Publikasjoner
NIBIOs ansatte publiserer flere hundre vitenskapelige artikler og forskningsrapporter hvert år. Her finner du referanser og lenker til publikasjoner og andre forsknings- og formidlingsaktiviteter. Samlingen oppdateres løpende med både nytt og historisk materiale. For mer informasjon om NIBIOs publikasjoner, besøk NIBIOs bibliotek.
2014
Forfattere
Svein Øyvind Solberg Agnese Kolodinska Brantestam Madeleine Kylin Gitte Kjeldsen Bjørn Mette ThomsenSammendrag
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Forfattere
Ermias Deribe Alemayehu Esayas Masresha Peder August Gade Siri Berger Bjørn Olav Rosseland Reidar Borgstrøm Elias Dadebo Gebremariam Zinabu Ole Martin Eklo Lindis Skipperud Brit SalbuSammendrag
Det er ikke registrert sammendrag
Forfattere
Peder Gjerdrum Birger EikenesSammendrag
Density is a fundamental softwood quality trait. The aim of this paper is to identify a spatial model for wood density variation in spruce stems, with the main focus on basic density. Six thousand 20-mm-wide cubes systematically sampled from 85 trees in western Norway were analysed. The overall radial density pattern was the J shape with local maximum in the pith and increasing density outwards from a minimum at some distance from the pith. The minimum appeared closer to the pith further up in the tree. The stochastic nature of the six tree-wise parameters defining density gradients from pith to surface and from base to top was analysed and described. The results provide information needed to simulate density variation inside stems and between stems in a population. Considering the fundamental influence of density on a range of wood traits, such simulation should be of great significance for scientific and industrial analyses.
Forfattere
Zahra Kalantari Steve W. Lyon Lennart Folkeson Helen French Jannes Stolte Per-Erik Jansson Mona SassnerSammendrag
A physically-based, distributed hydrological model (MIKE SHE) was used to quantify overland runoff in response to four extreme rain events and four types of simulated land use measure in a catchment in Norway. The current land use in the catchment comprises arable lands, forest, urban areas and a stream that passes under a motorway at the catchment outlet. This model simulation study demonstrates how the composition and configuration of land use measures affect discharge at the catchment outlet differently in response to storms of different sizes. For example, clear-cutting on 30% of the catchment area produced a 60% increase in peak discharge and a 10% increase in total runoff resulting from a 50-year storm event in summer, but the effects on peak discharge were less pronounced during smaller storms. Reforestation of 60% of the catchment area was the most effective measure in reducing peak flows for smaller (2-, 5- and 10-year) storms. Introducing grassed waterways reduced water velocity in the stream and resulted in a 28% reduction in peak flow at the catchment outlet for the 50-year storm event. Overall, the results indicate that the specific effect of land use measures on catchment discharge depends on their spatial distribution and on the size and timing of storm events.
Sammendrag
Det er ikke registrert sammendrag
Sammendrag
New wood protection technologies should be effective against biodeterioration and at the same time minimize environmental impact. The present study investigates the effect of polyaniline modification of wood and the effect of a pulsed electric field on fungal protection. The effect of fungi and a pulsed electric field on the conductivity of the modified wood was also measured. It was found that it is possible to polymerize polyaniline particles in-situ homogeneously throughout the wood specimens. The polyaniline particles themselves were not found to be anti-fungal, however when in contact with water they affected the pH drastically and inhibited fungal growth. The wood treatment with polyaniline and the connection to a pulsed electric field were found to be effective in protecting the wood from deterioration when exposed to Postia placenta. The unmodified samples that were connected to a pulsed electric field lost under 10 wt% due to fungal degradation. The combination of polyaniline treatment with the connection to a pulsed electric field showed a slight synergistic effect which resulted in less weight loss due to fungal degradation. However, a more brittle wood structure was observed. Leached and fungal exposed samples showed a significant drop in the conductivity, indicating that the network has broken down slightly.
Sammendrag
© 2014. This is the authors’ accepted and refereed manuscript to the article.
Forfattere
Subal Chandra Kumbhakar Gudbrand Lien J. Brian HardakerSammendrag
Det er ikke registrert sammendrag
Forfattere
Reidun Pommeresche Anne-Kristin LøesSammendrag
The diversity and density of springtails (Collembola) were studied in an organically managed grass-clover ley at Tingvoll experimental farm in NW Norway during 2011–2012. In total after one sampling in 2011 and 3 samplings in 2012, 42 species were identified. Our results included a new species for the Norwegian fauna, Onychiurus edinensis (Bagnall, 1935) and one species very unusual to agricultural soils, Oligaphorura ursi (Fjellberg, 1984). The most abundant species was Parisotoma notabilis (Schäffer, 1896), followed by three species of Mesaphorura Börner, 1901, two species of Protaphorura Absolon, 1901 and Isotomurus graminis Fjellberg, 2007. A high number of P. notabilis has also been found in pastures in Iceland (Gudleifsson & Bjarnadottir 2008), in forest habitats in Norway (Hågvar 1982, Fjellberg et al. 2005) and in agricultural soil in Denmark (Axelsen & Kristensen 2000) and Sweden (Lagerlöf & Andrén 1991). The average density of springtails was 7 917 individuals m-2 in 2011. In 2012, the density was generally higher and varied between 16 182 and 41 515. We have proposed a grouping of the species into “epigeic” and “endogeic”, dependent on the presence or absence of eye organs and colour. Such classification is relatively easy and may give useful information in cases when identification to species is not possible.
Forfattere
Laura Zoratti Katja Karppinen Ana Luengo Escobar Hely Häggman Laura JaakolaSammendrag
Det er ikke registrert sammendrag