Publikasjoner
NIBIOs ansatte publiserer flere hundre vitenskapelige artikler og forskningsrapporter hvert år. Her finner du referanser og lenker til publikasjoner og andre forsknings- og formidlingsaktiviteter. Samlingen oppdateres løpende med både nytt og historisk materiale. For mer informasjon om NIBIOs publikasjoner, besøk NIBIOs bibliotek.
2021
Forfattere
Claire CoutrisSammendrag
Det er ikke registrert sammendrag
Forfattere
Claire CoutrisSammendrag
Det er ikke registrert sammendrag
Forfattere
Tania Gomes Agathe Bour Claire Coutris Ana Catarina Almeida Inger Lise Nerland Bråte Raoul Wolf Michael S. Bank Amy LusherSammendrag
Plastic pollution is a widespread environmental problem that is currently one of the most discussed issues by scientists, policymakers and society at large. The potential ecotoxicological effects of plastic particles in a wide range of organisms have been investigated in a growing number of exposure studies over the past years. Nonetheless, many questions still remain regarding the overall effects of microplastics and nanoplastics on organisms from different ecosystem compartments, as well as the underlying mechanisms behind the observed toxicity. This chapter provides a comprehensive literature review on the ecotoxicological impacts of microplastics and nanoplastics in terrestrial and aquatic organisms in the context of particle characteristics, interactive toxicological effects, taxonomic gradients and with a focus on synergies with associated chemicals. Overall, a total of 220 references were reviewed for their fulfilment of specific quality criteria (e.g. experimental design, particle characteristics, ecotoxicological endpoints and findings), after which 175 were included in our assessment. The analysis of the reviewed studies revealed that organisms’ responses were overall influenced by the physicochemical heterogeneity of the plastic particles used, for which distinct differences were attributed to polymer type, size, morphology and surface alterations. On the other hand, little attention has been paid to the role of additive chemicals in the overall toxicity. There is still little consistency regarding the biological impacts posed by plastic particles, with observed ecotoxicological effects being highly dependent on the environmental compartment assessed and specific morphological, physiological and behavioural traits of the species used. Nonetheless, evidence exists of impacts across successive levels of biological organization, covering effects from the subcellular level up to the ecosystem level. This review presents the important research gaps concerning the ecotoxicological impacts of plastic particles in different taxonomical groups, as well as recommendations on future research priorities needed to better understand the ecological risks of plastic particles in terrestrial and aquatic environments.
Forfattere
Anastasia Georgantzopoulou Sebastian Kühr Andy Booth Julia Farkas Claire Coutris Ralf Kaegi Mark Rehkämper Ailbhe Macken Kuria Ndungu Patricia Almeida cavalho Saer Samanipour Kevin V Thomas Karina Petersen Tania Gomes Maria Thérése Hultman Adam David LillicrapSammendrag
Det er ikke registrert sammendrag
Forfattere
Anastasia Georgantzopoulou Sebastian Kühr Andy Booth Julia Farkas Claire Coutris Ralf Kaegi Mark Rehkämper Ailbhe Macken Kuria Ndungu Patricia Almeida Carvalho Saer Samanipour Kevin V. Thomas Karina Petersen Tania Gomes Maria Thérése Hultman Adam David LillicrapSammendrag
The production, diversity and use of engineered nanomaterials (ENMs) increases globally as the market and number of applications for ENM expands. Silver (Ag), zinc (Zn) and titanium dioxide (TiO2) ENMs are among the most widely used in industrial processes and consumer products leading to increased releases to wastewater treatment plants (WWTP) from domestic and industrial sources. Material flow analyses suggest that landfills or agricultural soils and sediments are the main receiving compartments for ENM, depending on the application and ENM type. However, knowledge on the fate and transformation of ENMs in WWTP biosolids following their use as fertilizer on agricultural land, their impacts on soil and sediment ecosystems released through run-off after land-application are only poorly understood. ENTRANS aims to improve the understanding of the behavior and physicochemical transformation processes impacting ENM in different environmental media (wastewater, biosolids, soil, sediment) and how this transformation influences ENM bioavailability, bioaccumulation and toxicity in organisms from receiving environments considered to be the final sinks for ENMs, soil and sediments. The ENTRANS project will follow and characterize the physicochemical transformation of ENMs in WWTP and environmental compartments. Using isotopically labelled Ag, Zn and TiO2 ENMs, the transformation and further impact of these particles, including bioavailability, bioaccumulation, biodistribution and toxicity, will be tracked and studied using relevant in vitro and in vivo models to provide a better understanding of the link between transformation, uptake and observed toxicity. Existing guidelines will be improved to incorporate environmentally relevant exposures and toxicity endpoints of regulatory relevance and novel bioassays will be developed focusing on immune and stress responses. The transformation processes, exposure and uptake, biodistribution and toxicity data will be carefully generated so that the obtained results can be integrated into computational fate and exposure models and a risk assessment can be performed.
Forfattere
Sebastian Kühr Anastasia Georgantzopoulou Booth Andy M. Julia Farkas Claire Coutris Ralf Kaegi Mark Rehkämper Ailbhe Lisette Macken Stephen Kuria Ndungu Patricia A. Carvalho Saer Samanipour Kevin V Thomas Karina Petersen Tania Gomes Maria Thérése Hultman Adam David LillicrapSammendrag
Det er ikke registrert sammendrag
Forfattere
Cecilia Askham Valentina Pauna Anne-Marie Boulay Peter Fantke Olivier Jolliet Jerome Lavoie Andy Booth Claire Coutris Francesca Verones Miriam Weber Martina Vijver Amy Lusher Carla Hajjar Naiara CasagrandeSammendrag
Det er ikke registrert sammendrag
Forfattere
Claire CoutrisSammendrag
The presentation covers some of the work we are doing on two important sources of plastics and microplastics in Norwegian agricultural soils. The first is through soil amendment with biogas digestate. The second is through plastic mulching with biodegradable plastic film.
Sammendrag
While tire wear and tear is known to be a major source of microplastics in the environment, its monitoring is still hampered by the lack of analytical methods able to provide concentrations in environmental matrices. Tirewear particles (TWP) present in road runoff enter the drainage system through gully pots, built to prevent sediment deposition in the drainage system, and eventually protect downstream receiving waters. The aim of this study was to detect and quantify TWP in gully pot sediments, by using a novel method combining Simultaneous Thermal Analysis (STA), Fourier Transform Infrared (FTIR) spectroscopy and Parallel Factor Analysis (PARAFAC). The method was applied to samples from five sites in Southern Norway, characterized by different traffic densities and patterns. The method involved no sample pretreatment, the whole sediment samplewas submitted to thermal decomposition in STA, and gases generated during pyrolysis were continuously transferred to FTIR. The FTIR data were arranged in a trilinearmulti-way dataset (samples × IR spectra wavenumber × pyrolysis temperature) and then analyzed by PARAFAC. The results showed that TWP concentrations in gully pots varied greatly across sites, ranging frombelow1 mgTWP/g sediment in streetswith the lowest traffic densities, to 150 mgTWP/g sediment at themost trafficked study site. The results also indicated that other traffic conditions, such as driving patterns influence TWP concentrations. Finally, by enabling quantification of TWP in gully pot sediments, the approach presented here supports environmental monitoring of TWP and safe disposal of gully pot sediments, which is critical for environmental pollution management.
Forfattere
Eva BrodSammendrag
Det er ikke registrert sammendrag