Publikasjoner
NIBIOs ansatte publiserer flere hundre vitenskapelige artikler og forskningsrapporter hvert år. Her finner du referanser og lenker til publikasjoner og andre forsknings- og formidlingsaktiviteter. Samlingen oppdateres løpende med både nytt og historisk materiale. For mer informasjon om NIBIOs publikasjoner, besøk NIBIOs bibliotek.
2010
Forfattere
Tatsiana Espevig Michelle DaCosta Trygve S. Aamlid Anne Marte Tronsmo Bruce B. Clarke Bingru HuangSammendrag
Cold acclimation plays a decisive role in turfgrass winter survival. This study was performed in collaboration with Rutgers University and University of Massachusetts (USA) to examine changes in carbohydrate levels in crown tissues during the first and second phases of cold acclimation in velvet bentgrass (Agrostis canina L.) and creeping bentgrass (A. stolonifera L.), and their association with freezing tolerance.. Four treatments representing different phases of cold acclimation were compared: (i) nonacclimated plants maintained at 18 °C/12 °C (day/night); (ii) plants acclimated at 2 °C for 2 wk and 250 μmol m-2 s-1 for 12 h photoperiod ; (iii) as treatment (ii) but for 4 wk; and (iv) as treatment (iii) plus additional sub-zero acclimation in the dark at -2 °C for 2 wk. Velvet bentgrass and creeping bentgrass showed no difference in lethal temperatures for 50% of the test population (LT50) as estimated by whole plant survival. Acclimation at 2 °C for 2 and 4 weeks resulted in accumulation of sucrose and fructans, and significantly lowered LT50 as compared with nonacclimated plants. Subzero acclimation resulted in less fructans, no difference in sucrose, and higher concentration of reducing sugars, but LT50 was not lower than after acclimation at 2 °C for 4 weeks.
Sammendrag
The results from two field trials (Landvik and Apelsvoll) showed that the use of a proper combination of nitrogen rate and topdressing level is very important for thatch control. In coastal areas with ample rainfall, velvet bentgrass should be dusted with find sand every week or at least every other week, totalling around 10-14 mm per season. Nitrogen rate should be held at a level just to get an acceptable color. Weekly grooming, monthly verticutting and spiking twice a year are also needed to control thatch on velvet bentgrass greens, but heavy mechanical treatments should be avoided due to slow recuperative capacity of velvet bentgrass.
Sammendrag
Det er ikke registrert sammendrag
Sammendrag
The primary objective of this research was to make a first evaluation of Hydrolysed Salmon Protein (HSP 15-1-2), a by-product from Norwegian fishing industry, as liquid fertilizer for turfgrass grow-in and maintenance. HSP 15-1-2 was compared, either alone or in combination with Superba Gul 4-4-20, with four other liquid fertilizers / combinations: (1) Calcinit (Ca NO3)2) + Superba Gul 4-4-20; (2) Arena Crystal 19-2-15, (3) Flex 10-0-8 and (4) Plant Marvel 28-8-18 / 15-0-15. The fertilizers were compared in two greenhouse experiments growing Agrostis stolonifera on columns filled with 30 cm USGA-spec. sand above gravel. In expt. 1 the products were compared at two irrigation levels (1 x ET and 2x ET) during turfgrass grow-in; in Expt. 2 as maintenance fertilizer to established turf at weekly rates of 0.05 and 0.1 kg N/100m2. HSP resulted in better turfgrass quality when applied together with Superba Gul than when given as the only fertilizer. Plant Marvel produced the best turfgrass quality in the maintenance experiment.
Sammendrag
Det er ikke registrert sammendrag
Sammendrag
Infiltrasjon er den foretrukne metode for behandling av avløp i spredt bebyggelse dersom forholdene ligger til rette. Før bygging av infiltrasjonsanlegg er det nødvendig å utføre tilfredsstillende grunnundersøkelser. Grunnundersøkelser skal derfor gjennomføres før det foretas valg av teknologi dersom det ikke er opplagt at infiltrasjon er uegnet. Plan for gjennomføring av grunnundersøkelser deles opp i forundersøkelse, områdebefaring og detaljundersøkelser. Undersøkelsene skal gi svar på grunnens: infiltrasjonskapasitet hydraulisk kapasitet egenskaper som rensemedium Den kunnskap og data som fremkommer skal gi svar på om infiltrasjon er en egnet metode og hvordan anlegget skal bygges. Rapporten supplerer gjeldende bransjestandard for bygging av lukkede infiltrasjonsanlegg, omtalt i VA/Miljøblad 59.Rapporten er en webtilpasset oppdatering av NORVAR rapport 49/1994 tilpasset Forurensningsforskriftens kap. 12. Rapportens hoveddel er en relativt kortfattet gjennomgang av prosedyrer for gjennomføring av en grunnundersøkelse. Rapporten tar for seg planlegging av infiltrasjon for mindre avløp (< 50 pe). Metodikken vil også være relevant for større anlegg. Det er henvisninger til vedlegg hvor stoffet er utdypet i læreboksform. Det er lagt inn eksterne lenker til relevant informasjon. Versjon 2 av rapporten med flere oppdaterte figurer vil etter planen foreligge i 2010/11 som en web versjon på http://www.avlop.no/ og en rapport i Norsk Vann sin rapportserie.
Forfattere
Csilla Farkas Giorgio Alberti János Balogh Zoltan Barcza Márta Birkás Szilárd Czóbel Kenneth J Davis Ernõ Führer Györgyi Gelybó Balázs Grosz N Kljun S Koós A Machon H Marjanovic Zlotan Nagy Alessandro Peressotti Krisztina Pintér Eszter Tóth László HorváthSammendrag
Measurement of biosphere-atmosphere exchange of various greenhouse gases requires different techniques. In case of carbon dioxide the net ecosystem exchange (NEE) is usually measured by the eddy covariance method. In the lack of these measurements in forests the carbon dioxide uptake can be estimated by detecting changes in sequestrated carbon stocks or by using tree growth (dendrometric) measurements. The soil CO2, CH4 and N2O efflux/exchange rates can be determined using in situ chamber techniques, or laboratory incubation measurements. Static and dynamic, manual and automatic chamber methods, as well as photo acoustic, gas chromatography and infrared detections can be used for this purpose. This chapter gives a general overview of the approaches applied in studies presented in this book for evaluating the greenhouse gas exchange between the biosphere and atmosphere.
Forfattere
Eszter Tóth Zoltan Barcza Márta Birkás Györgyi Gelybó József Zsembeli László Bottlik Kenneth J Davis László Haszpra Anikó Kern Natascha Kljun Sándor Koós Györgyi Kovács Attila Stingli Csilla FarkasSammendrag
An overview of carbon dioxide (CO2) exchange and soil respiration measurements is given for representative Hungarian agroecosystems. We present results of long term atmosphere/biosphere CO2 exchange measurements carried out at the Hungarian tall tower site (Hegyhátsál). Tall tower net ecosystem exchange (NEE) measurements provided consistent estimates of landscape-wide carbon dioxide dynamics. During the period of 1997-2008 the region mostly behaved as a net CO2 sink on annual scale. Year-round NEE was in the range of 352±49 g C m 2 year-1 and 43±9 g C m-2 year-1 (negative values indicate uptake). The measurements are representative to a mixture of arable lands with small contribution from other biome types. Effects of different soil tillage methods - applied in two long term tillage experiments (Józsefmajor, Karcag) and in a peach orchard (Vác) - on soil CO2 emission are also introduced. Soil respiration rate highly depended on the depth of soil disturbance and on the date of the measurements; CO2 emissions measured immediately after tillage applications and during the vegetation period showed contradictory tendencies. Results obtained from a newly developed laboratory CO2 emission measurement method indicated strong coherences between soil carbon dioxide fluxes and soil water potential values.
Forfattere
Johannes Deelstra Csilla Farkas Alexander Engebretsen Sigrun Kværnø Stein Beldring Alicja Olszewska Lars NesheimSammendrag
Forfattere
Hallvard JensenSammendrag
Norge har mange store innsjøer med muligheter for ådrive næringsfiske og matproduksjon basert på innlandsfiskeressursene.Næringsfisket har imidlertid mange økologiske og økonomiske flaskehalser som gjørlønnsom drift til litt av en utfordring.