Publications
NIBIOs employees contribute to several hundred scientific articles and research reports every year. You can browse or search in our collection which contains references and links to these publications as well as other research and dissemination activities. The collection is continously updated with new and historical material.
2013
Authors
Debra Bailey Youssef Ammari Siyka Angelova Michaela Arndorfer Katalin Balázs András Báldi Marion Bogers Robert Gerald Henry Bunce Jean-Philippe Choisis Peter Dennis Tetyana Dyman Sebastian Eiter Wendy Fjellstad Thomas Frank Mariecia D. Fraser Jürgen Friedel Salah Garchi Ilse Geijzendorffer Tiziano Gomiero Felix Herzog Philippe Jeanneret Gergely Jerkovich Rob Jongman Max Kainz Esezah Kakudidi Eszter Kelemen Anikó Kovács-Hostyánszki Norman Kwikiriza Roland Kölliker Luisa Last Gisela Lüscher Gerardo Moreno Charles Nkwiine John Opio Marie-Louise Oschatz Maurizio Guido Paoletti Philippe Pointereau Jean-Pierre Sarthou Manuel Schneider Norman Siebrecht Daniele Sommaggio Siyka Stoyanova Stella Targetti Sebastian Wolfrum Varvara YashchenkoAbstract
No abstract has been registered
Abstract
For a quarter of a century, sustainable development has been on the political and research agendas. Within the field of landscape ecology, a wide array of research has documented the effects of alternative land uses, analysed driving forces of land use change and developed tools for measuring such changes, to mention but a few developments. There have also been great advances in technology and data management. Nevertheless, unsustainable land use continues to occur and the science of landscape ecology has had less influence on landscape change than aimed for. In this paper we use Norwegian examples to discuss some of the reasons for this. We examine mismatches in the spatial and temporal scales considered by scientists, decision-makers and those who carry out land use change, consider how this and other factors hinder effective communication between scientists and practitioners, and urge for a stronger focus on what it is that motivates people to action. We suggest that the concept of landscape services can be useful not only for researchers but also provide valuable communication and planning tools. Finally, we suggest more emphasis on applying adaptive management in landscape ecology to help close the gaps, both between researchers and policy and, even more crucially, between researchers and practitioners.
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Authors
Hanne SickelAbstract
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Authors
Christian PedersenAbstract
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Authors
Heleen de Wit Anders Bryn Annika Hofgaard Jonas Karstensen Maria Malene Kvalevåg Glen Philip PetersAbstract
Expanding high elevation and high latitude forest has contrasting climate feedbacks through carbon sequestration (cooling) and reduced surface reflectance (warming), which are yet poorly quantified. Here, we present an empirically-based projection of mountain birch forest expansion in south-central Norway under climate change and absence of land use. Climate effects of carbon sequestration and albedo change are compared using four emission metrics. Forest expansion was modeled for a projected 2.6 °C increase of summer temperature in 2100, with associated reduced snow cover. We find that the current (year 2000) forest line of the region is circa 100 m lower than its climatic potential due to land use history. In the future scenarios, forest cover increased from 12 to 27% between 2000 and 2100, resulting in a 59% increase in biomass carbon storage and an albedo change from 0.46 to 0.30. Forest expansion in 2100 was behind its climatic potential, forest migration rates being the primary limiting factor. In 2100, the warming caused by lower albedo from expanding forest was 10 to 17 times stronger than the cooling effect from carbon sequestration for all emission metrics considered. Reduced snow cover further exacerbated the net warming feedback. The warming effect is considerably stronger than previously reported for boreal forest cover, because of the typically low biomass density in mountain forests and the large changes in albedo of snow-covered tundra areas. The positive climate feedback of high latitude and high elevation expanding mountain forests with seasonal snow cover exceeds those of afforestation at lower elevation, and calls for further attention of both modelers and empiricists. The inclusion and upscaling of these climate feedbacks from mountain forests into global models is warranted to assess the potential global impacts.
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Abstract
No abstract has been registered