Publications
NIBIOs employees contribute to several hundred scientific articles and research reports every year. You can browse or search in our collection which contains references and links to these publications as well as other research and dissemination activities. The collection is continously updated with new and historical material.
2024
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Lecture – The Role of Plant Health in the context of the one health framework
Belachew Asalf Tadesse
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Belachew Asalf TadesseAbstract
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Creatively integrating synthetic materials (semiconductors and electrodes) and microorganisms, the semi-artificial photosynthetic system (SAPS) couples the advantages of natural photosystems (high catalytic reaction selectivity) and artificial photosystems (excellent light-harvesting performance). This combination effectively overcomes the shortcomings of poor selectivity in artificial photosystems, bringing new opportunities for developing photosynthetic systems. It also provides a promising strategy for addressing the current energy crisis and environmental pollution. The design and selection of synthetic materials play a crucial role in this system, aiming to achieve efficient photon capture and electron transfer. This review begins by exploring the fundamental principles of SAPS, emphasizing the integration of materials and microorganisms and the factors that influence their interactions. It provides a critical analysis of the diverse compositional arrangements and systematically elucidates the foundational research methodologies employed in the investigation of SAPS. Grounded in their distinctive redox characteristics, it comprehensively surveys their recent applications in environmental remediation and sustainable energy production over the past years. Finally, reflections on future research are proposed, beginning with the challenges that limit the application of SAPS. Building on previous studies, the present review identifies the factors that limit SAPS and suggests potential avenues for future research. Additionally, this review delves into the environmental and economic policies and practical implications. In conclusion, by critically assessing the existing research landscape, delineating challenges, and charting future research directions, the present review aims to provide valuable insights for researchers and practitioners, guiding efforts toward advancing SAPS for enhanced environmental sustainability and economic feasibility.
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This NIBIO report analyzes the role of agriculture in renewable energy production in Norway compared to EU countries. A detailed analysis explores renewable energy from agriculture, particularly biofuels and agricultural biogas.
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This article aims to increase the knowledge of the roles and functions of public health institutes (PHIs) by exploring and comparing the Scandinavian PHIs, their roots, and developments over time. The research questions are the following: What was the history behind these public institutions? How have they changed over time? Have they followed divergent or parallel paths of change? How, if at all, have they been influenced by public sector reforms? Comparing the three Scandinavian countries based on an institutionalist approach, the article seeks to increase the understanding of the role of PHIs in governing public health. The article is based on documents from parliaments and governments from the public health institutes, supplemented by institution narratives and relevant public health and public administration literature. The Scandinavian PHIs have common roots from the early 1900s, have followed different routes, and have different institutional characteristics and different roles as public health institutions. However, after more than 100 years, the Scandinavian PHIs belong to the international PHI organization. They are responsible for knowledge dissemination, surveillance, and preparedness for the handling of epidemics and pandemics. The article argues for more comparative research on institutions related to public health authorities, such as the PHIs.
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Desalegn Chala Gelete Abel Gizaw Seid Jessica P.R. Thorn Aida Cuni-Sanchez Gerald Eilu Sebsebe Demissew Claudia Hemp Andreas Hemp Christine B. Schmitt Marchant Rob Christian BrochmannAbstract
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Desalegn Chala Abel Gizaw Seid Jessica P.R. Thorn Aida Cuni-Sanchez Gerald Eilu Sebsebe Demissew Claudia Hemp Andreas Hemp Christine B. Schmitt Marchant Rob Christian BrochmannAbstract
The eastern African mountains include the ranges in the contiguous Ethiopian highlands and the solitary mountains in East/Central Africa. We describe the unique features of these mountains, the vegetation belts, and the status and biogeography of the flora and fauna. We present selected case studies on (1) giant rosette plants, the intriguing landmarks of these mountains; (2) a single mountain range endemic, the charismatic Walia Ibex Capra walie; (3) wild Arabica Coffee Coffea arabica; (4) genetic diversity of alpine plant populations, which typically is extremely low and of serious concern; and (5) services these mountains provide and challenges they face, by showcasing Mount Marsabit and the Eastern Arc Mountains. We describe how climate change, land-use change, and anthropogenic impact are affecting the biodiversity and ecosystem services of the mountains and the prevailing risks and opportunities.