Publikasjoner
NIBIOs ansatte publiserer flere hundre vitenskapelige artikler og forskningsrapporter hvert år. Her finner du referanser og lenker til publikasjoner og andre forsknings- og formidlingsaktiviteter. Samlingen oppdateres løpende med både nytt og historisk materiale. For mer informasjon om NIBIOs publikasjoner, besøk NIBIOs bibliotek.
2011
Sammendrag
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Sammendrag
I Norge har avrenning fra jordbruket vært viktig for vannkvaliteten i lang tid. Program for jord- og vannovervåking i landbruket ble satt i gang i 1992 og omfatter overvåking av jord- og næringsstofftap i 10 jordbruksdominerte nedbørfelt. Denne artikkelen tar sikte på å beskrive vannkvaliteten i to av de overvåkede bekkene (Skuterud- og Mørdre bekken). Vannføringsproporsjonale bland prøver fra bekkene ble tatt ut hver 14. dag i overvåkingsperioden. Prøvene ble analysert for 23 utvalgte vannkvalitetsparametere (pH, EC, SS, gløderest, DRP, TP, TN, NO3-N, Na, K, Ca, Mg, Al, Fe, Zn, Cu, Mn, B, Mo, Si, Cl, HCO3, SO4). For noen nedbørfelt blir også pesticidavrenning overvåket resultatene fra disse analyser er ikke tatt med her. Resultatene fra de 23 vannkvalitetsparametere viser at avrenning fra nedbørfeltene til Skuterud- og Mørdre bekken inneholder betydelige konsentrasjoner av flere stoffer. Konsentrasjonen av jordpartikler og næringsstoffer er høyere om våren og høsten sammenlignet med vinter og sommer på grunn av jordbruksdriften og været. I følge klassegrenser definert under EUs RDV betyr konsentrasjonene av totalfosfor og totalnitrogen at bekkene har dårlig vannkvalitet. Konsentrasjonene for øvrig var stort sett under WHO/EU’s grenser for drikkevann, unntatt Fe (0,75-2,8 mg L-1) og Al (1,1-3,9 mg L-1). Det er behov for nærmere undersøkelse av de høye konsentrasjonene av Fe og Al.
Sammendrag
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Sammendrag
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Sammendrag
In recent years the harmonization of methods in the frame of the International Co-operative Programme on Assessment and Monitoring of Air Pollution Effects on Forests (ICP Forests) operating under the UNECE Convention on Long-range Transboundary Air Pollution (CLRTAP) has been intensified. Among the C-actions of the FutMon project (LIFE07 ENV/D/000218; 2009-2010) the C1-Dep-22(SI) action was established with the goal to harmonize and develop the deposition monitoring procedures and sampling methods. The sampling equipment, spatial design of sampling plots and sampling frequency throughout Europe vary considerably. Therefore a step-by-step approach was made where the harmonized sampling equipment was developed and tested first. The selected collectors were installed at one observation plot of each participating country where measurements of throughfall and bulk deposition were run in parallel with the national collectors for a period of one year. To evaluate the agreement between methods, different statistical analyses were used including Altman-Bland plots, model II regression, and repeated measures ANOVA. Preliminary results from the “Intensive forest ecosystem monitoring plot” plot Brdo in NW Slovenia show a good agreement between national and harmonized bulk (both funnel-type) collectors, while comparison of throughfall measurements indicates systematic bias between harmonized (funnel-type) and national (gutter-type) collectors.
Forfattere
Amy M P Oen Barbara Beckingham Upal Gosh Marie Elmquist Kruså RG Luthy Thomas Hartnik Thomas Henriksen Gerard CornelissenSammendrag
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Sammendrag
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Sammendrag
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We used two datasets of 14C analyses of archived soil samples to study carbon turnover in O horizons from spruce dominated old-growth stands on well-drained podzols in Scandinavia. The main data set was obtained from archived samples from the National Forest Soil Inventory in Sweden and represents a climatic gradient in temperature. Composite samples from 1966, 1972, 1983 and 2000 from four different regions in a latitude gradient ranging from 57 to 67º N were analysed for 14C content. Along this gradient the C stock in the O horizon ranges from 2.1 kg m-2 in the north to 3.7 kg m-2 in the southwest. The other data set contains 14C analyses from 1986, 1987, 1991, 1996 and 2004 from the O horizons in Birkenes, Norway. Mean residence times (MRT) were calculated using a two compartment model, with a litter decomposition compartment using mass loss data from the literature for the threefirst years of decomposition and a humus decomposition compartment with a fitted constant turnover rate. We hypothesized that the climatic gradient would result in different C turnover in different parts of the country between northern and southern Sweden. The use of archived soil samples was very valuable for constraining the MRT calculations, which showed that there were differences between the regions. Longest MRT was found in the northernmost region (41 years), with decreasing residence times through the middle (36 years) and central Sweden (28 years), then again increasing in the southwestern region (40 years). The size of the soil organic carbon (SOC) pool in the O horizon was mainly related to differences in litter input and to a lesser degree to MRT. Because N deposition leads both to larger litter input and to longer MRT, we suggest that N deposition contributes significantly to the latitudinal SOC gradient in Scandinavia, with approximately twice as much SOC in the O horizon in the south compared to the north. The data from Birkenes was in good agreement with the Swedish dataset with MRT estimated to 34 years.
Forfattere
Ingun Tryland Lucy J Robertson Anne-Grete Buseth Blankenberg Markus Lindholm Thomas Rohrlack Helge LiltvedSammendrag
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