Publikasjoner
NIBIOs ansatte publiserer flere hundre vitenskapelige artikler og forskningsrapporter hvert år. Her finner du referanser og lenker til publikasjoner og andre forsknings- og formidlingsaktiviteter. Samlingen oppdateres løpende med både nytt og historisk materiale. For mer informasjon om NIBIOs publikasjoner, besøk NIBIOs bibliotek.
2003
Forfattere
Roald SørheimSammendrag
Det er ikke registrert sammendrag
Sammendrag
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Sammendrag
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Sammendrag
Several biocells varying from 100 m3 to about 8000 tons have been established at waste treatment locations in Norway since 1998. We studied biocells by characterizing the waste material by degradation, gas and leachate emission and post-treatment potential, by taking several samples distributed in space and time. Field sample analyses were water content, leachate temperature, redox conditions, oxygen content, electrical conductivity and pH, and gas temperature, O2, CH4 and CO2 concentrations. Waste samples were drilled up by a 10-inch auger down to 6 m depth. The collected samples were analyzed and used for composting experiments. The temperature in the biocelles varied between 10 to 14 ºC in the period from august to December. The waste was characterised as completely or slightly completely degraded after 4 years of biocell storage/treatment, based on "Rotte-test" and respirometer analyses. Microbial analyses showed that the material was free from salmonella, but contained some thermotolerant colibacteria in the most degraded part. Samples from the slightly degraded waste were also free from thermotolerant colibacteria. None of the waste samples showed any inhibition against the germination of plants. The temperature in the most degraded material did not increase significantly during composting. This material can thus not be treated aerobically after removal from the biocell, ie. for reducing pathogens. The factors leachate strenght measured as electrical conductivity, BOD and C/N-ratio best explained the methane content of the biogas in each sampling point. A total production of 593 t landfill gas has been measured from the large biocell. The annual mean methane concentration increased from 28 to 56%, with an overall mean of 48%. This gives a 21% degradation of organic carbon in four years, based on certain assumptions on the incoming waste. The estimated degradation of organic matter is between 50% and 75% in four years.
2002
Sammendrag
I det brukerstyrte forskningsprosjektet "Utvikling av kompostprodukter" er det gjennomført en undersøkelse av bruk av ulike strukturmaterialer til kompostering av våtorganisk avfall i Norge. Målet med prosjektet har vært å skaffe grunnleggende kunnskap om bruk av forskjellige strukturmaterialer som har betydning for den praktiske komposteringen av våtorganisk avfall i Norge. Seks typer strukturmaterialer ble valgt ut i samråd med prosjektets styringsgruppe. Strukturmaterialene og typiske blandinger med matavfall ble analysert for fysiske og kjemiske parametre. Deretter ble blandingene kompostert under kontrollerte forhold i kompostbinger på ca 250 liter. Den ferdige komposten ble analysert for fysiske og kjemiske parametre. På bakgrunn av porøsitetsmålinger er luftporevolum og vannoppsugingsevne under ulikt trykk bestemt for struktmateriale og blandingene. På bakgrunn av behandlingstid og blandingenes volumkapasitet er realtiv behandlingstid regnet ut.
Forfattere
Ove BergersenSammendrag
Det er ikke registrert sammendrag
Forfattere
Ove BergersenSammendrag
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Forfattere
Ove BergersenSammendrag
Det er ikke registrert sammendrag
Sammendrag
Det er ikke registrert sammendrag
Sammendrag
Uptake in grass crops of ammonium acetate lactate extractable K (KAL) and reserve K (interlayer K + structural K) in soil was studied in 16 field experiments at different locations on a range of mineral soil types in Norway. The K uptake from soil, both from KAL and reserve K, was considerable, often even at the highest level of K fertiliser. During three years, only on the sandy soils with a low level of acid soluble K (KHNO3 minus KAL) was there a yield response to K fertilisation. The KAL values declined rapidly and flattened off at a "minimum level" which differed with soil type. This minimum level for KAL is a useful parameter in fertiliser planning, because the grass usually took up the K in excess of the minimum level over two years. The minimum value of KAL was significantly correlated with the content of clay + silt in soil. The decrease in KAL during the growing season was closely correlated to the KAL value in spring minus the minimum value and, therefore, the amount of K supplied to the grass from the KAL fraction can be calculated. Furthermore, the KAL value for the following spring may be estimated. The release from reserve K was partially related to acid soluble K.