Publikasjoner
NIBIOs ansatte publiserer flere hundre vitenskapelige artikler og forskningsrapporter hvert år. Her finner du referanser og lenker til publikasjoner og andre forsknings- og formidlingsaktiviteter. Samlingen oppdateres løpende med både nytt og historisk materiale. For mer informasjon om NIBIOs publikasjoner, besøk NIBIOs bibliotek.
2005
Forfattere
Michel VerheulSammendrag
In order to increase the production of organic vegetables in Norway, a project was started to facilitate the transistion from conventional to organic greenhouse production. A growing system based on ecological production principles was tested at Bioforsk Vest Særheim. Results showed that a growing system with limited beds, using 75 l/m2 of an organic growth substrate and 24 l/m2 locally available cattle slurry as additional fertilizer, resulted in a yield comparable to traditional greenhouse tomato production. Fertilizing three times a week with 0,5 l/m2 cattle slurry in combination with sprinkler irrigation controlled by light integration showed to be equally effective as fertilizing using standard mineral nutrition. Results give rise to an economical production of organic greenhouse tomatoes.
Sammendrag
Det er ikke registrert sammendrag
Sammendrag
The content of chalconaringenin, chlorogenic acid, rutin, ascorbic acid, lycopene and b-carotene were analyzed during postharvest- and vine-ripening of cherry tomatoes (Lycopersicon esculentum Mill.) (cv. Jennita) produced in a greenhouse. A remarkable decrease in the content of chalconaringenin took place during postharvest ripening. The tomatoes were found to contain 15.26 mg 100 g-1 fresh weight (FW) at harvest, but held only 0.41 mg after three weeks at 20 ºC in darkness. Chalconaringenin did not convert into naringenin. The content of chlorogenic acid fell from 0.51 to 0.06 mg 100 g-1 FW at the same conditions. The content of rutin and that of total phenolics remained stable during postharvest ripening. The amounts of lycopene as well as b-carotene and ascorbic acid increased during postharvest ripening. No significant change in the amount of methanol soluble antioxidants or total soluble solids was found during postharvest ripening of the tomato fruits. During vine ripening, the total amount of phenolics and that of soluble solids (%-Brix) increased. The content of phenolics correlated well with the content of methanol soluble antioxidants (p
Sammendrag
Plant production in northern countries is hampered by a short growing season. In Norway, waterpower provides relatively cheap and renewable energy that can be used for artificial lighting. Light is often the limiting factor for plant growth and productivity in greenhouses, and the use of artificial radiation became already early last century an important subject for investigation in Norway. Development of different lamp types gave rise to investigations of light quality on plant performance. Artificial irradiation was primarily confined to plant propagation. Large-scale irradiation of entire crops started in Norway in 1989 and has given rise to a marked increase in winter production of flowers and vegetables. The Norwegian Crop Research Institute performs applied research in all chains of plant production. Research on greenhouse production is coordinated from Særheim Research Centre. Særheim is located in the southwest of Norway where 80% of tomatoes and 50% of the Norwegian cucumbers are produced. Research on the use of artificial light for cucumber production started here in 1990. After that, production systems for lettuce, herbs, strawberry, tomato and sweet pepper were developed. Growers that nowadays use our system for year-round production of cucumbers have increased their yield from 40 to 160 kg/m2. In 2004, we were the first to reach an annual yield of 100 kg/m2 in tomato. In our applied research, consumer and wholesaler demands define the quality aspects of food to be produced. Consumers increasingly demand save and healthy food of high quality. At Særheim Research Centre, effects of environmental conditions (light, temperature, CO2, air humidity, nutrients, growth media) and cultural practices (training, irrigation, harvesting) on size, colour, shelf life, taste and biochemical compounds are being quantified. It could be shown how light intensity and light quality effects the contents of chlorophyll, anthocyanins, ascorbic acid and nitrate in lettuce, shelf life and taste in herbs, taste and antioxidant activity in strawberry, titratable acidity and the contents of phenolics, ascorbic acid, lycopene and soluble solids in tomato. Results will be presented at the workshop. The favourable ratio between light and temperature in our region offers an opportunity to produce high quality products year-round. Norway is known as a healthy country, with little problems with pests and diseases, with an availability of renewable energy, organic growth media and organic fertiliser and with a high water quality. This gives rise to a development of organic production. Research on organic production of greenhouse vegetables started at Særheim in 2003. By now, a rational growing system for organic production of tomato is developed and a system for cucumber production is on trial. Preliminary trials show differences in the content of phenolic compounds, ascorbic acids and antioxidant activity in fruits and plants grown on organic growth media when compared to rockwool. Results will be presented at the workshop.
Sammendrag
The content of selected plant constituents was measured in cherry tomatoes (Lycopersicon esculentum Mill. cv Jennita) during conventional Norwegian tomato production in a greenhouse from May until October 2004. Samples were collected according to standard production procedure with orange-yellow coloured fruits at weight in the range of 12.4 -19.3 g and size in the range of 28.9-33.0 mm (diameter). The content of selected compounds based on 100 g FW were found to vary in the following range during the season: 7.38-28.38 mg chalconaringenin, 0.32-0.92 mg rutin, 0.24-1.06 mg chlorogenic acid, 5.60-20.02 mg ascorbic acid, 1.60-5.54 mg lycopene and 0.37-0.55 mg b-carotene. Only minute amounts of naringenin together with kaempferol 3-rutinoside and caffeic acid, which previously have been reported from tomatoes, were detected. The content of chalconaringenin to rutin, and that of lycopene to b-carotene showed a strong correlation during the season (p < 0.001). The content of total phenolics and methanol soluble antioxidants also showed a correlation (p < 0.001), and were found in the range 14.6 - 32.6 mg GAE/100 g FW and 445 - 737 mmol FeII/100 g FW, respectively. Seasonal variation in the level of plant constituents is shown to be related to photon flux density and fertilization level.
Sammendrag
Det er ikke registrert sammendrag
Sammendrag
Det er ikke registrert sammendrag
Foredrag – Genetic diversity in alpine leek (Allium victorialis)
Inger Martinussen, Brynhild Mørkved
Sammendrag
Ved hjelp av ulike fingerprint metoder beskrives innvandringshistorien og den genetiske diversiteten til de norske populasjonene av seiersløk. I tillegg skal innholdet av antioksidanter (total aktivitet og ulike metabolitter) analyseres senere i prosjektet.· Hensikten med dette er å fiinne ut om antioksidantinnhold og sammensetningen av metabolitter av antioksidanter er genetisk bestemt
Forfattere
Inger MartinussenSammendrag
Det er ikke registrert sammendrag
Populærvitenskapelig – Forskningsprosjekt på remonterende jordbærsorter
Anita Sønsteby, Ola M. Heide
Sammendrag
Planteforsk Kise leder prosjektet "Studier av remonterende jordbærsorter for utvidet sesong og økte avlinger". Prosjektet startet i 2004 og skal avsluttes i 2007. Planteforsk er ansvarlig for prosjektet, med Universitetet for miljø- og biovitenskap som samarbeidspartner. Hensikten er å frembringe ny og grunnleggende kunnskap om bruk av remonterende (flergangsbærende) jordbærsorter hos oss, og å utvikle dyrkingsteknikker som forventes å gi grunnlag for en økt og mer forutsigbar produksjon av kvalitetsbær fra mai til september.