Publikasjoner
NIBIOs ansatte publiserer flere hundre vitenskapelige artikler og forskningsrapporter hvert år. Her finner du referanser og lenker til publikasjoner og andre forsknings- og formidlingsaktiviteter. Samlingen oppdateres løpende med både nytt og historisk materiale. For mer informasjon om NIBIOs publikasjoner, besøk NIBIOs bibliotek.
2006
Sammendrag
Det er ikke registrert sammendrag
Forfattere
Linda H. Pardo P. H. Templer C. L. Goodale S. Duke P. M. Groffman M. B. Adams P. Boeckx J. Boggs J. Campbell B. Coleman J. Compton Bridget A Emmett Per Gundersen O. Janne Kjønaas G. Lovett M. Mack Alison Magill M. Mbila Myron J. Mitchell G. McGee Steven McNulty Knute Nadelhoffer S. Ollinger D. Ross H. Rueth Lindsey Rustad P. Schaberg Sheryl Schiff Patrick Schleppi J Spoelstra Wim WesselSammendrag
N saturation induced by atmospheric N deposition can have serious consequences for forest health in many regions. In order to evaluate whether foliar d15N may be a robust, regional-scale measure of the onset of N saturation in forest ecosystems, we assembled a large dataset on atmospheric N deposition, foliar and root d15N and N concentration, soil C:N, mineralization and nitrification. The dataset included sites in northeastern North America, Colorado, Alaska, southern Chile and Europe. Local drivers of N cycling (net nitrification and mineralization, and forest floor and soil C:N) were more closely coupled with foliar d15N than the regional driver of N deposition. Foliar d15N increased non-linearly with nitrification:mineralization ratio and decreased with forest floor C:N. Foliar d15N was more strongly related to nitrification rates than was foliar N concentration, but concentration was more strongly correlated with N deposition. Root d15N was more tightly coupled to forest floor properties than was foliar d15N. We observed a pattern of decreasing foliar d15N values across the following species: American beech>yellow birch>sugar maple. Other factors that affected foliar d15N included species composition and climate. Relationships between foliar d15N and soil variables were stronger when analyzed on a species by species basis than when many species were lumped. European sites showed distinct patterns of lower foliar d15N, due to the importance of ammonium deposition in this region. Our results suggest that examining d15N values of foliage may improve understanding of how forests respond to the cascading effects of N deposition.
Forfattere
Lise GrøvaSammendrag
Presentasjon av forskningsprosjektet: Improved welfare in sheep production. Preventive measures, disease resistance and robustness related to tick-borne fever in sheep.
Sammendrag
God dyrevelferd er et av økologisk landbruk sine viktigste kvalitetsstempel. Økologisk landbruk skal være en spydspiss innen god dyrevelferd. Er økologisk landbruk det? Og hvordan kan vi sikre at dyr på økologiske bruk virkelig har det godt?
Sammendrag
Organic Cow Comfort is an advisory tool in animal welfare, developed to secure animal welfare on organic dairy farms in Norway. The farm advisory tool consists of * A farm visit by a veterinarian and a production advisor both specialized in animal welfare and organic farming * An evaluation of herd health and welfare through welfare assessment * Advice on disease prevention and improve-ment of animal welfare * Follow up visit by an advisor looking at im-plementation of new initiatives * Counselling meetings with groups of farmer The evaluation of herd health and welfare is done with the help of checklists where animal based pa-rameters, farm management and operating systems, and human-animal relationship are recorded. A report is prepared after every farm visit with a health and welfare plan where specific measures for improve-ment of animal welfare are outlined.
Sammendrag
I økologisk landbruk er god dyrevelferd en viktig målsetning. Økologisk landbruk skal være en spydspiss på dette området.
Sammendrag
I økologisk landbruk er god dyrevelferd en viktig målsetning. Økologisk landbruk skal være en spydspiss på dette området.
Sammendrag
This study evaluates the decay and termite resistance of Scots pine (Pinus sylvestris L.) treated with 4-methoxytrityl tetrafluoroborate (MTFB).Decay resistance tests of unleached samples showed that 2%, 1.5% and 1% concentrations of MTFB (15.4kg/m3, 11.1kg/m3, and 7.4kg/m3, retention levels, respectively) gave less than 2% decay of Postia placenta and concentrations of 2% and 1.5% less than 2% decay of Coniophora puteana.Wood specimens treated with 4-methoxytrityl tetrafluoroborate solutions were not protected against the brown rot fungi after a 14-day severe leaching process, suggesting excessive leaching of the chemical from wood. Treatment with 2% concentration protected against subterranean termites, Coptotermes formosanus Shiraki based on mass losses in both leached and unleached wood specimens in comparison with lower concentration levels.These results suggest that 4-methoxytrityl tetrafluoroborate might be promising to protect wood being used outdoors against termite attack. However, 4-methoxytrityl tetrafluoroborate did not protect wood against fungal decay. Field tests are needed to observe the performance of 4-methoxytrityl tetrafluoroborate treated wood in ground contact.
Sammendrag
In Norway exterior wood structures have traditionally nearly exclusively been made of treated and untreated Norway spruce (Picea abies (L.) Karst) and Scots pine (Pinus sylvestris L.). In recent years there has been a tendency that other tree species, like various domestic hardwoods and imported species have been used in exterior above ground applications, often unfinished. For several wood species, especially hardwoods, information regarding the durability in use class 3 is lacking. The test procedures prescribed in the European standards, both laboratory and field tests, have some weaknesses regarding to natural durability testing. Hence, some new methods for accelerated above ground testing have been put forward. The main objectives of this project are to evaluate natural durability of Norwegian wood species for above ground applications, and to study various methods for assessing decay in wood. This paper presents the material and methods used in the project, and report the results from double layer tests after one year of exposure. No decay was detected, but almost all wood species were considerably discoloured. Thuja (Norw.), Thuja (Am.), Intsia and Tectona had the least amount of discolouration. The Norwegian softwood species had generally less discolouration than the Norwegian hardwood species. CCA and Cu preservative impregnated and FA modified Pinus sylvestris sapwood had more cracks than most of the untreated wood species. Moreover, some of the Picea abies qualities and Pinus sylvestris sapwood samples had substantial amounts of cracks.
Sammendrag
Det er ikke registrert sammendrag