Publications
NIBIOs employees contribute to several hundred scientific articles and research reports every year. You can browse or search in our collection which contains references and links to these publications as well as other research and dissemination activities. The collection is continously updated with new and historical material.
2025
Authors
Mari Talgø Syvertsen Payel Bhattacharjee Igor A. Yakovlev Kaia Slågedal Mallikarjuna Rao Kovi Marcos Viejo Carl Gunnar Fossdal Jorunn Elisabeth OlsenAbstract
No abstract has been registered
Authors
Carl Gunnar FossdalAbstract
No abstract has been registered
Abstract
Ethiopia faces growing environmental and energy problems because of its expanding cities, increasing dependence on biomass fuels. This study evaluated briquettes made from sawdust, coffee husk, fruit waste, flower waste and vegetable residues through different particle sizes (0.3–1 mm, 2–4 mm, 5–7 mm) and compaction pressures (5 MPa, 10 MPa) using pulped paper as a binder. The evaluation of fuel properties included density measurements, moisture content, ash content, fixed carbon, volatile matter and calorific value assessments. The combination of small sawdust particles under 10 MPa pressure produced briquettes with the highest calorific value of 20.96 MJ/kg and strong mechanical strength. The combination of small coffee husk particles under 5 MPa pressure produced briquettes with 78.05 % volatile matter and 17.62 MJ/kg calorific value. The addition of binder materials improved combustion properties and decreased the amount of volume expansion. The waste volume reduction through briquetting reached 54.8 % which demonstrates its effectiveness as a waste reduction technique. However, this study did not include combustion emissions analysis, life cycle assessment (LCA), techno-economic evaluation (TEA), or pilot-scale field validation. Hence, the reported substitution and deforestation mitigation figures were theoretical and based solely on laboratory-scale calorific equivalence. As such, broader claims regarding environmental and energy system impacts should be considered preliminary and require further verification through real-world deployment and systems-level analysis.
Authors
Anne MuolaAbstract
Over the last 30 years temperatures in Europe have increased more than in any other continent. The effects of climate change are especially pronounced at high latitudes where longer growing seasons and increasing mean temperatures open new possibilities for crop production. At the same time, problems related to agricultural pest insects are likely to increase. Due to warmer temperatures, insect pests from more southern latitudes can shift their ranges towards north. Likewise, already existing pests can have better winter survival or even more generations per growing season. However, climate change related changes can also cause negative effects on agricultural pests. According to the climate change scenarios, the temperature increase in the Arctic area will be highest during the winter season. In coastal regions of Arctic area, the mean winter temperature can in the future stay close 0 °C which increases risk for freezing-thawing cycles. It is known that changes in winter climate (e.g. freezing-thawing cycles, increased rainfall) might impair the overwintering success of some pest insects resulting even in population decreases. Thus, the effects of climate change on insect pests are not necessarily straightforward and there are several gaps in our knowledge on how individual species will respond to changing climate, and the complex ecological mechanisms underlying these responses.
Abstract
Bulb mites (Rhizoglyphus spp.) can predispose onions to various fungal diseases. At the same time, onions infected with Fusarium spp. have been shown to attract bulb mites. In addition, bulb mite establishment has been shown to be more successful and population growth faster on Fusarium spp. infected onions. Understanding the interactions between bulb mites and Fusarium spp. is essential for developing effective Integrated Pest Management (IPM) strategies targeting both Fusarium spp. and bulb mites. However, there is no information on the interactive effects of bulb mites and F. oxysporum f. sp. cepae on onions in Norway. Likewise, there is no prior knowledge of which bulb mite species damage onion in Norway. In the ongoing project, we study which bulb mite species exist in Norway, whether basal rot development is affected by the presence of bulb mite (R. robini), and whether the population growth of bulb mites is affected by F. oxysporum f. sp. cepae. We aim to present the results of the ongoing experiment and discuss their importance for the management of bulb mites and F. oxysporum f. sp. cepae in Norway.
Authors
Robert Jandl Aleksi Lehtonen Johan Sonesson Knut Øistad Mikko Pieltoniemi Primož Simončic Andreas Schindlbacher Anne Tolvanen Mikko KurttilaAbstract
Latest data from National Forest Inventories raise doubts about whether European forests will provide the greenhouse gas sink strength that is targeted by the Regulations on Land use and land-use change. We propose measures to maintain the forest carbon sink strength and provide information for the time horizons for achieving the targets. The recommendations aim at facilitating evidence-based decision making.
Authors
Arne Stensvand Belachew Asalf Tadesse Aruppillai Suthaparan Rodrigo B. Onofre Natalia Peres David M. GadouryAbstract
No abstract has been registered
Authors
Lars Olav Brandsæter Øystein Skagestad Kirsten Tørresen Torfinn Torp Vegard Hjerpaasen Timo Lötjönen Jukka SalonenAbstract
No abstract has been registered
Authors
Daniele Prodorutti Valeria Gualandri Vincent Philion Arne Stensvand Emanuela Coller Ilaria PertotAbstract
No abstract has been registered
Abstract
No abstract has been registered