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2000

Sammendrag

The effects of forest fragmentation on the abundance of red fox Vulpes vulpes and pine marten Martes martes were studied by combining snow-track data (1994-1997) with forest stands habitat information at landscape level. Thirteen study areas located in boreal conifer and boreal birch forest were selected for the investigation.The decreasing proportion of older forest and increasing proportion of young forest in the landscapes positively affected track density of red fox. With the habitat classification used, landscape composition explained 46% of the spatial variation in fox abundance. Earlier habitat-studies in Scandinavian conclude that pine marten is a habitat specialist, with an affinity for old spruce habitats.With this in mind we surprisingly didn`t find any effects on tracks density along the fragmentation gradient. We have no data to explain this results, but we hypothesis that there is a source-sink population dynamics at regional scale. Still some large landscapes with high proportion of remnant habitats could be a source for the population in highly fragmentated landscapes.The abundance of red fox and pine marten were not negatively correlated, indicating that competition and intraguild predation by red fox do not determine abundance of pine marten on a landscape scale.Anyway, a comparative study from Fulufjllet national park indicate that the impact of red fox on pine marten increase if landscapes were transformed from large-grained patches of remnant to fine-grained mosaics of clear cuts and old forest. We conclude that human-caused forest fragmentation increased the predation pressure of red fox on small game species, but that the evidence against the pine marten is weaker.