Publikasjoner
NIBIOs ansatte publiserer flere hundre vitenskapelige artikler og forskningsrapporter hvert år. Her finner du referanser og lenker til publikasjoner og andre forsknings- og formidlingsaktiviteter. Samlingen oppdateres løpende med både nytt og historisk materiale. For mer informasjon om NIBIOs publikasjoner, besøk NIBIOs bibliotek.
2017
Forfattere
Line Johansen T. Lennartsson Anna Westin A. Iuga C.M. Ivascu Eveliina Kallioniemi Sølvi WehnSammendrag
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Sammendrag
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Sammendrag
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Sammendrag
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Forfattere
Jostein FrydenlundSammendrag
Arealstatistikk for Østfold fylke basert på arealressurskartet AR5 og søknader om produksjonstilskudd. Dokumentet inneholder også informasjon om strukturendring i landbruket og nedbygd jordbruksareal.
Forfattere
Tatsiana Espevig May Bente Brurberg Marina Usoltseva Åslög Dahl Agnar Kvalbein Karin Normann Jo Anne CrouchSammendrag
Dollar spot is a destructive and widespread disease affecting most turfgrass species, but until recently it has been absent from the Scandinavian countries of northern Europe. In the fall of 2014, disease symptoms consistent with dollar spot were observed on a golf course fairway in Sweden. A fungus was isolated from symptomatic turf and identified as Sclerotinia homoeocarpa on the basis of ribosomal deoxyribonucleic acid (rDNA) internal transcribed spacer (ITS) sequences, morphology, and culture characteristics. The ITS sequence was identical to isolates of S. homoeocarpa from the eastern and midwestern United States. Koch’s postulates were fulfilled, confirming the S. homoeocarpa isolate as the causal agent. This is the first report of turfgrass dollar spot in Sweden and only the second report of the disease from Scandinavia. Because pesticides are rarely used in the cultivation of Scandinavian turfgrass, dollar spot disease may prove difficult to control through conventional means and potentially represents a major threat to the industry.
Forfattere
John P. Clarkson Rachel J. Warmington Peter G. Walley Matthew Denton-Giles Martin J. Barbetti Guro Brodal Berit NordskogSammendrag
Det er ikke registrert sammendrag
Sammendrag
Background and aims Decomposition of the finest harvest residues is important for the carbon and nutrient cycle in forest ecosystems both before and after tree felling. We assumed that decomposition is dependent on harvest residue fraction and chemistry, soil temperature and moisture, and aimed at determining decomposition rates and nutrient dynamics of needles, twigs and fine roots from newly felled Picea abies trees in two sites with different climate and topography. Methods Decomposition of needles, twigs and fine roots in mesh bags was followed for up to six years and four years in harvesting sites in eastern and western Norway, respectively. The western site had a more humid climate and a steeper terrain than the eastern site. Results The mass loss after two years was significantly higher for needles (49–59%) than for twigs and fine roots (29–38%). Between sites, there was no significant difference between mass loss for neither needles nor twigs. Nitrogen accumulated in needles during the first year, but 35% of initial needle N had been released after three years. The initial needle and twig decomposition rate was dependent on soil moisture and topographic aspect. During the first three years, needle lignin concentrations retarded whereas P concentrations stimulated needle mass loss. For twigs, P concentrations stimulated mass loss, whereas higher soil temperatures reduced it. Conclusions Lignin and P concentrations of plant parts and soil temperature were the most important factors for the first three-year mass loss. The slow release of nutrients shows the importance of remaining needles, twigs and fine roots as a long-time nutrient source in the ecosystems under study.
2016
Forfattere
Janka Dibdiakova Liang Wang Henning HornSammendrag
Characterization of biomass ash melting and thermal behavior is crucial to prevent and reduce ash related problems in biomass-fired boilers, In present work, ash melting behaviours of spruce saw dust and bark were investigated by simultaneous thermal analysis (STA), The decomposition stages of sawdust and bark biomass were characterized by four peaks, respectively, The four peaks are the first relatively small one at temperatures about 317-341 °C, a second large peak at 419-451 °C, a small third peak at 860-1000 °C and a small endothermic peak at 1290-1400 °C, DSC curves of bark sample at both heating rates were shifted towards lower temperatures than DSC curves of sawdust fuels, On average, the degradation process starts 5 °C earlier and the second exothermic peaks in both heating rates are found even 20 °C earlier, The remaining residue of bark samples was approximately two times higher than that of sawdust, The ignition temperatures of both spruce and pine bark were slightly shifted to higher temperatures compared to those of spruce and pine sawdust samples, STA experiments of exanimated biomass fuels indicated that their critical melting temperatures lie in the range of 860-1000 °C, The information obtained in this study qualifies the STA method as a suitable and rather simple method for the determination of ash melting and thermal behavior of woody biomass. © 2016 ETA-Florence Renewable Energies.
2011
Forfattere
Per Jarle MøllerhagenSammendrag
I økologisk dyrking er det ikke tillatt å benytte seg av kjemiske midler mot tørråte, ugras og innsekter. Det er heller ikke tillatt å bruke Reglone til nedsviing av riset før opptak. Videre skal det ikke brukes annet en organisk gjødsel eller Debiogodkjent handelsgjødsel. Dette betyr at alle forebyggende tiltak, alternative metoder og mest mulig presis gjødsling er avgjørende for å kunne produsere ei høy kvalitetsavling. Økologisk potetproduksjon egner seg ikke like godt alle plasser, derfor vil en dyrkingsveiledning være med på og optimalisere øko- produksjonen på egnede steder.