Publications
NIBIOs employees contribute to several hundred scientific articles and research reports every year. You can browse or search in our collection which contains references and links to these publications as well as other research and dissemination activities. The collection is continously updated with new and historical material.
2023
Authors
Helene Müller Haugan Joseph Chipperfield Bjørn Arild Hatteland Alexander Dumbrell Rakel BlaalidAbstract
No abstract has been registered
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No abstract has been registered
Authors
Kari Skjånes Dag Henning Edvardsen Hans Ragnar Norli Inger Johanne Karlengen Stig A. BorgvangAbstract
No abstract has been registered
Abstract
No abstract has been registered
Authors
Marcos Viejo Manuel Rey Yolanda Ferradas Javier Sampedro Jorunn Elisabeth Olsen Carl Gunnar Fossdal Igor A. Yakovlev Ana Lucia Pinto-Sintra Maria Victoria GonzalesAbstract
No abstract has been registered
Authors
Frode VeggelandAbstract
No abstract has been registered
Abstract
Cover crops are used to increase carbon sequestration in soils. However, an increase of organic matter in soils not only increases carbon stocks but also affects nitrogen availability. This can trigger N2O emissions, particularly during wintertime, when standing plant biomass from cover crops decays. N2O emissions associated with cover crops could potentially cancel out the carbon gain. In this study, N2O emissions were measured over two years in a field experiment in SE Norway with barley and various cover crops (perennial and Italian ryegrass, oilseed radish, summer and winter vetch, phacelia and a mixture of different herbs) and compared with controls without cover crops. Manual chambers were used in summer during the growth of the main crop, while winter emissions were measured more frequently by a field robot to capture freeze-thaw induced emission peaks. Both winters had poor snow cover and the highest N2O emissions were measured during freeze-thaw cycles in early spring. Nitrogen-rich cover crops with poor overwintering (oilseed radish) increased wintertime emissions, whereas perennial cover crops with good overwintering (perennial ryegrass and herb mixture) tended to reduce N2O emissions compared to controls. This suggests that the overall climate effect of cover crops in hemiboreal cereal production depends on cover crop species and winter conditions.
Abstract
The use of cover crops in cereal production as a climate smart agricultural practice is generally used to increase carbon sequestration in soils. However, increased plant biomass in wintertime can trigger N2O emissions due to decay during freeze-thaw cycles. So far little is known about N2O winter emissions from cover crops which, in the worst case, could cancel out the carbon gain by cover crops. Here we report N2O emissions from a two-year field experiment in SE Norway with barley and various cover crops (perennial and Italian ryegrass, oilseed radish, summer and winter vetch, phacelia and a mixture of different herbs) measured against controls without cover crops. A field robot was used for measuring N2O emissions at high temporal resolution during off-season, i.e., the period from cereal crop harvest to cereal crop sowing. During the first winter, the snow cover was poor and the significantly higher N2O emissions were measured from oilseed radish during spring thaw whereas perennial ryegrass reduced emissions. A second winter is measured and N2O emissions from both years will be presented. In addition, continuous measurements are needed to assess the effect of diurnal freeze-thaw cycles on N2O emissions before scaling up to annual N2O emission fluxes and comparing with C sequestration.
Abstract
No abstract has been registered
Authors
Adam Eindride Naas Rune Halvorsen Peter Horvath Anders Kvalvåg Wollan Harald Bratli Katrine Marie Brynildsrud Eirik Aasmo Finne Lasse Torben Keetz Eva Lieungh Christine Olson Trond Simensen Olav Skarpaas Hilde R. Tandstad Michal Torma Espen Sommer Værland Anders BrynAbstract
No abstract has been registered