Publikasjoner
NIBIOs ansatte publiserer flere hundre vitenskapelige artikler og forskningsrapporter hvert år. Her finner du referanser og lenker til publikasjoner og andre forsknings- og formidlingsaktiviteter. Samlingen oppdateres løpende med både nytt og historisk materiale. For mer informasjon om NIBIOs publikasjoner, besøk NIBIOs bibliotek.
2021
Forfattere
Eva BrodSammendrag
Det er ikke registrert sammendrag
Sammendrag
The aim of this study was to contribute to closing global phosphorus (P) cycles by investigating and explaining the effect of fish sludge (feed residues and faeces of farmed fish) and manure solids as P fertiliser. Phosphorus quality in 14 filtered and/or dried, composted, separated or pyrolysed products based on fish sludge or cattle or swine manure was studied by sequential chemical fractionation and in two two-year growth trials, a pot experiment with barley (Hordeum vulgare) and a field experiment with spring wheat (Triticum aestivum). In fish sludge, P was mainly solubilised in the HCl fraction (66 ± 10%), commonly being associated with slowly soluble calcium phosphates, and mean relative agronomic efficiency (RAE) of fish sludge products during the first year of the pot experiment was only 47 ± 24%. Low immediate P availability was not compensated for during the second year. Thus efforts are needed to optimise the P effects if fish sludge is to be transformed from a waste into a valuable fertiliser. In manure solids, P was mainly soluble in H2O and 0.5 M NaHCO3 (72 ± 14%), commonly being associated with plant-available P, and mean RAE during the first year of the pot experiment was 77 ± 19%. Biochars based on fish sludge or manure had low concentrations of soluble P and low P fertilisation effects, confirming that treatment processes other than pyrolysis should be chosen for P-rich waste resources to allow efficient P recycling. The field experiment supported the results of the pot experiment, but provided little additional information.
Forfattere
Eva BrodSammendrag
Fiskeslam fra fem settefiskanlegg for smolt ble analysert i både 2019 og 2020: Fire produkter som var tørket med ulik teknologi, en flytende biorest og en tørket biorest. Gjødselkvaliteten til fiskeslam var mer variabel enn tidligere antatt, også for fiskeslam fra samme settefiskanlegg. De fleste produkter var i kvalitetsklasse II pga. sink og/eller kadmium. Næringsstoffsammensetningen var ubalansert, med lavt nitrogen/fosfor forhold og lavt kaliuminnhold. Bioresten viste god nitrogeneffekt, men tørking reduserte nitrogenkvaliteten. I tørket fiskeslam forelå nitrogen hovedsakelig som tungt tilgjengelig organisk nitrogen, uavhengig av type behandlingsteknologi. Inkuberingsforsøk er et relativt rimelig verktøy som kan gi en god indikasjon på nitrogenkvaliteten i fiskeslam...
Sammendrag
Fosforkvaliteten i 15 organiske gjødselprodukter ble undersøkt med hjelp av kjemiske analysemetoder, og i potte- og feltforsøk. Husdyrgjødsel viste bedre fosforeffekt enn fiskeslam og biokull. Struvitt viste også god effekt sammenlignet med mineralfosfor. Fosfor i de organiske produktene forelå hovedsakelig som ulike kalsiumfosfater, og det var godt samsvar mellom fosforkvaliteten og opptak i planter. Andelen bikarbonat (NaHCO3)-løselig fosfor i organiske gjødselprodukter kan brukes som indikator på fosforkvaliteten (lav, medium, høy) men kan ikke brukes for nøyaktig predikering.
Forfattere
Eva BrodSammendrag
Det er ikke registrert sammendrag
Sammendrag
Det er ikke registrert sammendrag
Forfattere
Andrii Butkovskyi Yuying Jing Hege Bergheim Diana Lazar Ksenia Gulyaeva Sven R. Odenmarck Hans Ragnar Norli Karolina M. Nowak Anja Miltner Matthias Kästner Trine EggenSammendrag
Pesticides in agricultural surface water runoff cause a major threat to freshwater systems. Installation of filter systems or constructed wetlands in areas of preferential run-off is a possible measure for pesticides abatement. To develop such systems, combinations of filter materials suitable for retention of both hydrophilic and hydrophobic organic pesticides were tested for pesticide removal in planted microcosms. The retention of six pesticides frequently detected in surface waters (bentazone, MCPA, metalaxyl, propiconazole, pencycuron, and imidacloprid) was evaluated in unplanted and planted pot experiments with novel bed material mixtures consisting of pumice, vermiculite, water super-absorbent polymer (SAP) for retention of ionic and water soluble pesticides, and synthetic hydrophobic wool for adsorption of hydrophobic pesticides. The novel materials were compared to soil with high organic matter content. The highest retention of the pesticides was observed in the soil, with a considerable translocation of pesticides into the plants, and low leaching potential, in particular for the hydrophobic compounds. However, due to the high retention of pesticides in soil, environmental risks related to their long term mobilization cannot be excluded. Mixtures of pumice and vermiculite with SAP resulted in high retention of i) water and ii) both hydrophilic and hydrophobic pesticides but with much lower leaching potential compared to the mineral systems without SAP. Mixtures of such materials may provide near natural treatment options in riparian strips and also for treatment of rainwater runoff without the need for water containment systems.
Sammendrag
Det er ikke registrert sammendrag
Sammendrag
Det er ikke registrert sammendrag
Forfattere
Erik J. JonerSammendrag
Det er ikke registrert sammendrag