Publikasjoner
NIBIOs ansatte publiserer flere hundre vitenskapelige artikler og forskningsrapporter hvert år. Her finner du referanser og lenker til publikasjoner og andre forsknings- og formidlingsaktiviteter. Samlingen oppdateres løpende med både nytt og historisk materiale. For mer informasjon om NIBIOs publikasjoner, besøk NIBIOs bibliotek.
2012
Forfattere
Hilde Karine WamSammendrag
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Sammendrag
Det er ikke registrert sammendrag
Forfattere
Hilde Karine WamSammendrag
Det er ikke registrert sammendrag
Sammendrag
Beitetilbud, dyretetthet og skader på granforyngelse ble taksert på 56 hogstflater innenfor og utenfor sperregjerdet for husdyrbeiting i Ringsakerallmenningene i september 2012. Vi fant 1/3 så mye lauv innenfor som utenfor gjerdet, og lauvet innenfor var hardere beitet. Det er derfor minimalt med vinternæring for elg innenfor gjerdet. I feltvegetasjonen dominerer gras både innenfor og utenfor. Det tas i dag ut like mange fórenheter av storfe som av sau. Dyretettheten tilsier at det samlede beitetrykket ligger noe høyere enn den beitemessige bærevnen, først og fremst pga. antall storfe. Andel skadde granplanter var betydelig høyere innenfor (56%) enn utenfor (37%) gjerdet. Skadeandelen øker med tetthet av storfe på flata (men ikke med tetthet av sau). På de mest utsatte flatene var fire av fem planter skadd. Dagens tetthet av storfe vanskeliggjør derfor foryngelse av skogen. Et litteratursøk viser at tråkkskader i ung vekstfase sjelden gir råte som på sikt skader trærne (trærne dør enten innen kort tid eller skaden heles), men dette er studier fra 50- tallet. Forholdene (eks. klima, praksis i skogbruket) har endret seg siden da, og nye studier bør utføres.
Forfattere
Hilde Karine WamRedaktører
Anita Marlene LandSammendrag
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Sammendrag
Logging exceeded growth and timber trees were sparse in Norwegian forests in the early 1900s. Still, the forest canopy was lush green and characterised by large tree-crowns. This situation was referred to as the “Green lie” and was advocated by foresters throughout Scandinavia as an argument in favour of forestry practices based on clear-felling. Here we examine effects of past selective loggings on forest structure and composition in a spruce forest landscape using dendroecology and historical records. Our results show that forests that were selectively logged up to the early 1900s could be structurally heterogeneous with multi-layered canopies, varying degree of openness and continuous presence of old trees across different spatial scales. Because the past forests were not clear-felled, a diverse forest structure in terms of tree species composition and age and diameter distribution was maintained over time, which could enable forest-dwelling species to persist during the early phase following the loggings in the past. This is in sharp contrast to the situation in most modern managed forest landscapes in Scandinavia. A better understanding of the link between loggings in the past- and present-day forest structure and diversity will contribute to rewarding discussions on forestry methods for the future.
Forfattere
Merete Grung Sissel Ranneklev Øyvind Garmo Richard Frederic Wright Tor Myking Einar Heegaard Bernt-Håvard Øyen Fride Høistad Schei Hans Haavardsholm BlomSammendrag
CO2 Technology Centre Mongstad will be the world\"s largest test centre for testing and development of CO2 capture technology. The emissions to the atmosphere from CO2 Technology Centre Mongstad contain amines and may in addition contain or lead to the formation of degradation products from amine-based CO2 capture technology. An environmental baseline survey was conducted in 2011 prior to the operation. The survey performed is broad, and describes in detail the environmental situation both in terrestrial and aquatic ecosystems as well as relevant chemical compositions of a range of matrices such as soil, plants and water. The data collected in the monitoring program were used to propose a future monitoring program in the area.
Forfattere
Jarkko Koskela Franҫois Lefèvre Silvio Schüler Hojka Kraigher Ditte C. Olrik Jason Hubert Roman Longauer Michele Bozzano Leena Yrjänä Paraskevi Alizoti Peter Rotach Lorenzo Vietto Sándor Bordács Tor Myking Thröstur Eysteinsson Oudara Souvannavong Bruno Fady Bart De Cuyper Berthold Heinze Georg von Wühlisch Alexis Ducousso Bjerne DitlevsenSammendrag
This paper provides a review of theoretical and practical aspects related to genetic management of forest trees. The implementation of international commitments on forest genetic diversity has been slow and partly neglected. Conservation of forest genetic diversity is still riddled with problems, and complexities of national legal and administrative structures. Europe is an example of a complex region where the distribution ranges of tree species extend across large geographical areas with profound environmental differences, and include many countries. Conservation of forest genetic diversity in Europe has been hampered by a lack of common understanding on the management requirements for genetic conservation units of forest trees. The challenge resides in integrating scientific knowledge on conservation genetics into management of tree populations so that recommendations are feasible to implement across different countries. Here, we present pan-European minimum requirements for dynamic conservation units of forest genetic diversity. The units are natural or man-made tree populations which are managed for maintaining evolutionary processes and adaptive potential across generations. Each unit should have a designated status and a management plan, and one or more tree species recognized as target species for genetic conservation. The minimum sizes of the units are set at 500, 50 or 15 reproducing individuals depending on tree species and conservation objectives. Furthermore, silvicultural interventions should be allowed to enhance genetic processes, as needed, and field inventories carried out to monitor regeneration and the population size. These minimum requirements are now used by 36 countries to improve management of forest genetic diversity.
Sammendrag
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Sammendrag
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