Publikasjoner
NIBIOs ansatte publiserer flere hundre vitenskapelige artikler og forskningsrapporter hvert år. Her finner du referanser og lenker til publikasjoner og andre forsknings- og formidlingsaktiviteter. Samlingen oppdateres løpende med både nytt og historisk materiale. For mer informasjon om NIBIOs publikasjoner, besøk NIBIOs bibliotek.
2023
Forfattere
Dario Isidro Ojeda Alayon Max John Robert L. Hammond Riitta Savolainen Kari Vepsäläinen Torstein KvammeSammendrag
The Formicoxenus genus-group comprises six genera within the tribe Crematogastrini. The group is well known for repeated evolution of social parasitism among closely related taxa and cold-adapted species with large distribution ranges in the Nearctic and Palearctic regions. Previous analyses based on nuclear markers (ultraconserved elements, UCEs) and mitochondrial genes suggest close relationship between Formicoxenus Mayr, 1855, Leptothorax Mayr, 1855 and Harpagoxenus Forel, 1893. However, scant sampling has limited phylogenetic assessment of these genera. Also, previous phylogeographic analyses of L. acervorum (Fabricius, 1793) have been limited to its West-Palearctic range of distribution, which has provided a narrow view on recolonization, population structure and existing refugia of the species. Here, we inferred the phylogenenetic history of genera within the Formicoxenus genus-group and reconstructed the phylogeography of L. acervorum with more extensive sampling. We employed three datasets, one data set consisting of whole mitochondrial genomes, and two data sets of sequences of the COI-5P (658 bp) with different number of specimens. The topologies of previous nuclear and our inferences based on mitochondrial genomes were overall congruent. Further, Formicoxenus may not be monophyletic. We found several monophyletic lineages that do not correspond to the current species described within Leptothorax, especially in the Nearctic region. We identified a monophyletic L. acervorum lineage that comprises both Nearctic and Palearctic locations. The most recent expansion within L. acervorum probably occurred within the last 0.5 Ma with isolated populations predating the Last Glacial Maximum (LGM), which are localized in at least two refugial areas (Pyrenean and Northern plateau) in the Iberian Peninsula. The patterns recovered suggest a shared glacial refugium in the Iberian Peninsula with cold-adapted trees that currently share high-altitude environments in this region.
Forfattere
Anne Elisabeth Bjune Gunnar Bratbak Sigrunn Eliassen Bjørn Arild Hatteland Kristin Holtermann Maria Rigstad Langvad Ruth-Anne Sandaa Tone Stokka Aina-Cathrine ØvergårdSammendrag
Det er ikke registrert sammendrag
Forfattere
Lidong Mo Constantin M. Zohner Peter B. Reich Jingjing Liang Sergio de Miguel Gert-Jan Nabuurs Susanne S. Renner Johan van den Hoogen Arnan Araza Martin Herold Leila Mirzagholi Haozhi Ma Colin Averill Oliver L. Phillips Javier G. P. Gamarra Iris Hordijk Devin Routh Meinrad Abegg Yves C. Adou Yao Giorgio Alberti Angelica M. Almeyda Zambrano Braulio Vilchez Alvarado Esteban Alvarez-Dávila Patricia Alvarez-Loayza Luciana F. Alves Iêda Amaral Christian Ammer Clara Antón Fernandéz Alejandro Araujo-Murakami Luzmila Arroyo Valerio Avitabile Gerardo A. Aymard Timothy R. Baker Radomir Bałazy Olaf Banki Jorcely G. Barroso Meredith L. Bastian Jean-Francois Bastin Luca Birigazzi Philippe Birnbaum Robert Bitariho Pascal Boeckx Frans Bongers Olivier Bouriaud Pedro H. S. Brancalion Susanne Brandl Francis Q. Brearley Roel Brienen Eben N. Broadbent Helge Bruelheide Filippo Bussotti Roberto Cazzolla Gatti Ricardo G. César Goran Cesljar Robin L. Chazdon Han Y. H. Chen Chelsea Chisholm Hyunkook Cho Emil Cienciala Connie Clark David Clark Gabriel D. Colletta David A. Coomes Fernando Cornejo Valverde José J. Corral-Rivas Philip M. Crim Jonathan R. Cumming Selvadurai Dayanandan André L. de Gasper Mathieu Decuyper Géraldine Derroire Ben DeVries Ilija Djordjevic Jiri Dolezal Aurélie Dourdain Nestor Laurier Engone Obiang Brian J. Enquist Teresa J. Eyre Adandé Belarmain Fandohan Tom M. Fayle Ted R. Feldpausch Leandro V. Ferreira Leena Finér Markus Fischer Christine Fletcher Lorenzo Frizzera Damiano Gianelle Henry B. Glick David J. Harris Andrew Hector Andreas Hemp Geerten Hengeveld Bruno Hérault John L. Herbohn Annika Hillers Eurídice N. Honorio Coronado Cang Hui Thomas Ibanez Nobuo Imai Andrzej M. Jagodziński Bogdan Jaroszewicz Vivian Kvist Johannsen Carlos A. Joly Tommaso Jucker Ilbin Jung Viktor Karminov Kuswata Kartawinata Elizabeth Kearsley David Kenfack Deborah K. Kennard Sebastian Kepfer-Rojas Gunnar Keppel Mohammed Latif Khan Timothy J. Killeen Hyun Seok Kim Kanehiro Kitayama Michael Köhl Henn Korjus Florian Kraxner Dmitry Kucher Diana Laarmann Mait Lang Huicui Lu Natalia V. Lukina Brian S. Maitner Yadvinder Malhi Eric Marcon Beatriz Schwantes Marimon Ben Hur Marimon-Junior Andrew R. Marshall Emanuel H. Martin Jorge A. Meave Omar Melo-Cruz Casimiro Mendoza Irina Mendoza-Polo Stanislaw Miscicki Cory Merow Abel Monteagudo Mendoza Vanessa S. Moreno Sharif A. Mukul Philip Mundhenk María Guadalupe Nava-Miranda David Neill Victor J. Neldner Radovan V. Nevenic Michael R. Ngugi Pascal A. Niklaus Jacek Oleksyn Petr Ontikov Edgar Ortiz-Malavasi Yude Pan Alain Paquette Alexander Parada-Gutierrez Elena I. Parfenova Minjee Park Marc Parren Narayanaswamy Parthasarathy Pablo L. Peri Sebastian Pfautsch Nicolas Picard Maria Teresa F. Piedade Daniel Piotto Nigel C. A. Pitman Axel Dalberg Poulsen John R. Poulsen Hans Pretzsch Freddy Ramirez Arevalo Zorayda Restrepo-Correa Mirco Rodeghiero Samir G. Rolim Anand Roopsind Francesco Rovero Ervan Rutishauser Purabi Saikia Christian Salas-Eljatib Philippe Saner Peter Schall Mart-Jan Schelhaas Dmitry Schepaschenko Michael Scherer-Lorenzen Bernhard Schmid Jochen Schöngart Eric B. Searle Vladimír Seben Josep M. Serra-Diaz Douglas Sheil Anatoly Z. Shvidenko Javier E. Silva-Espejo Marcos Silveira James Singh Plinio Sist Ferry Slik Bonaventure Sonké Alexandre F. Souza Krzysztof J. Stereńczak Jens-Christian Svenning Miroslav Svoboda Ben Swanepoel Natalia Targhetta Nadja Tchebakova Hans ter Steege Raquel Thomas Elena Tikhonova Peter M. Umunay Vladimir A. Usoltsev Renato Valencia Fernando Valladares Fons van der Plas Tran Van Do Michael E. van Nuland Rodolfo M. Vasquez Hans Verbeeck Helder Viana Alexander C. Vibrans Simone Vieira Klaus von Gadow Hua-Feng Wang James V. Watson Gijsbert D. A. Werner Susan K. Wiser Florian Wittmann Hannsjoerg Woell Verginia Wortel Roderik Zagt Tomasz Zawiła-Niedźwiecki Chunyu Zhang Xiuhai Zhao Mo Zhou Zhi-Xin Zhu Irie C. Zo-Bi George D. Gann Thomas W. CrowtherSammendrag
Forests are a substantial terrestrial carbon sink, but anthropogenic changes in land use and climate have considerably reduced the scale of this system1. Remote-sensing estimates to quantify carbon losses from global forests2,3,4,5 are characterized by considerable uncertainty and we lack a comprehensive ground-sourced evaluation to benchmark these estimates. Here we combine several ground-sourced6 and satellite-derived approaches2,7,8 to evaluate the scale of the global forest carbon potential outside agricultural and urban lands. Despite regional variation, the predictions demonstrated remarkable consistency at a global scale, with only a 12% difference between the ground-sourced and satellite-derived estimates. At present, global forest carbon storage is markedly under the natural potential, with a total deficit of 226 Gt (model range = 151–363 Gt) in areas with low human footprint. Most (61%, 139 Gt C) of this potential is in areas with existing forests, in which ecosystem protection can allow forests to recover to maturity. The remaining 39% (87 Gt C) of potential lies in regions in which forests have been removed or fragmented. Although forests cannot be a substitute for emissions reductions, our results support the idea2,3,9 that the conservation, restoration and sustainable management of diverse forests offer valuable contributions to meeting global climate and biodiversity targets.
Forfattere
Dag Fjeld Magnus Persson Johan E.S. Fransson Jan Bjerketvedt Martin BråthenSammendrag
Recent decades have seen increased temperatures and precipitation in the Nordic countries with long-term projections for reduced frost duration and depth. The consequence of these trends has been a gradual shift of delivery volumes to the frost-free season, requiring more agile management to exploit suitable weather conditions. Bearing capacity and trafficability are dependent on soil moisture state and in this context two satellite missions offer potenially useful information on soil moisture levels; NASA’s SMAP (Soil Moisture Active Passive) and ESA’s Sentinel-1. The goal of this pilot study was to quantify the performance of such satellite-based soil moisture variables for modeling forest road bearing capacity (e-module) during the frost-free season. The study was based on post-transport registrations of 103 forest road segments on the coastal and interior side of the Scandinavian mountain range. The analysis focused on roads of three types of surface deposits. Weekly SMAP soil moisture values better explained the variation in road e-module than soil water index (SWI) derived from Sentinel-1. Soil Water Index (SWI), however, reflected the weather conditions typical for operations on the respective surface deposit types. Regression analysis using (i) SMAP-based soil dryness index and (ii) its interaction with surface deposit types, together with (iii) the ratio between a combined SMAP_SWI dryness index and segment-specific depth to water (DTW) explained over 70% of the variation in road e-module. The results indicate a future potential to monitor road trafficability over large supply areas on a weekly level, given further refinement of study methods and variables for improved prediction.
Sammendrag
This paper explores the utilisation of gauge rainfall and satellite-based precipitation product (SPP)-TRMM3B42, to develop IDF curves for the Fiji Islands. The study compares the application of remote sensing data against rain gauge (RG) data for two main stations, Nadi and Nausori (1991 to 2020). The accuracy of SPPs is evaluated through statistical analysis, employing continuous and categorical evaluation indices. The results indicate that TRMM3B42 tends to overestimate light precipitation and underestimate heavy rainfall in low elevations when compared to rain gauge data. Rainfall intensities derived from satellite data exhibit relative changes within ± 10%. This study also performs future projections. Two greenhouse emission scenarios, Shared Socioeconomic Pathways (SSP) 2–4.5 and 5–8.5, are employed for IDF curve projection. The analysis reveals that changes in IDF curves are more pronounced for short-duration rainfall as compared to high-duration rainfall. Additionally, higher emission scenarios demonstrate greater changes compared to lower scenarios. These findings emphasise the importance of accounting for climate change and future projections in designing urban infrastructure, particularly considering potential urban expansion and human settlements. This study helps in solving design problems associated with urban runoff control and disposal where knowing the rainfall intensities of different return periods with different durations is vital.
Forfattere
Anne Linn Hykkerud Frøydis Gillund Ellen Elverland Hilde Halland Tor Jakob Johansen Jørgen A.B. MølmannSammendrag
Det er ikke registrert sammendrag
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Det er ikke registrert sammendrag
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Det er ikke registrert sammendrag
Sammendrag
NIBIO har taksert elgbeite på oppdrag av Grenland Landbrukskontor i 2022-2023. Det rikeste beitetilbudet var i sørøst, mens nord var spesielt fattig på buskbeite, og sørvest mer furudominert og variabel. I rapporten er regionen delt inn i Nord, Vest og Sør. Særlig Vest hadde høy dekning av blåbærlyng, mens Sør skilte seg ut med høy dekning av høge urter og bringebær. Også Nord hadde bra dekning av blåbærlyng, men lite annet attraktivt feltsjiktbeite. Vi fant lavere enn forventet tetthet av trær i beitehøyde (30-300 cm) i alle delområdene. Takst etter samme metodikk i Kjose i 2005 indikerer at både tetthet av beitetrær og ubeita skudd-cm/tre har gått ned, til tross for yngre skog i dag. Det skyldes trolig høyt beitepress fra hjortevilt, og skogskjøtsel over tid. Se anbefalinger i utvidet sammendrag. Vi har beregnet at det er mat til maks 0.6 elg per km2 (vinterbestand) i Nord og Vest, og 1.3 per km2 i Sør. Dette er et maks optimistisk anslag, gitt at beiteplantene ikke hadde vært kuet, og hvor det må gjøres fratrekk for hjort. Et svært grovt anslag er at hjorten tar 30-50% av bæreevnen i Nord og Vest, og 15-25% i Sør. De siste 5 årene har beregnet tetthet av elg i snitt vært 0.6-0.9 elg/km2 i Grenland som helhet. Uten mer presis kunnskap om hjortens beiting er det vanskelig å si hvilken tetthet av elg som vil bidra til å friskmelde beitene. Et friskmeldt beite er en nødvendighet, men ingen garanti, for elg i god kondisjon. Elg har også andre og økende utfordringer som kan svekke kondisjonen, som et varmere klima, men beitene er fortsatt en viktig brikke i puslespillet av faktorer som bidrar til den vedvarende dårlige kondisjonen på elg i Grenland.
Sammendrag
Det er ikke registrert sammendrag