was lowest at this temperature. In conclusion, the study demonstrated clear effects of growth temperature on sensory quality and some chemical properties of swede and indicated a good eating quality of swedes grown at low temperatures.
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