Publications
NIBIOs employees contribute to several hundred scientific articles and research reports every year. You can browse or search in our collection which contains references and links to these publications as well as other research and dissemination activities. The collection is continously updated with new and historical material.
2024
Abstract
Accurate locating and counting of litopenaeus vannamei fry can provide substantial support for vannamei fry sales and scientific feeding. However, traditional methods not only require visual observation by experts, but also are time-consuming and labor-intensive, with no guarantee to reach consensus between salesmen and customers. In contrast, more innovative methods require more expensive equipment or are only effective under specific conditions. The small size and high density nature of the shrimp fry makes its counting even more challenging. In this study, a point prediction method for counting and localization of litopenaeus vannamei fry with region-based super-resolution enhancement (PPCL-RSE) is proposed. Through the inclusion of three modules of density partitioning, high-density region expansion and regional super-resolution, the accuracy of fry counting and locating is improved. The model is deployed on a cloud server for convenient fry counting and localization based on images taken by smartphone cameras. To achieve this, we create a dataset called Vannamei-983 which contains images with more than 1,000,000 fry labeled. The proposed method shows accuracies of 99.04 % and 97.71 % in counting and localization of shrimp fry in low- and high-density images, respectively. The excellent model performance also demonstrate the effectiveness of the strategies considered in the study.
Authors
Stefano PulitiAbstract
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Jorunn BørveAbstract
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In the present work we have investigated the effects of abiotic and biotic factors on the growth and quality of carrots. The experiment tested how precipitation above field capacity (WATER) vs. no precipitation (DROUGHT) affect carrot growth and storability. Each treatment period lasted three weeks. We found no yield difference between the treatments at harvesting the carrots (6.6 vs. 6 t daa‑1) and the proportion of fresh roots was generally around 85%. High precipitation, especially in the latter part of the growth period, resulted in a higher proportion of cracked roots, number of roots with a lighter colour, rot in the upper part of the root and the occurrence of enlarged cork cells. After storage, we did not see any difference between the different treatments in the proportion of fresh roots. There was a slight tendency for tip rot to increase during drought at the end of the season. The soil content of phosphorous (P), potassium (K), magnesium (Mg), calcium (Ca) and sodium (Na) was reduced by high water supply, especially early in the season. The nutrient content in the roots was generally less affected by treatments than the soil mineral content. We found that the content of K and manganese (Mn) was higher at high water supply and the content of zinc (Zn) and ion (Fe) lower. The dry matter content was lowest in the treatments with a high-water supply. As the precipitation influences the soil content of some minerals, we looked at how low pH, low Ca content in the soil, would influence carrot growth. High soil pH (7.4 vs. 5.5) resulted in a higher proportion of roots with fingers when harvesting, but a lower proportion of roots with tip rot after storage (7.8 vs. 3.3%) as well as a higher proportion of healthy roots (83% vs. 67%). The conclusion is that the climatic changes where periods with high precipitation and with drought occur more often require attention to cultivation methods to reduce the negative effects.
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Jian LiuAbstract
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Andrea FickeAbstract
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Authors
Elena L. Zvereva Benjamin Adroit Tommi Andersson Craig R. A. Barnett Sofia Branco Bastien Castagneyrol Giancarlo Maria Chiarenza Wesley Dáttilo Ek del-Val Jan Filip Jory Griffith Anna L. Hargreaves Juan Antonio Hernández-Agüero Isabelle L. H. Silva Yixuan Hong Gabriella Kietzka Petr Klimeš Max Koistinen Oksana Y. Kruglova Satu Kumpula Paula Lopezosa Marti March-Salas Robert J. Marquis Yuri M. Marusik Angela T. Moles Anne Muola Mercy Murkwe Akihiro Nakamura Cameron Olson Emilio Pagani-Núñez Anna Popova Olivia Rahn Alexey Reshchikov Antonio Rodriguez-Campbell Seppo Rytkönen Katerina Sam Antigoni Sounapoglou Robert Tropek Cheng Wenda Guorui Xu Yu Zeng Maxim Zolotarev Natalia A. Zubrii Vitali Zverev Mikhail V. KozlovAbstract
Aim Long-standing theory predicts that the intensity of biotic interactions increases from high to low latitudes. Studies addressing geographic variation in predation on insect prey have often relied on prey models, which lack many characteristics of live prey. Our goals were to explore global latitudinal patterns of predator attack rates on standardised live insect prey and to compare the patterns in predation on live insects with those on plasticine prey models. Location Global forested areas. Time Period 2021–2023. Major Taxa Arthropods, birds. Methods We measured predation rates in 43 forested locations distributed across five continents from 34.1° S to 69.5° N latitude. At each location, we exposed 20 sets of three bait types, one set per tree. Each set included three live fly larvae (maggots), three live fly puparia and three plasticine models of the puparia. We used glue rings to isolate half of the sets from non-flying predators. Results Arthropod attack rates on plasticine prey decreased linearly from low to high latitudes, whereas attack rates on maggots had a U shaped distribution, with the lowest predation rates at temperate latitudes and the highest rates at tropical and boreal latitudes. This difference emerged from intensive predator attacks on live maggots, but not on plasticine models, in boreal sites. Site-specific attack rates of arthropod predators on live and plasticine prey were not correlated. In contrast, bird attack rates on live maggots and plasticine models were positively correlated, but did not show significant latitudinal changes. Main Conclusions Latitudinal patterns in predation differ between major groups of predators and between types of prey. Poleward decreases in both arthropod and combined arthropod and bird predation on plasticine models do not mirror patterns of predation on our live prey, the latter likely reflecting real patterns of predation risk better than do patterns of attack on artificial prey.