Publikasjoner
NIBIOs ansatte publiserer flere hundre vitenskapelige artikler og forskningsrapporter hvert år. Her finner du referanser og lenker til publikasjoner og andre forsknings- og formidlingsaktiviteter. Samlingen oppdateres løpende med både nytt og historisk materiale. For mer informasjon om NIBIOs publikasjoner, besøk NIBIOs bibliotek.
2024
Sammendrag
Compared to fluctuating soil water (FW) conditions, stable soil water (SW) can increase plant water use efficiency (WUE) and improve crop growth and aboveground yield. It is unknown, however, how stable and fluctuating soil water affect root vegetables. Here, the effects of SW and FW were studied on cherry radish in a pot experiment, using negative pressure irrigation and conventional irrigation, respectively. The assessed effects included agronomic parameters, physiological indices, yield, quality and WUE of cherry radish. Results showed that under similarly average soil water contents, compared with FW, SW increased plant photosynthetic rate, stomatal conductance and transpiration rate, decreased leaf proline content by 13.7–73.3% and malondialdehyde content by 12.5–40.0%, and increased soluble sugars content by 6.3–22.1%. Cherry radish had greater biomass accumulation and nutrient uptake in SW than in FW. Indeed, SW increased radish output by 34.6–94.1% with no influence on root/shoot ratio or root quality. In conclusion, soil water stability affected directly the water physiological indicators of cherry radish and indirectly its agronomic attributes and nutrient uptake, which in turn influenced the crop biomass and yield, as well as WUE. This study provides a new perspective for improving agronomy of root crops and WUE through managing soil water stability.
Sammendrag
Background: Soil water and organic carbon (C) are key factors affecting the growth and development of apple seedlings. The objective of the study was to investigate the effects of different soil moisture and glucose supplies on apple seedling growth and soil enzyme activities. We hypothesized that the growth of apple seedlings was affected by soil water and C content through their effects on root structure, plant physiological properties and soil enzymatic activities. A pot experiment consisting of nine treatments was set up, including three water treatments with soil moisture contents at 75–85% (normal irrigation, CK), 65–75% (light water stress, LS), and 55–65% (mild water stress, MS) of the soil field capacity, in combination with three glucose treatments with carbon/nitrogen (C/N) ratio of 7.5 (C1, no adding glucose), 10 (C2) and 15 (C3), respectively. Results: Results showed that the LSC2 treatment significantly increased plant height by 7%, stem diameter by 5% and leaf area by 17%, as compared with LSC1. Also, LSC2 significantly increased root dry weight, root vitality and soil enzyme activities. Moreover, results of leaf photosynthetic, malondialdehyde (MDA), peroxidase (POD), superoxide dismutase (SOD) and proline contents also proved that adding glucose improved the drought resistance of plants. Conclusion: LSC2 treatment is more conducive to the growth of apple seedlings, and application of carbon has a good alleviation effect on plant water stress. The study demonstrated that addition of exogenous glucose alleviated light water deficiency, significantly affected root vitality, and promoted apple seedling growth. © 2024 Society of Chemical Industry.
Sammendrag
Reasonable chemical nitrogen (N) reduction and water-soluble amino acid fertilizers (WAAF) application can mitigate the negative effects of excessive N supply. Here, we reported that a 30% N reduction (T1) led to attenuated plant growth and decreased fruit quality of strawberries, which could be overwhelmingly restored by additional WAAF application (T2). To explore the underlying mechanism, comparative transcriptomic analysis was performed. Results revealed significant expression changes of genes involved in metabolisms of starch and sucrose, ascorbate and aldarate, carbon (C) and N, glyoxylate and dicarboxylate and so on. In consistence with the increased ascorbic acid (AsA) content and sugar/acid ratio, WAAF application upregulated GLDH, SPS and β-GE genes and downregulated APX, ICL and MS genes. Additionally, the differential expression of PK, IDH, GDH and SPX was consistent with the shift from C flux to N metabolism and the improved phosphorus (P) accumulation resulted from WAAF application. Our study will be helpful for understanding the effect of N reduction and WAAF application on strawberry fruit quality.
Forfattere
Jian LiuSammendrag
Det er ikke registrert sammendrag
Forfattere
Helen Baulch J. Venkiteswaran K Painter Jian Liu D Spence K Nugent C Whitfield A Baron P Lloyd-Smith J Elliott H WilsonSammendrag
Det er ikke registrert sammendrag
Forfattere
Jian LiuSammendrag
Det er ikke registrert sammendrag
Forfattere
Jian LiuSammendrag
Det er ikke registrert sammendrag
Sammendrag
Agricultural sustainability is threatened by both water deficit and water excess, especially at the presence of extreme meteorological events resulting from climate change. However, there has been lack of demonstrations on management options with long-term values for agricultural adaptation to runoff. Using 20 years of monitoring data (1993–2012) for two experimental fields in the Canadian Prairies as a case study, we quantified the effects of rainfall characteristics, crop type and biomass, and tillage on growing-season runoff generation using regression analyses and thereafter scenario comparisons. With growing-season gross rainfall ranging between 183 and 456 mm, runoff responses varied between 0 and 59 mm. Over the 20-year study period, 70%–74 % of the growing season runoff was generated by rainfall events >100 mm. Compared to high-intensity tillage, long-term conservation tillage reduced both overall runoff and runoff in large events likely by improving water infiltration. Under both tillage methods, growing-season runoff significantly increased with increasing rainfall but decreased with increasing biomass (R2 range: 0.40–0.58; p range: 0.0007–0.02). At the event level, the rainfall-runoff relationship followed a piecewise regression model (Cd ¼ 0.82; p
Forfattere
Jian LiuSammendrag
Det er ikke registrert sammendrag
Forfattere
Robert BarneveldSammendrag
Det er ikke registrert sammendrag