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Publications

NIBIOs employees contribute to several hundred scientific articles and research reports every year. You can browse or search in our collection which contains references and links to these publications as well as other research and dissemination activities. The collection is continously updated with new and historical material.

2023

Abstract

Aquaculture of marine macroalgae is an important part of the world’s food production. In Norway, the fast-growing kelp Saccharina latissima has the highest potential for industrial biomass production. Aquaculture in the country’s fjords is economically more viable for SMEs, supports the development of IMTA and could allow the industry to approach the projected 20 million tons by 2050. However, S. latissima is exposed to a considerable decline in seawater salinity during the growth season, which affects the biomass production. This presentation shows results of industrial R&D projects in which the presence of “low-salinity tolerant” strains of S. latissima in a North Norwegian fjord and their responses to the seasonal salinity decline was studied. In a laboratory-based common garden experiment, sporophytes of S. latissima from different locations in Skjerstadfjorden were cultivated under different salinities for six weeks. Growth and photosynthetic parameters were measured to understand their physiological responses to salinity stress. Then their F1 generation were seeded on ropes and deployed at a commercial aquaculture site in Skjerstadfjorden to study strain-specific differences in biomass production and yield, optimal growth depths and biochemical composition of S. latissima. In addition, the aquaculture site was characterised by measurements of physical and chemical parameters. The projects’ results will help North Norwegian macroalgae producers to improve the biomass production and biochemical composition of S. latissima. These findings could lay the foundation for the development of breeding programmes in Norway and could demonstrate the macroalgae producers in Norway the possibility of establishing aquaculture in fjords.

Abstract

Short food supply chains (SFSCs) are associated with a range of contested, place-based attributes which contrast with the characteristics of complex, global and corporate chains. This article avoids such oppositional binaries by focusing on SFSCs serving two European cities, namely Oslo (Norway) and Bristol (UK). It reviews cities as a particular kind of market within which to secure custom, by presenting qualitative data from a study of SFSCs in these two cities to examine marketing barriers and opportunities encountered. Distinctive urban contexts, such as the density of consumers and presence of food-related infrastructures, can influence the marketing strategies and sales channels chosen by food enterprises. Difficulties are faced by both food producers and the sales channels through which they come to market, especially in relation to financial viability, price competition and efficiency. Our analysis, as well as highlighting connections and divergences between Oslo and Bristol, emphasises the role of these cities in providing diverse food market niches. Alongside global chains, functioning SFSCs help to reflect the history of Oslo and Bristol as trading cities with diverse populations and reveal enterprise adaptability and innovation as market demand shifts.

To document

Abstract

The anaerobic digestion (AD) of food waste (FW) was easy to acidify and accumulate ammonia nitrogen. Adding exogenous materials to the AD system can enhance its conversion efficiency by alleviating acidification and ammonia nitrogen inhibition. This work investigated the effects of the addition frequency and additive amount on the AD of FW with increasing organic loading rate (OLR). When the OLR was 3.0 g VS per L per day and the concentration of the additives was 0.5 g per L per day, the stable methane yield reached 263 ± 22 mL per g VS, which was higher than that of the group without the additives (189 mL per g VS). Methanosaetaceae was the dominant archaea, with a maximum abundance of 93.25%. Through machine learning analysis, it was found that the optimal daily methane yield could be achieved. When the OLR was within the range of 0–3.0 g VS per L per day, the pH was within the range of 7.6–8.0, and the additive concentration was more than 0.5 g per L per day. This study proposed a novel additive and determined its usage strategy for regulating the AD of FW through experimental and simulation approaches.

Abstract

This report presents results of two plum cultivars and selections trials, performed during 2013-2021 and 2016-2021 at Ullensvang. In total, 19 plum cultivars were evaluated: 4 from the Institute of Horticulture, Čačak, Serbia; 9 cultivars and selections bred by Einar Ruud, Søgne; 3 plum selections from Graminor, Njøs and 1 cultivar from NMBU. Cultivars Opal and Čačanska lepotica served as control. The aim of these reported plum cultivar trials was to investigate recently released plum cultivars and premium selections from Norwegian and Serbian breeding programs from pomological, agronomical, and biochemical point of view, identify the most important quality parameters, and select cultivars with desirable traits for the modern market in Norway. Based on overall fruit quality and tree productivity, selections NPr. 458 and Anne (R21) (Rudiplomme, if a DNA-test reveal that it is the same as the cultivar Anne (R 21)) are selected for fresh consumption and can be recommended for further commercial growing tests. Due to very sweet and good fruit taste, cultivars Boranka and Ellen might be used for jam.