Publikasjoner
NIBIOs ansatte publiserer flere hundre vitenskapelige artikler og forskningsrapporter hvert år. Her finner du referanser og lenker til publikasjoner og andre forsknings- og formidlingsaktiviteter. Samlingen oppdateres løpende med både nytt og historisk materiale. For mer informasjon om NIBIOs publikasjoner, besøk NIBIOs bibliotek.
2008
Forfattere
Peder Gjerdrum Mauro BernabeiSammendrag
The grain direction along an arbitrary radius is known to change at a constant rate during the life-span of a tree. A wide variety of professions involve in analysing and understanding GA, included searching new technology for automated detection and significance for wood application. The objective of the study presented in this paper has been to identify a joint, three-dimensional model for grain angle in stems of Norway spruce. Five possibly large spruce trees, DBH at least 40 cm and height ca. 30 m, were sampled near Ås, Norway. 10 cm thick transverse discs were extracted at intervals of ca 5 m along the stem, split through the pith along the north-south diameter with a blunt knife, and grain angle and cambial age observed at regular intervals of 15 mm along the north radius. Pith observation was set to zero; left-handed (clock-wise) angles were denoted as positive, and vice versa. A The grain direction along an arbitrary radius is known to change at a constant rate during the life-span of a tree. A wide variety of professions involve in analysing and understanding GA, included searching new technology for automated detection and significance for wood application...
Sammendrag
Berry damage by the larva of raspberry beetle (Byturus tomentosus) is a major risk for growers of organic raspberry. The identification of two volatile compounds in raspberry flowers that are attractive to the beetle by scientists at SCRI has facilitated the idea of mass trapping as an alternative control method to using conventional insecticides. The challenges are to design efficient and user-friendly traps, and to document if and how such traps can reduce the number of ovipositing beetles sufficiently to get a low level of berry damage. These questions are being investigated as part of a large U.K. project (Defra HortLINK) which is developing IPDM (Integrated Pest and Disease Management) for protected raspberries. We here report the results from a cooperating Norwegian project in which the volatile ‘compound B" was used in pilot trials, 2003-2006. A combined collision-funnel trap from SCRI and AgriSense with the compound in a slow release lure attracted and killed a high number of raspberry beetles in the weeks before flowering, but more studies are needed to find a trap strategy that consistently leads to less berry damage. Norwegian organic fields are small, with large populations of raspberry beetle, and usually with wild raspberry growing nearby. A successful mass trapping strategy must therefore pay equal attention to immigrating and resident beetles.
Sammendrag
Dette notatet presenterer resultata for økonomien i jordbruket i Rogaland og Agderfylka med trendar og økonomisk utvikling siste tiåret frå 1997 til 2006 og tabellsamling for 2002-2006. Årets notat tek for seg tema som samdrift, økologisk mjølkeproduksjon og skatt forutan dei faste postane med trendar og økonomisk utvikling siste tiåret og tabellsamling for dei siste fem åra. I den årlege undersøkinga har vi i 2006 med i alt 80 bruk frå Rogaland og 53 bruk frå Agder. Bruka frå Rogaland og Agder er delt inn i to regionar, Jæren og Agder og Rogaland andre bygder. Hovudtendensane er at svinehaldet på Jæren gav eit godt resultat for 2006 samanlikna med 2005, og at det var nedgong i resultata for mjølkeprodusentane i begge regionane. […]
Sammendrag
Based on data from published nitrogen balances at the farm level, it is shown that fams combining grazing with own silage/hay production for the winter period are highly nitrogen efficient
Sammendrag
Rural communities in Norway have been under great economic stress in recent years. There has been an increasing debate about how to utilize the large potential in a growing tourism industry to promote rural employment and income. This study is based on the institutional view of innovation with a focus on institutions that are important for stimulating innovations. The objectives are: 1) to determine if networking is positively related to innovativeness and if innovativeness is positively related to performance in the nature-based tourism industry in Norway and 2) to develop an in-depth understanding of how different actors trigger a member of the industry to change, create, or otherwise innovate. An email survey was conducted of companies across the country followed by a qualitative study in one Norwegian municipality. Results indicate that there is a positive connection between networking and innovativeness, and between innovativeness and performance. A qualitative case example illustrates the interaction among actors and the resulting impacts on the innovation process.
Forfattere
Trond Rafoss Arild Sletten Leif SundheimSammendrag
Det er ikke registrert sammendrag
Sammendrag
Det er ikke registrert sammendrag
Sammendrag
The difficulty in subculturing biotrophic fungi complicates etiological studies related to the associated plant diseases. By employing internal transcribed spacer rDNA-targeted quantitative real-time polymerase chain reaction, we now show that the heteroecious rust Thekopsora areolata, commonly associated in natural conditions to sapling shoots and cones of Norway spruce and leaves of wild bird cherry, frequently infects nurserygrown seedlings of the conifer. A spatial sampling scheme was used to investigate seedlings and saplings of Norway spruce showing phloem necrosis: the highest concentration of DNA of T. areolata was recorded in the area with necrotic phloem. The separate analysis of bark and wood tissues suggested that the initial spread of the rust to healthy tissues neighboring the infection site takes place in the bark. A Phomopsis species found to coexist with T. areolata in several seedlings showed very high DNA levels in the upper part of the lesion, and even in the visually healthy proximal tissues above the lesions, which indicates that the ascomycete, most probably a secondary invader following primary infection by T. areolata, has a latent stage during early host colonization. We hypothesize that this hemibiotrophic mode of infection contributes to the successful coexistence of Phomopsis with a biotrophic rust.
Forfattere
Mauritz Åssveen Jan Tangsveen Aina Lundon Russenes Anne Kari Bergjord Olsen Lasse WeisethSammendrag
Tidlige og seine byggsorter, tidlige og seine havresorter, vårhvetesorter, høsthvetesorter og høstrugsorter er prøvd i forsøk på Østlandet. I Midt-Norge prøves tidlige og seine byggsorter og havresorter. Nye sorter og linjer prøves sammen med de viktigste markedssortene. Etter 3 års prøving kan nye sorter godkjennes for den norske sortslista. Både siste sesongs resultater og sammendrag over år presenteres.
Sammendrag
Forsøkene med sorter og soppbekjempelse i høsthvete de siste fire årene gir ikke noe grunnlag for å differensiere anbefalingene om soppbekjempelse mellom sortene når det gjelder bladflekksjukdommer. Det er imidlertid forskjeller i mottakelighet for mjøldogg. I år der mjøldogg er dominerende, vil det ha betydning for bekjempelsesbehovet. For å betale utgiftene til plantevernmidlene som er brukt i forsøkene, må en ha en meravling på ca. 50 kg/daa. Midlene og doseringen er imidlertid ikke valgt ut i fra en økonomisk vurdering, men for å holde sortene mest mulig friske. Forsøkene med sorter og soppbekjempelse bør fortsette for å gi bedre kunnskap om riktig soppbekjempelse til sortene under ulike forhold. Ikke minst er det viktig å få bedre kunnskap om mottakelighet og forventa avlingstap for hvetebrunflekk og hvetebladprikk under norske forhold.