Publications
NIBIOs employees contribute to several hundred scientific articles and research reports every year. You can browse or search in our collection which contains references and links to these publications as well as other research and dissemination activities. The collection is continously updated with new and historical material.
2024
Authors
Marie Vestergaard Henriksen Eduardo Arlé Arman Pili David A. Clarke Emili Garcia-Berthou Quentin Groom Bernd Lenzner Carsten Meyer Hanno Seebens Reid Tingley Marten Winter Melodie A McGeochAbstract
Monitoring the extent to which invasive alien species (IAS) negatively impact the environment is crucial for understanding and mitigating biological invasions. Indeed, such information is vital for achieving Target 6 of the Kunming–Montreal Global Biodiversity Framework. However, to-date indicators for tracking the environmental impacts of IAS have been either lacking or insufficient. Capitalizing on advances in data availability and impact assessment protocols, we developed environmental impact indicators to track realized and potential impacts of IAS. We also developed an information status indicator to assess the adequacy of the data underlying the impact indicators. We used data on 75 naturalized amphibians from 82 countries to demonstrate the indicators at a global scale. The information status indicator shows variation in the reliability of the data and highlights areas where absence of impact should be interpreted with caution. Impact indicators show that growth in potential impacts are dominated by predatory species, while potential impacts from both predation and disease transmission are distributed worldwide. Using open access data, the indicators are reproducible and adaptable across scales and taxa and can be used to assess global trends and distributions of IAS, assisting authorities in prioritizing control efforts and identifying areas at risk of future invasions.
Authors
Karin Juul Hesselsøe Anne Friederike Borchert Trond Olav Pettersen Atle Beisland Kristine Sundsdal Victoria Stornes Moen Erik Lysøe Monica Skogen Carl Frisk Tatsiana Espevig Christian Spring Mark Ferguson Matthew Clark Liam Hargreaves Martin Nilsson Wolfgang Prämaßing Lukas Borrink Daniel R. Hunt Julian Siebert Axel Städler Yuri Lebedin Valentina Maygurova Anna Antropova Tatiana Gagkaeva Marina Usoltseva Kate Entwistle Sabine Braitmaier Carlos Guerrero Ingeborg M. Hokkanen Heikki HokkanenAbstract
Integrated Pest Management (IPM) refers to the integration of all available techniques for control of diseases, harmful insects and weeds and keep the use of pesticides to levels that are economically justified and environmentally sustainable (FAO, 2016). In compliance with regulations 2009/128/EU and 2009/1107/EU, the five Nordic countries, UK, the Netherlands, Germany, Portugal and Italy have all imposed strict regulations on pesticide use (STERF, 2016). In this context, a main challenge for golf courses is to secure high-quality playing conditions for current and future generations while at the same time reducing the dependency on chemical plant protection products. IPM has for many years been one of STERF’s highest research priorities with a focus on: Evaluation and management of turfgrass species, varieties and mixtures to create more disease resistant, stress tolerant and weed-competitive turf (i); Identification and understanding the biology and proliferation of harmful organisms in turf (ii) Safer and more efficient use of pesticides (including reduced risk for surface runoff and leaching to the environment (http://www.sterf.org/sv/projects/project-list?pid=12) (iii). Due to common EU directives, global warming and other reasons, golf courses in other parts of Northern Europe mostly experience the same IPM challenges as in the Nordic countries. This project addresses UN’s Sustainable Development Goals 12, 13 and 15 as described by R&A and STERF in ‘Golf Course Scandinavia 2030’. It is also a direct follow-up of R&A’s GC2030 ‘Action Plans for ‘Golf Course Condition and Playability’ (1) and ‘Resources’ which request projects that identify alternative approaches to pesticide use and discuss their efficacy (2). The overall goal of this project was to investigate cultural practices and new technologies for prevention and control of the two most important and destructive turfgrass diseases on golf course putting greens - microdochium patch and dollar spot, and to get insight on situation and methods for prevention and control of insect pests on golf courses with a minimum use of pesticides in the Nordic countries.
Abstract
No abstract has been registered
Authors
Diress Tsegaye Alemu Christian Pedersen Svein Olav Krøgli Anders Bryn Kerstin Potthoff Wenche DramstadAbstract
Mountain areas in Norway provide important resources for livestock grazing. These resources are crucial for agricultural production in a country with limited agricultural land and a climate and topography that restrict production of feed and food. A key contributor in the harvest of these resources has been mountain summer farming and outfield grazing in general. However, the use of mountainous grazing resources has been declining strongly for several decades with the regrowth of formerly open areas as a consequence. In contrast, recreational use, number of holiday cabins and associated infrastructure is rapidly increasing. Conflicts between recreational and agriculture use have received increasing attention in different media. We investigated the spatial patterns of cabin development and key grazing areas in Norwegian mountain areas, analysing data on livestock, cabins, and associated infrastructure. We found a large number of cabins and associated infrastructure within high-quality grazing areas indicating that the quality of grazing has not been adequately considered in the location of new cabins. Taking into consideration that cabin development seems not to decrease, the reduced availability of grazing resources may result in an increasing level of conflict and also impact food security in the long run.
Abstract
No abstract has been registered
Editors
Camilla BaumannAbstract
Here you will find 40 articles from the past year, providing a glimpse into the vast array of professional activities at NIBIO. These articles can be considered as samples from our extensive portfolio, which includes around 1500 ongoing projects across our five specialised divisions.
Authors
Thomas Georges A Bawin Marius Dobbe Klemetsen Marte Marie Fossum Ranvik Marcus Andersen Wojciech Leoniuck Sergey Khorobrykh Otso Turunen Kristian Salo Taina Tyystjärvi Esa Tyystjärvi Laura Elina JaakolaAbstract
Indoor plant production in greenhouses and vertical farms is essential in Nordic countries because the climate does not permit field cultivation of several important species. This project aims to improve illumination methods and nutrient recirculation to better support local cultivation near consumers, with lettuce, baby spinach, and woodland strawberry as target crops. Pulsed LED illumination and spectral optimization of background light, accounting for the photosystem properties of the tested species to maximize photosynthetic activity, are being investigated under controlled conditions. Extensive phenotyping of plants is being carried out using multispectral (PlantEye F600, Phenospex) and hyperspectral (Specim FX series, 400-1700 nm) imaging technologies to monitor their growth, health status, and molecular properties such as chlorophyll a and b levels. Combined illumination and fertilization tests using cyanobacteria to recirculate nutrients from greenhouse wastewater will be conducted later in the project. These advancements will enable plant growth in urban areas near consumers, reducing transportation costs and the environmental footprint of agriculture.
Authors
Marte Ragnhild Owren Ingvild Byskov Britta Maria Hoem Julien Jabot Hans H. Kolshus Kathrine Loe Bjønness Jakob Sandven Trude Melby Bothner Mona Irene Andersen Engedal Eirik Knutsen Lene Skyrudsmoen Berit Storbråten Kristina Vikesund Hart Evan Christian Wilhelm Mohr Gry Alfredsen Ana Aza Johannes Breidenbach Lise Dalsgaard Rune Eriksen Katharina Hobrak Christophe Moni Gunnhild SøgaardEditors
Ingeborg RønningAbstract
No abstract has been registered
Authors
Mirjana SadojevicAbstract
Environmental control of growth and flowering is generally well understood in raspberries, but a complete understanding of the processes is missing in blackberries. To get a better understanding of growth and flowering in blackberries, five cultivars, ‘Loch Ness’, ‘Loch Tay’, ‘Natchez’, ‘Ouachita’, and ‘Sweet Royalla’, were studied in the phytotron at 16°C and 12, 13, 14 and 15h photoperiod, and under natural temperature and daylength conditions at Apelsvoll, Norway (60.7° N). The results demonstrate that origin and genetic background of cultivars play a crucial role in how they respond to environmental signals. ‘Natchez’ had a critical photoperiod of 14h for cessation of growth at 16°C, while ‘Loch Ness’ continued to grow independently of photoperiod treatment. Photoperiod in the 12-15h range was not critical for flower bud initiation in ‘Natchez’ and ‘Loch Ness’. All five cultivars initiated flower buds before cessation of growth under out-door conditions. In both experiments, the cultivars that reached growth cessation first, also had the most advanced flower buds, except for ‘Ouachita’. Flower bud initiation in ‘Loch Ness’ and ‘Natchez’ began in the mid-section of the cane and continued in both basipetal and acropetal directions. Three ‘Loch Ness’ plants from each photoperiod treatment were forced in the greenhouse after sufficient chilling to examine the flowering performance of the buds that were initiated before growth cessation. Plants at 15h photoperiod, had the highest percentage of flowering nodes, most flowers per plant and fewest days to anthesis at forcing, but all plants from all treatments developed flowers. The position of the flowering nodes along the cane corresponded to the position of the initiated flower buds dissected in ‘Loch Ness’ prior to chilling. The results suggest that temperature, rather than photoperiod, may be the main factor affecting both growth cessation and flower bud initiation in blackberries.
Authors
Thomas Georges A Bawin Marte Marie Fossum Ranvik Sigridur Dalmannsdottir Egle Norkeviciene Rita Armonienė Erik Alexandersson Laura Elina JaakolaAbstract
Climate change is increasingly affecting agricultural systems, impacting the productivity and digestibility of forage crops that are essential for livestock feed. Understanding how forage crops respond to temperature is crucial for optimizing growth and nutritional value. Remote sensing technologies offer promising tools for monitoring plant health and predicting forage quality. As part of the project UPSCALE, this study examines the growth and spectral response of Northern and Southern cultivars under different temperature regimes. Two red clover (ʻGandalfʼ from Norway and ʻVytisʼ from Lithuania) and two timothy (ʻNorengʼ from Norway and ʻJauniaiʼ from Lithuania) cultivars were grown at controlled temperatures of 12, 15, and 18°C. A total of 168 pots (10L, ~30 plants per pot) were maintained in climate-controlled chambers at The Climate Laboratory, UiT, Tromsø. Plant growth was monitored using the PlantEye F600, providing 3D models, biomass, height, leaf area index, and stress indices (NDVI, NPCI, PSRI). Destructive sampling was conducted at three stages: pre-flowering, post-flowering, and at the end of the experiment. Leaves were scanned using Specim FX10e (VNIR) and FX17e (SWIR) hyperspectral cameras before drying for chemical analysis. Results showed distinct growth differences among the cultivars. Clovers increased in height and biomass with rising temperatures, though ʻGandalfʼ consistently yielded less biomass. Timothy ʻJauniaiʼ followed a similar trend to the clovers, while cultivar ʻNorengʼ had optimal growth at 15°C. Spectral indices did not reveal significant contrasts; ongoing hyperspectral analysis may provide further insights. The upcoming chemical analysis will integrate with hyperspectral data to identify lignin signatures for assessing forage digestibility. These findings contribute to a deeper understanding of how forage crops respond to temperature variations, to select cultivars with optimal growth and digestibility in the face of climate change.