Publikasjoner
NIBIOs ansatte publiserer flere hundre vitenskapelige artikler og forskningsrapporter hvert år. Her finner du referanser og lenker til publikasjoner og andre forsknings- og formidlingsaktiviteter. Samlingen oppdateres løpende med både nytt og historisk materiale. For mer informasjon om NIBIOs publikasjoner, besøk NIBIOs bibliotek.
2009
Forfattere
Belachew Asalf Arne Stensvand David M. Gadoury Robert C. Seem Andrew Dobson Anne Marte TronsmoSammendrag
This presentation is on development of age related (ontogenic) resistance to powdery mildew (Podosphaera aphanis) in strawberry fruits. Four cultivars were tested. Flowers and immature green fruits were much more susceptible to powdery mildew than white or pink fruits. No fruits developed mildew if inoculated at the pink stage, and very few at the white stage.
Sammendrag
Only small differences were found in milk composition from farms with different grassland management, except for the concentration of phytoestrogens that was highest on organic farms with short-term grassland. Milk fatty acid composition and milk content of phytoestrogens was strongly affected by farming system
Forfattere
Ragnar EltunSammendrag
In Norway straw is used for animal bedding, feed and an increasing amount is used for heat production. Very little information is available on the total amount of straw that is available for heating. In a project started in 2008 we aim to calculate the total resources of straw in Norway, and how much of this that can be used for heating, taking into considerwqtion the need for other purposes and the effect of removal of straw on soil quality parameters such as structure and content of carbon and potassium. Straw yields are measured in field trials in cereal production areas of Norway. Preliminary calculations indicate that straw can be an important source of energy also in Norway.
Forfattere
Carl Gunnar Fossdal Igor A. Yakovlev Ari M. Hietala Halvor SolheimSammendrag
To identify differentially expressed genes of the white-rot fungus Heterobasidion parviporum subtractive cDNA libraries were constructed using suppressive subtraction hybridization (SSH) technique with RNA extracted from an advanced stage of decay area and from colonization front next to the reaction zone of the stem of a mature Norway spruce trees. Besides cytochrome P450s and proteins with unknown function, the SSH libraries constructed contained genes involved in basic cellular processes, andcell wall degradation. To examine the role of selected candidate genes three trees, showing a variable degree of wood decay, were used for real-time RT-PCR profiling of candidate genes. In the decay transition areas the study revealed activity centers that showed remarkable similarity in the transcript profiles of monitored genes.
Forfattere
Reidun Pommeresche Sissel Hansen Anne-Kristin LøesSammendrag
Earthworm casts were collected from two soil depths by litterbags in an organic arable crop rotation, and compared to bulk soil. The aim was to study if casts from geophagous (soil eating) earthworm species (Aporrectodea caliginosa and A. rosea) contained more plant available nutrients than bulk soil, as is well known for detritivorous species that eats plant residues. The average earthworm abundance for three seasons was 229 earthworms m-2 and the average biomass (fresh weight) was 73 g m-2. Significantly higher concentrations were found of all nutrients in casts as compared to bulk soil. On average for the two sites, these differences corresponded to amounts of kg ha-1 y-1, 5.6 for P, 8.9 for K, 5.3 for Mg, 144 for N and 2542 for C. The study indicates that earthworm casts are valuable nutrient sources for plants even in soils where the earthworm fauna is dominated by geophagous species.
Sammendrag
I 2008 ble det for første gang i det nasjonale overvåkningsprogrammet for brunbjørn (Ursus arctos) samtidig samlet inn hår- og ekskrementprøver fra alle områder der det tidligere er funnet hunnbjørn i Norge. Det ble samlet inn prøver fra Hedmark, Sogn og Fjordane, Møre og Romsdal, Sør-Trøndelag, Nord-Trøndelag, Nordland, Troms og Finnmark. Totalt ble det samlet 865 hår-, ekskrement og vevsprøver; 697 ekskrementprøver, 157 hårprøver, og 11 vevsprøver. Alle prøver ble DNA analysert, og totalt var 460 av de 865 prøvene positive (53 %). Det ble identifisert 120 ulike individer av brunbjørn i Norge i 2008; 40 hunnbjørn og 80 hannbjørn, hvorav 69 individer (58 %) var kjent fra foregående års DNA analyser av hår- og ekskrementprøver. Kjønnsfordelingen viste en overvekt av hannbjørn i alle fylker der begge kjønn var representert. Hunnbjørn ble påvist i følgende fylker: Finnmark, Troms, Nord-Trøndelag og Hedmark. I flere av innsamlingsområdene ble det identifisert flere brunbjørn i 2008 enn ved tidligere års analyser. I disse områdene var også det totale prøveantallet til analyse i 2008 høyere enn ved tidligere års innsamlinger. Rapporten beskriver også analyse av enkeltprøver innsamlet i Sverige og Finland i 2008, samt enkeltprøver samlet inn i Norge i 2007. DNA, brunbjørn, mikrosatellitt, overvåkning, Norge, DNA, brown bear, microsatellite, monitoring, Norway
Forfattere
Derek Stewart Inger Martinussen Publikasjonsforfatter Susan Verdall Eivind Uleberg Olavi JunttilaSammendrag
Cloudberries (Rubus chamaemorus L.) contain several phenolic compounds, but ellagitannins and ellagic acid derivatives dominate and are primarily responsible for the antioxidative effects of cloudberry. Generally, antioxidative activities and chemical composition of berries are affected both by the genotype and the environment. The aim of this study was to investigate the role of temperature and the genotypes used in the crossings on fruit quality. Since different genotypes might respond differently to different temperatures, possible interactions between genotype and temperature were also investigated. Plants were grown under controlled temperature treatments (9, 12, 15, 18°C; variation ±0.5C) in 24-h photoperiod. Ripe berries were harvested daily, frozen individually at -100°C and stored at this temperature until chemical analyses. There was a significant effect of female parent on both total phenols and total anthocyanins in the berries. Temperature affected the level of total anthocyanins, while there was no significant effect on the level of total phenols. High through-put MS-based analyses suggested subtle differences in phenolic composition in response to temperature and genotype. The results indicate that there is a need for breeding material with a special adaptation to different climatic conditions.
Sammendrag
Det er ikke registrert sammendrag
Forfattere
C. Saski L.B. Lee S. Fjellheim C. Guda R.K. Jansen H. Luo J. Tomkins O.A. Rognli H. Daniell jihong liu clarkeSammendrag
Det er ikke registrert sammendrag
Sammendrag
Pink snow mould brings a lot of injury on golf courses in cool and cold regions all over the world. There is unnecessary use of fungicides to date because the injury or even sporadic epidemics caused by the disease are difficult to predict. Improved knowledge about biology, ecology and genetics of Microdochium nivale furthers the development of alternative methods for IPM of pink snow mould.