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Publikasjoner

NIBIOs ansatte publiserer flere hundre vitenskapelige artikler og forskningsrapporter hvert år. Her finner du referanser og lenker til publikasjoner og andre forsknings- og formidlingsaktiviteter. Samlingen oppdateres løpende med både nytt og historisk materiale. For mer informasjon om NIBIOs publikasjoner, besøk NIBIOs bibliotek.

2010

Sammendrag

The Svalbard Global Seed Vault provides facilities for the safety deposit of samples of seed of distinct genetic resources of importance to humanity, under black box arrangements and in permafrost conditions supplemented by refrigeration in accordance with internationally agreed standards. The Seed Vault was established by the Norwegian Government in 2008 at 78 degrees North in the Norwegian village of Longyearbyen, on Svalbard, the farthest north you can travel in the world on regularly scheduled commercial jet flight. It is managed in a tripartite arrangement between the Norwegian Ministry of Agriculture and Food, the Global Crop Diversity Trust and the Nordic Genetic Resource Center. The last organisation is responsible for the day to day operation and management and organises deposits in the Seed Vault. The Seed Vault offers the most secure back-up possible for a worldwide network of genebanks that together conserve and make available the biological foundation of agriculture. It contains duplicates of collections of all the world’s major seed crops and a huge range of minor crops. The Seed Vault has a capacity of 4.5 million distinct samples. The seeds are stored in “black-box conditions”, meaning that seed storage boxes remain the property of the institution that sent them, and are not even opened by any party other than the depositor. The storage is provided free of charge. At present, there are more than half a million seed samples in the Vault, origination from 212 countries of the world.

Sammendrag

I 2008 ble to forsøksfelt etablert i Rinnleiret og Ørin naturreservat i Nord-Trøndelag for å studere metodikk for bekjemping av rynkerose (Rosa rugosa). Oppdragsgiver var Direktoratet for naturforvaltning. Målet med prosjektet var å øke kunnskapen om bekjempelse av rynkerose ved å utvikle metoder og forsøksoppsett for mekanisk og kjemisk bekjempelse av rynkerosekratt i verneområder. Resultatene viser at tidspunkt for nedkapping og sprøyting er viktig. I forsøket hvor kun mekanisk fjerning av rynkerose ble brukt, viser resultatene at det er nødvendig å rydde krattene flere ganger i løpet av vekstsesongen. Denne rapporten presenterer resultatene etter to år med gjentatte behandlinger og en sluttrevisjon det påfølgende året. Ingen av tiltakene som ble gjennomført i forsøkerutene førte til fullstendig fjerning av rynkerose. To år med kontrolltiltak mot denne arten er for lite og bekjempelsen må følges opp systematisk over flere år dersom en skal lykkes i å fjerne rynkerose fra verdifulle kysthabitater. Det vil kunne gi verdifull tilleggsinformasjon om langtidseffekten av tiltakene dersom et par av de mest lovende behandlingene ble valgt ut for storskala praktisk forsøk.

Sammendrag

Le gel printanier peut etre dommageable pour les semis de Picea abies (L.) Karst. nouvellement plantes si leur rythme de croissance n'est pas suffisamment adapte aux conditions climatiques de la station forestiere. Les objectifs de cette etude consistaient a determiner de quelle facon le debourrement et la resistance au gel printanier sont influences par un traitement de jours courts (JC) appliques a differents moments et avec differents regimes de temperature durant la periode de formation des bourgeons. A la suite d'un entreposage hivernal, la resistance au gel a ete evaluee apres une, trois et cinq semaines dans des conditions de forcage. Le traitement JC a avance le debourrement comparativement aux semis temoins. Par comparaison, le moment du traitement et les differentes temperatures ont eu peu d'effet sur le debourrement. Le traitement JC a augmente la resistance au gel des aiguilles d'un an pendant la periode de desendurcissement. Applique tot, le traitement JC a augmente la resistance au gel des aiguilles d'un an et le diametre au collet comparativement a une application plus tardive. Il est important que la periode de noirceur atteigne une duree critique lorsque le traitement JC prend fin pour eviter une deuxieme eclosion des bourgeons. Des temperatures basses a la suite du traitement JC ont augmente la resistance au gel des aiguilles et diminue celle de la tige. Les effets contraires de la temperature sur differents tissus vegetaux demontrent l'importance d'examiner differents tissus apres des essais de gel-degel. Spring frost may result in detrimental damage in newly planted Picea abies (L.) Karst. seedlings if their growth rhythm is not sufficiently adapted to the climatic conditions on the forest site. The aims of this study were to evaluate how bud break and spring frost hardiness were influenced by short-day (SD) treatments with different timing and different temperature regimes during bud formation. Following winter storage, frost hardiness was tested after 1, 3 and 5 weeks in forcing conditions. The SD treatment advanced bud break compared with the control seedlings. In comparison, the effects of timing and the different temperatures on bud break were small. The SD treatment improved frost hardiness in first-year needles during dehardening. The early SD treatment resulted in improved frost hardiness in first-year needles and greater root collar diameter compared with later SD treatment. To avoid a second bud flush, it is important that a critical night length is attained when the SD treatment terminates. Low temperatures following the SD treatment resulted in increased hardiness of the needles and decreased hardiness of the stems. The contrasting effect of temperature in different plant tissues demonstrates the importance of examining different tissues following freezing tests.