Publikasjoner
NIBIOs ansatte publiserer flere hundre vitenskapelige artikler og forskningsrapporter hvert år. Her finner du referanser og lenker til publikasjoner og andre forsknings- og formidlingsaktiviteter. Samlingen oppdateres løpende med både nytt og historisk materiale. For mer informasjon om NIBIOs publikasjoner, besøk NIBIOs bibliotek.
2018
Sammendrag
There has been low level of drainage activity in Norway for since the mid-1980. Every year about 5,000 hectares were drained, which is below half the size compared with the decade before. More wet summers combined with the introduction of subsidies for drainage in 2013 and that the rate were doubled in 2017, has increased the interest in drainage. In 2017, there were 3,155 applications for subsidies for drainage at the total amount of NOK 115,000 million. In this report, we have evaluated the profitability of drainage based on registrations from a field experiment in Askvoll and a field experiment with inverted peat in Fræna. On both fields, data on quality and quantity of the roughage was registered in the period 2014-2017...
Forfattere
Grete StokstadSammendrag
Det er ikke registrert sammendrag
Sammendrag
The extent of land lease is increasing in many countries, including Norway. This paper develops a von Thünen type model of optimal land plots to lease from a farm’s center. For a single farm setting the optimality principle is that land is leased as long as the expected marginal value of leasing the land is greater than or equal to the expected marginal costs of leasing the land. The single farm model setting captures land lease at the extensive margin, i.e., under absence of competition for leasing land. Land lease at the intensive margin, i.e., when there is competition for leasing farm fields, is more interesting. We distinguish between two cases. In the first case, continued farm operations do not depend on being able to lease more land. Then we show that optimal land lease results when the expected profits for each farm of leasing its least profitable field is equal among farms competing for the same farm field. This also corresponds to an economically efficient allocation of leased land. Our second case at the intensive margin is more complicated. Here, farm survival depends on attracting acreage of leased land to allow for investment in cost saving technology. We show that the resulting allocation of leased land corresponds to the solution of a game involving bidding for land to prevent other farmers from getting land, which in turn leads to farmer exit and therefore increases the future supply of land available at the land lease market. In the first round of the game, winners of the land lease auction pays more for the leased land than they would have done in absence preventive bidding. The model framework is applicable for other settings where locking out competitors are parts of agents’ strategy space. Key words: von Thünen, non-cooperative game theory, auctions with preventive bidding. JEL classification: C72, D44, L13
Forfattere
Grete StokstadSammendrag
Rapporten dokumenterer innsamlede data fra overvåkingsprogrammet 3Q for Akershus og Oslo. Det er samlet inn data om jordbruksarealet i drift, og hvilke arealtyper som ligger rundt jordbruksarealet i en 100 meter buffersone. Rapporten presentere også arealendringer. Videre er det rapportert forekomst og endringer av ulike elementer i jordbrukslandskapet. Dette er elementer som kan ha betydning for biologisk mangfold, tilgjengelighet og muligheten for effektiv bruk av arealene. Blant annet beregnes jordstykkestørrelse og endringer i jordstykkestørrelse. Eksempler på elementer som registreres er trerekker langs vei, åkerholmer, stier og dammer, men det registres også bygninger og høyspentmaster innen jordbruksarealet og området rundt jordbruksarealet.
Forfattere
Grete StokstadSammendrag
Rapporten dokumenterer innsamlede data fra overvåkingsprogrammet 3Q for Buskerud. Det er samlet inn data om jordbruksarealet i drift, og hvilke arealtyper som ligger rundt jordbruksarealet i en 100 meter buffersone. Rapporten presentere også arealendringer. Videre er det rapportert forekomst og endringer av ulike elementer i jordbrukslandskapet. Dette er elementer som kan ha betydning for biologisk mangfold, tilgjengelighet og muligheten for effektiv bruk av arealene. Blant annet beregnes jordstykkestørrelse og endringer i jordstykkestørrelse. Eksempler på elementer som registreres er trerekker langs vei, åkerholmer, stier og dammer, men det registres også bygninger og høyspentmaster innen jordbruksarealet og området rundt jordbruksarealet.
Forfattere
Grete StokstadSammendrag
Rapporten dokumenterer innsamlede data fra overvåkingsprogrammet 3Q for Østfold. Det er samlet inn data om jordbruksarealet i drift, og hvilke arealtyper som ligger rundt jordbruksarealet i en 100 meter buffersone. Rapporten presentere også arealendringer. Videre er det rapportert forekomst og endringer av ulike elementer i jordbrukslandskapet. Dette er elementer som kan ha betydning for biologisk mangfold, tilgjengelighet og muligheten for effektiv bruk av arealene. Blant annet beregnes jordstykkestørrelse og endringer i jordstykkestørrelse. Eksempler på elementer som registreres er trerekker langs vei, åkerholmer, stier og dammer, men det registres også bygninger og høyspentmaster innen jordbruksarealet og området rundt jordbruksarealet.
Forfattere
Grete StokstadSammendrag
Det er ikke registrert sammendrag
Forfattere
Christian PedersenSammendrag
Det er ikke registrert sammendrag
Forfattere
Christian PedersenSammendrag
Det er ikke registrert sammendrag
Sammendrag
In cold-temperate climate with high soil water content in spring, the farmer often faces the choice between topsoil compaction during seedbed preparation and delayed sowing, both of which may reduce attainable cereal yield. The objective of this study was to explore whether future climate change with increasing precipitation would aggravate this dilemma. We generated weather based on historical and projected future climate in Southeastern and Central Norway. Using this weather data as input, we simulated spring workability, attainable yield, timeliness costs, and mechanization management with a workability model and a mechanization model. The projected climate changes resulted in improved workability for spring fieldwork and higher attainable yield in South-eastern Norway, and either positive or negative changes in Central Norway compared to historical conditions. We observed a general increase in variability of workability and attainable yield, and a larger risk of extremely unfavourable years in the most unfavourable scenarios in Central Norway. Changes in profitability and mechanization management were small, but followed the same pattern. The negative effects in the most unfavourable climate scenarios in Central Norway were in contrast to positive effects in earlier studies. We explained discrepancies by differences in research methods and purpose. However, simulated sowing dates of annual crops should consider workability of the soil, in terms of water content. Under worst-case conditions, in need of a certain time window to complete their spring fieldwork, farmers might adapt to impaired spring workability by working the soil at higher water content than simulated in our study. The consequence would be a larger loss of attainable yield and less profitability in the future. We anticipate that negative effects may also be expected in other northern cold-temperate regions with high soil water content in spring.