Publikasjoner
NIBIOs ansatte publiserer flere hundre vitenskapelige artikler og forskningsrapporter hvert år. Her finner du referanser og lenker til publikasjoner og andre forsknings- og formidlingsaktiviteter. Samlingen oppdateres løpende med både nytt og historisk materiale. For mer informasjon om NIBIOs publikasjoner, besøk NIBIOs bibliotek.
2011
Sammendrag
Det er ikke registrert sammendrag
Forfattere
Carl Gunnar Fossdal Nadeem Yaqoob Halvor Solheim Jan Karlsson Benedicte Rieber AlbrectsenSammendrag
Det er ikke registrert sammendrag
Forfattere
Abdelhameed Elameen Sonja Klemsdal Heidi Udnes Aamot Gunn Strømeng Venche Talgø Jorunn Børve Arne StensvandSammendrag
Denne artikkelen omhandler genetiske diversitet hos norske isolat av soppen Colletotrichum acutatum.
Forfattere
Tao Zhao Paal Krokene Jiang Hu Erik Christiansen Niklas Björklund Bo Långström Halvor Solheim Anna-Karin Borg-KarlsonSammendrag
Background: Tree-killing bark beetles (Coleoptera, Scolytinae) are among the most economically and ecologically important forest pests in the northern hemisphere. Induction of terpenoid-based oleoresin has long been considered important in conifer defense against bark beetles, but it has been difficult to demonstrate a direct correlation between terpene levels and resistance to bark beetle colonization. Methods: To test for inhibitory effects of induced terpenes on colonization by the spruce bark beetle Ips typographus (L.) we inoculated 20 mature Norway spruce Picea abies (L.) Karsten trees with a virulent fungus associated with the beetle, Ceratocystis polonica (Siem.) C. Moreau, and investigated induced terpene levels and beetle colonization in the bark. Results: Fungal inoculation induced very strong and highly variable terpene accumulation 35 days after inoculation. Trees with high induced terpene levels (n = 7) had only 4.9% as many beetle attacks (5.1 vs. 103.5 attacks m22) and 2.6% as much gallery length (0.029 m m22 vs. 1.11 m m22) as trees with low terpene levels (n = 6). There was a highly significant rank correlation between terpene levels at day 35 and beetle colonization in individual trees. The relationship between induced terpene levels and beetle colonization was not linear but thresholded: above a low threshold concentration of ,100 mg terpene g21 dry phloem trees suffered only moderate beetle colonization, and above a high threshold of ,200 mg terpene g21 dry phloem trees were virtually unattacked. Conclusion/Significance: This is the first study demonstrating a dose-dependent relationship between induced terpenes and tree resistance to bark beetle colonization under field conditions, indicating that terpene induction may be instrumental in tree resistance. This knowledge could be useful for developing management strategies that decrease the impact of tree-killing bark beetles.
Forfattere
Paal Krokene Halvor Solheim Erik Christiansen Tao Zhao Jiang Hu Anna-Karin Borg-Karlson Niklas Björklund Bo LångströmSammendrag
Det er ikke registrert sammendrag
Sammendrag
Det er ikke registrert sammendrag
Sammendrag
Det er ikke registrert sammendrag
Forfattere
Anna Maria Jönsson Susanne Harding Paal Krokene Holger Lange Åke Lindelöw Bjørn Økland Hans Peter Ravn Leif Martin SchroederSammendrag
The Eurasian spruce bark beetle, Ips typographus, is one of the major forest insect pests in Europe, capable of mass-attacking and killing mature Norway spruce trees. The initiation and development of a new generation are strongly controlled by temperature and a warmer climate may affect the number of generations that is produced per year and hence the outbreak dynamics. Experimental knowledge regarding reproductive diapause adaptations is, however, too sparse for largescale assessments of future trends. We developed a model description of diapause induction, and used gridded observational temperature data to evaluate multiple combinations of day length and temperature thresholds to find the model parameterisation most coherent with I. typographus monitoring data from Scandinavia. The selected model parameterisation is supported by European literature data, though further experimental studies are required to analyse population specific adaptations and capacity for adjustments to changing climate conditions. Implementing the model description of reproductive diapause in a temperature driven model of bark beetle phenology (swarming activity and development from egg to mature bark beetle), enabled us to assess the length of the late summer swarming period that is a critical determinant of the risk of forest damage. By using regional climate model data we show that higher temperatures can result in increased frequency and length of late summer swarming events, producing a second generation in southern Scandinavia and a third generation in lowland parts of central Europe. Reproductive diapause will not prevent the occurrence of an additional generation per year, but the day length cues may restrict the length of the late summer swarming period.
Forfattere
Maria Herrero May Bente Brurberg Trond Rafoss Arild SlettenSammendrag
I 2010 ble det totalt analysert 112 prøver. Av disse mottok Bioforsk 74 merket "OK-program" og 38 uten henvisning til program. Patogenet ble påvist i 43 av prøvene. Av 2 analyserte importsendinger var 1 positiv. P.ramorum ble påvist i planteskoler og hagesentre i Sør-Norge. Det ble påvist hovedsakelig på rododendron, men på 4 lokaliteter ble det funnet på pyramidelyng (Pieris japonica). P. ramorum ble påvist også i parker og friområder på Vestlandet (Bergen og Stavanger-området). Det ble bare påvist på rododendron. De fleste prøver ble analysert med real-time PCR. Et mindre antall prøver ble analysert ved isolering på selektivt dyrkingsmedium
Forfattere
Maria HerreroSammendrag
Det er ikke registrert sammendrag