Publikasjoner
NIBIOs ansatte publiserer flere hundre vitenskapelige artikler og forskningsrapporter hvert år. Her finner du referanser og lenker til publikasjoner og andre forsknings- og formidlingsaktiviteter. Samlingen oppdateres løpende med både nytt og historisk materiale. For mer informasjon om NIBIOs publikasjoner, besøk NIBIOs bibliotek.
2009
Sammendrag
Grønt plantevev i vekst inneholder den ernæringsmessig gunstige omega-3-fettsyren α-linolen. Beiteplanten smyle i et nordlig fjellbeite hadde ikke forskjeller i konsentrasjon av α-linolensyre med hensyn til høstetidspunkt eller nord/sørhelling, men planter ved høyere lokaliteter ble funnet å ha lavere konsentrasjon av spesielt α-linolensyre.
Sammendrag
Gulrot og kålrot med riktig kvalitet - et samarbeidsprosjekt for å styrke konkurranseevnen i norsk produksjon Smak og kvalitet av gulrot og kålrot påvirkes av flere dyrkingsmessige faktorer som gjødsling, jordtype og angrep av insekter. For å forstå forbrukerens krav til gulrot og kålrot er det nødvendig å se bruken av disse i en bredere sosial sammenheng. Prosjektet "Gulrot og kålrot med riktig kvalitet" ble startet opp i 2004 med Dr. Steinar Dragland som prosjektleder. Prosjektet er avsluttet i 2008 og publiseringer fra prosjektet vil foreligge utover i 2009. Grønnsaksnæringen, forskningen og forsøksringene har samarbeidet om dette prosjektet, for å avklare hvilke dyrkningskrav gulrot og kålrot stiller for å gi en smak etter forbrukernes ønsker.
Forfattere
Mette Thomsen Randi Seljåsen Gunnar Bengtsson Gunnar Vittersø Erling Berentsen Steinar DraglandSammendrag
Smak og kvalitet av gulrot og kålrot påvirkes av flere dyrkingsmessige faktorer som gjødsling, jordtype og angrep av insekter. For å forstå forbrukerens krav til gulrot og kålrot er det nødvendig å se bruken av disse i en bredere sosial sammenheng.
Sammendrag
Bilberry (Vaccinium myrtillus), also called European blueberry, is one of the most significant wild berries in the Nordic countries. The berries are recognized for their bioactive properties and distinctive aroma and flavor. The effects of climate on production and the quality of bilberries have been studied in a controlled experiment in a phytotrone using clonal material. In the experiment individual plants from two Northern clones and two Southern clones of bilberry have been grown at 12◦ and 18◦ C. At each temperature 3 different light treatments have been tested; 1) 24 hour (h) natural light (long day); 2) 24 h natural light with addition of red light and 3) 12 h light (short day). All plants were kept outside during flowering to ensure pollination by insects. Berries were sampled when ripe, weighed and stored at -80◦C for later analysis of carbohydrates, acids, phenols, anthocyanins and ascorbic acid. At 12◦C the two Northern clones produced the first ripe berries 5 weeks after pollination, while the two Southern clones needed an extra two weeks to ripening. This difference was most evident at the 24 hour day length treatment. At 18◦C both the Northern and Southern clones had ripe berries from 5 weeks after pollination. The results also indicate that the Northern clones produce better at long days, with and without addition of red light, compared to the Southern clones. The levels of fructose, glucose and sucrose are higher in berries developed at 12 than 18◦ C (means of all treatments and all clones). Also the level of citric acid, quinic acid, myo-inositol, gallic acid, cathecin, epigallocatechin, catechin derivates and quercetin are higher at the lowest temperature.
Forfattere
Inger Martinussen Jens Rohloff Eivind Uleberg Olavi Junttila Anja Hohtola Laura Jaakola Hely HäggmanSammendrag
Bilberry (Vaccinium myrtillus), also called European blueberry, is one of the most significant wild berries in the Nordic countries. The berries are recognized for their bioactive properties and distinctive aroma and flavour. The effects of climate on production and the quality of bilberries have been studied in a controlled experiment in a phytotrone using clonal material. In the experiment individual plants from two Northern clones and two Southern clones of bilberry have been grown at 12° and 18°C. At each temperature 2 different light treatments have been tested; 1) 24 hour (h) natural light (long day) and 2) 12 h natural light (short day). All plants were kept outside during flowering to ensure pollination by insects. Berries were sampled when ripe, weighed and stored at -80°C for later analysis
Sammendrag
The effect of climate on production and the quality of bilberries have been studied in a controlled experiment using clonal material. In the experiment individual plants from two northern clones and two southern clones of bilberry have been grown on 12◦ and 18◦ C. At each temperature 3 different light treatments have been tested; 1) 24 hour (h) natural light (long day); 2) 24 h natural light with addition of red light and 3) 12 h light (short day). All plants were kept outside during flowering to ensure pollination by insects. Berries were sampled when ripe, weighed and stored at -80◦C for later analysis of pH, sugars, acids, total phenols, total anthocyanins and total antioxidant activity.
Forfattere
Derek Stewart Inger Martinussen Publikasjonsforfatter Susan Verdall Eivind Uleberg Olavi JunttilaSammendrag
Cloudberries (Rubus chamaemorus L.) contain several phenolic compounds, but ellagitannins and ellagic acid derivatives dominate and are primarily responsible for the antioxidative effects of cloudberry. Generally, antioxidative activities and chemical composition of berries are affected both by the genotype and the environment. The aim of this study was to investigate the role of temperature and the genotypes used in the crossings on fruit quality. Since different genotypes might respond differently to different temperatures, possible interactions between genotype and temperature were also investigated. Plants were grown under controlled temperature treatments (9, 12, 15, 18°C; variation ±0.5C) in 24-h photoperiod. Ripe berries were harvested daily, frozen individually at -100°C and stored at this temperature until chemical analyses. There was a significant effect of female parent on both total phenols and total anthocyanins in the berries. Temperature affected the level of total anthocyanins, while there was no significant effect on the level of total phenols. High through-put MS-based analyses suggested subtle differences in phenolic composition in response to temperature and genotype. The results indicate that there is a need for breeding material with a special adaptation to different climatic conditions.
Sammendrag
Two female and two male cultivars have previously been released as a result of clone evaluation at Bioforsk Nord Holt. Selection criteria have been number of pistils or stamens per flower, number of flowers and number of shoots per m2. Currently a new group of clones are evaluated with the aim of finding new cultivars for release. Preliminary results on flowering and berry production show strong variance in these traits. Over three years of registration, number of produced flowers varied from under 100 for the weakest clone to more than 1000 for the best clone. Number of produced berries varied from 9 for the weakest clone to 242 for the best clone. The three clones that produced most flowers all had very low berry production and deviated from the rest of the clones by having high numbers of flowers per harvested berry. New selection criteria will be considered before selection of new cultivars for release.
Sammendrag
As part of a project on cultivation and industrial exploitation of European Blueberry (Vaccinium myrtillus ) started in 2008, berries from different wild populations from South, Mid and North Norway were investigated. One aspect of fruit quality analyses was to identify and describe blueberry aroma profiles. Volatiles were extracted by headspace solid-phase microextraction (HS-SPME) and analysed by gas chromatography/ mass spectrometry (GC/MS) (Rohloff, 2004). More than 100 compounds could be identified based on MS database search and retention indices, also comprising aroma impact compounds not being described in blueberries earlier (Sydow & Anjou, 1969). Detected aliphatic and aromatic structures belonged to chemical groups such as alkanes, acids, alcohols, aldehydes, esters, ketones and mono- and sesquiterpenes. Ten major compounds (mostly C4-, C6- and C9-structures) accounted for averagely 65-75 % relative amount of all detected peaks. However, HS-SPME analyses revealed complex volatile profiles including terpenes (>20 compounds, e.g. p-cymene, 1,8-cineole, linalool) and aromatic structures (>10 compounds, e.g. benzaldehyde, ethyl benzoate, 2-phenylethyl acetate, benzyl benzoate), which contribute to the characteristic and flavourful blueberry aroma.
Sammendrag
As part of a project on cultivation and industrial exploitation of European Blueberry (Vaccinium myrtillus ) started in 2008, berries from different wild populations from South, Mid and North Norway were investigated. One aspect of fruit quality analyses was to identify and describe blueberry aroma profiles. Volatiles were extracted by headspace solid-phase microextraction (HS-SPME) and analysed by gas chromatography/ mass spectrometry (GC/MS) (Rohloff, 2004). More than 100 compounds could be identified based on MS database search and retention indices, also comprising aroma impact compounds not being described in blueberries earlier (Sydow & Anjou, 1969). Detected aliphatic and aromatic structures belonged to chemical groups such as alkanes, acids, alcohols, aldehydes, esters, ketones and mono- and sesquiterpenes. Ten major compounds (mostly C4-, C6- and C9-structures) accounted for averagely 65-75 % relative amount of all detected peaks. However, HS-SPME analyses revealed complex volatile profiles including terpenes (>20 compounds, e.g. p-cymene, 1,8-cineole, linalool) and aromatic structures (>10 compounds, e.g. benzaldehyde, ethyl benzoate, 2-phenylethyl acetate, benzyl benzoate), which contribute to the characteristic and flavourful blueberry aroma.